选择器 | 描述 |
---|---|
E:not() | 匹配除not()中选择的元素外的所有元素 |
E:root | 匹配文档所在的根元素,一般是html元素 |
E:target | 匹配锚点#指向的文档中的具体元素 |
E:first-child | 匹配父元素下的第一个子元素 |
E:last-child | 匹配父元素下的最后一个子元素 |
E:only-child | 如果父元素下仅有一个子元素,则匹配 |
E:nth-child(n) | 匹配父元素下面的第n个子元素,n从1开始且n可以是表达式 |
E:nth-last-child(n) | 从后向前匹配父元素下面的第n个子元素 |
E:first-of-type | 在父元素下面寻找第一个匹配的子元素 |
E:last-of-type | 在父元素下面寻找最后一个匹配的子元素 |
E:only-of-type | 匹配父元素的所有子元素中唯一的那个子元素 |
E:nth-of-last-type(n) | 匹配父元素的第n个子元素 |
E:nth-of-last-type(n) | 从后往前匹配父元素的第n个子元素 |
E:empty | 匹配没有任何子元素的元素 |
E:checked | 匹配用户界面上处于选中状态的元素 |
E:enabled | E:disabled | 用户选择input的正常状态和不可操作状态 |
E:read-only | E:read-write | 用户设置input是否只读,或者可读可写 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p:not(.p3){
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>p1</p>
<p>p2</p>
<p class="p3">p3</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
width:100px;height:100px;
background-color: gray;
}
#box1:target{background-color: red;}
#box2:target{background-color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<a href="#box1">box1</a>
<a href="#box2">box2</a>
<div id="box1">box1</div><br>
<div id="box2">box2</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.div1 p:first-child{
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">
<p>p1</p>
<p>p2</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.div1 p:last-child{
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">
<p>p1</p>
<p>p2</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
li:nth-child(2n){
background-color: gray;}
span:nth-child(odd){
background-color: gray;}
p:nth-child(2){
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li></ul>
<div><span>span1</span><span>span2</span><span>span3</span><span>span4</span>
<span>span5</span><span>span6</span></div>
<div><p>p1</p><p>p2</p><p>p3</p></div>
</body>
</html>
li:nth-child(2n){
background-color: gray;}
等价于
li:nth-child(even){
background-color: gray;}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p:only-child{
background-color: gray;}
li:only-child{
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><p>p1</p></div>
<ul><li>li1</li><li>li2</li></ul>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
li:first-of-type{
background-color: gray;}
span:first-child{
background-color: gray;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul><p></p><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li></ul>
<div>
<p>p2</p><span>span1</span><span>span2</span><span>span3</span>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
border: black 1px solid;
width: 100px; height: 100px;
}
.box:empty{
background-color:gray;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box"></div>
<div class="box"> </div>
</body>
</html>
box是个类,前面有一个小圆点
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
input:checked+span::after{
content:"这个爱好不错哦";}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>爱好</h1>
游泳:<input type="checkbox"><span></span>
<br>登山:<input type="checkbox"><span></span>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 25px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">圆角</p>
</body>
</html>
当仅设置一个属性值时,边框的四个角具有相同的大小,如果希望单独设置四个角的圆角效果,可以使用border-top-left-radius,border-top-right-radius,border-bottom-right-radius,border-bottom-left-radius
属性设置圆角值
四个值:第一个值为左上角,第二个值为右上角,第三个值为右下角,第四个值为左下角
三个值:第一个值为左上角,第二个值为右上角和左下角,第三个值为右下角
两个值:第一个值为左上角与右下角,第二个值为右上角和左下角
一个值:四个圆角值相同
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 15px 50px 30px 5px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">圆角</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 15px 50px 30px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">圆角</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 15px 50px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">圆角</p>
</body>
</html>
第一个数值表示水平半径,第二个数值表示垂直半径
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 50px/15px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">椭圆边框 border-radius:50px/15px</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#rcorner{
border-radius: 50%;
border: 2px solid #333333;
padding: 20px;
width: 200px;height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="rcorner">椭圆边框 border-radius:50%</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
img{
margin:10px;
width: 200px;
height: 150px;
display: inline-block;
}
#rcorner1{
border-radius: 10px;
}
#rcorner2{
border-radius: 50%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img id="rcorner1" src="01.jpg">border-radius: 10px</img>
<img id="rcorner2" src="01.jpg">border-radius: 50%</img>
</body>
</html>
CSS3中提供了border-image属性,该属性使用了图像填充盒子的边框
border-image:url(border.png) 30% 35% 40% 30% repeat
第一个参数是border-image-source,表示背景图像的url地址;
第二个参数是border-image-slice,表示图片剪裁位置;
表示距离图片上部30%,距离右边35%,距离底部40%,左边30%的地方各裁剪一下,形成了9个分离的区域(图片裁剪九宫格)
border-image:url(border.png) 27 repeat
(这里的27指27个像素 )
第三个参数是border-image-repeat
.即边框图片的重复性,可取值repeat(重复),round(平铺),Stretch(拉伸),其中Stretch是默认值
border-image:url(border.png) 27
border-image:url(border.png) 27 repeat
border-image:url(border.png) 27 round repeat
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
border:15px solid transparent;
width: 250px;
padding:10px;
}
#stretch{
border-image: url(02.jpg) 50 stretch;
}
#round{
border-image:url(02.jpg) 50 round;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="stretch">图像采取拉伸的方式</div><br><br><br><br><br>
<div id="round">图像采取平铺的方式</div>
</body>
</html>
box-shadow属性用来定义盒子阴影效果
box-shadow:offset-x ,offset-y,blur,spread,color,inset
属性值 | 描述 |
---|---|
offset-x | 必填项,表示水平阴影的位置,它是相对于x轴的偏移量,取值正负均可,如果是负值则阴影位于元素左边 |
offset-y | 同样是必填项,表示垂直阴影的位置,它是相对于y轴的偏移量,取值正负均可,如果是负值则阴影位于元素上面 |
blur | 选填项,表示阴影模糊半径,只能取正值,0位无模糊效果,值越大模糊面积越大,阴影边缘越模糊 |
spread | 选填项,表示阴影大小,取值正负均可,取正值时,阴影扩大,取负值时,阴影收缩,默认值为0,此时阴影与元素同样大 |
color | 选填项,表示阴影颜色 |
inset | 选填项,用于将外部投影(默认 outset)改为内部投影,inset阴影在背景之上内容之下,注意inset可以写在参数的第一个或最后一个,其它位置是无效的 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div.card{
width: 250px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2),
0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);
text-align: center;
}
div.header{
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 40px;
}
div.container{
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>box-shadow 属性用来可以创建纸质样式卡片</p>
<div class="card">
<div class="header">
<h1>1</h1>
</div>
<div class="container">
<p>January 1,2019</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div.polaroid{
width: 250px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2),
0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);
text-align: center;
}
div.container{
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>box-shadow 属性用来可以创建卡片样式:</p>
<div class="polaroid">
<img src="01.jpg" alt="desert" style="width: 100%">
<div class="container">
<p>二次元</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
backgroud-image属性,将多张图片同时设置为背景,不同背景图片用逗号隔开
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#example1{
background-image:url(01.jpg),url(02.jpg);
background-position: right bottom,left top;
background-repeat: no-repeat,repeat;
padding: 15px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="example1">
<h1>背景图片示例</h1>
<p>在CSS3中,我们既可以在背景中设置多张图片,也可以指定每一张背景图片的大小和位置,
另外还可以设置渐变效果作为背景图像。</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
CSS3以前,背景图像大小是由图像的实际大小决定。
background-size:auto | <长度值> | <百分比> | cover | contain
auto,默认值,不改变背景图片的原始高度和宽度
<长度值>,成对出现,例如80px,60px
<百分比>,例如100% 100%
Cover,覆盖,背景图片等比缩放以填满整个容器
Contain,容纳,背景图片等比缩放至某一边紧贴容器边缘
background-origin:border-box|padding-box|content-box
当background-attachment属性设置为fixed时,background-origin属性会失效
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
border: 1px solid black;padding:35px;
background-image:url('02.jpg');
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-position:left;
}
#div1{background-origin:border-box;}
#div2{background-origin:content-box;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>border-box 作为背景图像的起始区域:</p>
<div id="div1">背景图像的坐标原点设置在盒模型border-box区域的左上角</div>
<p>content-box作为背景图像的起始区域:</p>
<div id="div2">背景图像的坐标原点设置在盒模型border-box区域的左上角</div>
</body>
</html>
渐变效果提供了在两个或多个指定的颜色之间显示平稳的过渡。
CSS3定义了三种类型的渐变:一种是线性渐变(Linear Gradients),根据渐变方向的不同,又分为向下,向上,向左,向右,对角等不同方向的线性渐变;第二种渐变是径向渐变(Radial Gradients),由具有不同半径的圆的重心进行定义;第三种类型为重复渐变,是由单个渐变重复而成。
由于不同浏览器产商在实现渐变标准时,对于渐变方向的定义,角度的定义以及顺时针还是逆时针有所不同,所以在使用渐变时需要添加浏览器前缀。例如,对于Chrome,Safari浏览器,前缀为-webkit-,而火狐浏览器Firefox的前缀为-moz-,Opera浏览器的前缀为-o-
/*Safari*/
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(red,blue) ;
/*Opera*/
background:-o-linear-gradient(red,blue) ;
/*Firefox或者Chrome*/
background:-moz-linear-gradient(red,blue) ;
/*标准的语法,放在最后*/
background:linear-gradient(red,blue) ;
background:linear-gradient(direction,color-stop1,color-stop2,……)
这里的direction
默认是从上往下
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
/*标准的语法,放在最后*/
background:linear-gradient(red,blue) ;
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
左右:
#grad2{
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,red,blue);
background:-o-linear-gradient(right,red,blue);
background:-moz-linear-gradient(right,red,blue);
background:linear-gradient(to right,red,blue);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(to right,red,blue) ;
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
对角线:
#grad3{
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left top,red,blue);
background:-o-linear-gradient(bottom right,red,blue);
background:-moz-linear-gradient(bottom right,red,blue);
background:linear-gradient(to bottom right,red,blue);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(to bottom right,red,blue) ;
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
#grad4{
height: 200px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg,red,blue);
background:-o-linear-gradient(0deg,red,blue);
background:-moz-linear-gradient(90deg,red,blue);
background:linear-gradient(0deg,red,blue);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(0deg,red,blue) ;
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
#grad5{
height: 200px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet);
background:-o-linear-gradient(right,red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet);
background:-moz-linear-gradient(right,red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet);
background:linear-gradient(to right,red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(to right,red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
#grad6{
width: 200px; height: 200px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg,#f0f 0px,#0ff 50px,#fff 100px);
background:-o-linear-gradient(0deg,#f0f 0px,#0ff 50px,#fff 100px);
background:-moz-linear-gradient(90deg,#f0f 0px,#0ff 50px,#fff 100px);
background:linear-gradient(0deg,#f0f 0px,#0ff 50px,#fff 100px);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(0deg,#f0f 0px,#0ff 50px,#fff 100px);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
#grad6{
width: 200px; height: 200px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,0,0,0),rgba(255,0,0,1));
background:-o-linear-gradient(right,rgba(255,0,0,0),rgba(255,0,0,1));
background:-moz-linear-gradient(right,rgba(255,0,0,0),rgba(255,0,0,1));
background:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,0,0,0),rgba(255,0,0,1));
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,0,0,0),rgba(255,0,0,1));
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
举例:
background:repeating-linear-gradient(black,gray 10%,white 15%);
黑色渐变到灰色从高度的0%至10%,灰色渐变到白色从高度的10%至15%,然后重复这一渐变
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:repeating-linear-gradient(black,gray 10%,white 15%);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:repeating-linear-gradient(red,green 10%,blue 15%);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
background:radial-gradient(shape [size] at position,start-color,………………,last-color);
#grad7{
width: 200px; height: 200px;
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(red,yellow,green);
background:-o-radial-gradient(red,yellow,green);
background:-moz-radial-gradient(red,yellow,green);
background:radial-gradient(red,yellow,green);
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:radial-gradient(red,yellow,green);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
#grad1{
background:radial-gradient(red 5%,yellow 15% ,green 60%);
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:radial-gradient(red 5%,yellow 15% ,green 60%);
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
重复径向渐变用于创建重复的径向渐变图像:
background:repeating-radial-gradient(black,white 10%,gray 15%);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:repeating-radial-gradient(black,white 10%,gray 15%);
width: 600px;
height: 150px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#grad1{
background:repeating-radial-gradient(red ,yellow 10% ,green 15%);
width: 300px;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>
使用@font-face
加载特定的字符,@font-face
语句是CSS中的一个功能模块,是为了解决由于浏览者系统中没有安装字体导致不能显示的问题,用于实现网页字体多样性
@font-face{
font-family:'FZCYS';
src:local('FZYaSongA-B-GB');
src: url('YourWebFontName.eot');
}
div{
font-family:FZCYS;
}
font-family的作用是声明字体变量;src属性定义字体的下载地址,local表示本机地址,url表示网址,当网页加载时会自动从服务器上下载字体文件再显示出来
文本阴影
text-shadow:h-shadow v-shadow blur color
h-shadow水平阴影,v-shadow垂直阴影,它们为必填项,允许为负值;blur为选填项,表示模糊的距离;color为选填项,表示阴影颜色
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
h1{
text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #333;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>text-shadow with blur effect</h1>
</body>
</html>
text-overflow指定应向用户如何显示溢出内容
text-overflow:clip|ellipsis|string
clip:裁剪 ellipsis:省略号
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
width: 200px;
background-color:#87CEEB;
overflow: hidden;
white-space: nowrap;/*文本不自动换行*/
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
#div2{
width: 200px;
background-color:bisque;
overflow: hidden;
white-space: nowrap;/*文本不自动换行*/
text-overflow: clip;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">This is some long text text-overflow</div><br>
<div id="div2">This is some long text text-overflow</div>
</body>
</html>
text-overflow
和overflow
必须结合起来使用
translate(x,y)方法,从当前元素位置沿X轴和Y轴移动相应的位移量
transform:translateX(x) transform:translateX(y)
transform:translate(100px,30px);
-ms-transform:translate(100px,30px);/*IE 9*/
-webkit-transform:translate(100px,30px);/*Safari and Chrome*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 150px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:translate(100px,30px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div</div>
<div id="div2">平移后的div</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 150px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:translate(100px,30px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">平移后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">平移后的div</div>
</div>
rotate(angle)将元素对象相对中心原点进行旋转,度数为正值为顺时针旋转,负值为逆时针旋转
-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);/*IE 9*/
-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);/*Safari and Chrome*/
transform:rotate(45deg);/*标准语法*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
margin: 50px;
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 150px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:rotate(45deg);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">旋转后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
默认是围绕元素的中心店旋转,也可以使用 tranform-origin属性设置旋转中心点,例如tranform-origin:0 0,使元素的旋转中心为左上角
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
margin: 50px;
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 150px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform-origin: 0 0;
transform:rotate(45deg);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">旋转后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
scale(x,y),scaleX(x),scaleY(y)方法,将元素根据中心原点进行缩放,参数可以是正数,负数或小数,默认值为1,取正数表示方法相应的倍数,取小于1的小数值表示缩小相应的倍数,取负数值不会缩小元素,而是翻转元素。
-ms-transform:scale(2,1.5);/*IE 9*/
-webkit-transform: scale(2,1.5);/*Safari*/
transform:scale(2,1.5);/*标准语法*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
margin: 100px;
width: 100px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:scale(2,1.5);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">缩放后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
改变缩放的默认点:
transform-origin: 0 0;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
margin: 100px;
width: 150px;
height: 75px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 100px;height: 75px;
background-color:#eee;
transform-origin: 0 0;
transform:scale(2,1.5);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">缩放后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
skew(angle[,angle])
(第一个是x方向倾斜的角度,第二个是y方向倾斜的角度)实现元素对象的倾斜显示。参数值表示元素在X轴和Y轴方向上倾斜的角度,如果第二个参数为空,则默认为0;参数取正值,表示元素沿水平或垂直方向,按顺时针倾斜,否则如果取负值,表示元素按逆时针方向倾斜
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
margin: 100px;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 200px;height: 100px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:skewX(30deg);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">原始div
<div id="div2">倾斜后的div</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
transform:skewX(0deg);/*标准语法*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
margin: 100px;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
border:1px dashed silver;
}
#div2{
width: 200px;height: 100px;
background-color:#eee;
transform:skewX(30deg);/*标准语法*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">
<div id="div2"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
transform:skewX(0deg);/*标准语法*/
perspective属性:定义元素举例视点(人眼)的距离,当元素设置该属性,其子元素会获得透视效果,而不是元素本身
黑色实心点是观察点,即视点,视点到投影平面的距离称为视距。
translate3d(x,y,z),translateZ(z)实现元素在三位空间的平移变换
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1{
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
border:1px solid black;
perspective: 600px;
}
#div2{
margin: 100px 0 0 100px;
width: 200px;height: 100px;
background-image:url(02.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:translateZ(0px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">
<div id="div2"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
按出F12
后,然后按键盘↑或↓对translateZ(0px)
进行数据内容的增减
然后就可以对透视变换的一种很直观的展现。
transform:rotateY(0deg) translateZ(0px);
分别对rotateY
和translateZ
进行数据内容的改变,这样会对透视变换有更加深刻的体会
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
width: 294px;
padding:10px 10px 20px 10px ;
border:1px solid #BFBFBF;
background-color:white ;
box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #aaa;
}
div.rotate_left{
float: left;
transform: rotate(7deg);
}
div.rotate_right{
float: left;
transform: rotate(-8deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="rotate_left">
<img src="01.jpg" width="284" height="213" >
<p>二刺螈</p>
</div>
<div class="rotate_right">
<img src="02.jpg" width="284" height="213" >
<p>二次元</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
过渡transition是元素从一种样式主键改变位另一种的效果
transition: width 2s;
-webkit-transition:width 2s;
transition:property duration timing-function delay
值 | 描述 |
---|---|
linear | 动画从头到尾的速度是相同的 |
ease | 默认。动画以低速开始,然后加快,在结束前变慢 |
ease-in | 动画以低速开始 |
ease-out | 动画以低速结束 |
ease-in-out | 动画以低速开始和结束 |
cubic-bezier(n,n,n,n) | 在cubic-bezier函数中自己的值。可能的值是从0到1的数值 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background:red;
transition: width 2s;
}
div:hover{
width: 400px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="hover">
过渡效果
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background:red;
transition: width 2s,height 2s,background-color 2s;
}
div:hover{
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background-color:#000000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="hover">
过渡效果
</div>
</body>
</html>
动画和过渡一样,是使元素从一种样式变化为另一种样式的效果。
CSS3中使用@keyframes
规则创建动画
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
@keyframes myfirst{
0% {
background-color: red;}
25% {
background-color: yellow;}
50% {
background-color: blue;}
100% {
background-color: green;}
}
div{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background:red;
animation: myfirst 10s;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="hover">
动画效果
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
@keyframes myfirst{
0% {
background-color: red;left:0px;top: 0px;}
25% {
background-color: yellow;left:200px;top: 0px;}
50% {
background-color: blue;left:200px;top: 200px;}
75% {
background-color: green;left:0px;top: 200px;}
100% {
background-color: red;left:0px;top: 0px;}
}
div{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color:red;
position: relative;/*因为div位置会发生变化*/
animation-name: myfirst;
animation-duration: 5s;
animation-timing-function:linear;
animation-delay: 2s;
animation-iteration-count: infinite;
animation-direction:alternate;
animation-play-state: running;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="hover">
动画效果
</div>
</body>
</html>
filter属性为元素添加可视效果(例如:模糊和饱和度)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
img{
width: 20%;
height: auto;
float: left;
}
.blur{
filter: blur(4px);}
.brightness{
filter: brightness(150%);}
.contrast{
filter: contrast(150%);}
.grayscale{
filter: grayscale(100%);}
.huerotate{
filter: hue-rotate(180deg);}
.invert{
filter: invert(100%);}
.opacity{
filter: opacity(90%);}
.saturate{
filter: saturate(5);}
.sepia{
filter: sepia(100%);}
.shadow{
filter: drop-shadow(5px 5px 5px gray);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="02.jpg">
<img class="blur" src="02.jpg">
<img class="brightness" src="02.jpg">
<img class="contrast" src="02.jpg">
<img class="grayscale" src="02.jpg">
<img class="huerotate" src="02.jpg">
<img class="invert" src="02.jpg">
<img class="opacity" src="02.jpg">
<img class="saturate" src="02.jpg">
<img class="sepia" src="02.jpg">
<img class="shadow" src="02.jpg">
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
ul{
list-style-type:none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
a:link,a:visited{
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
color: #FFFFFF;
background-color: #98bf21;
width:120px;
text-align: center;
padding:4px;
text-decoration: none;
text-transform: uppercase;
}
a:hover,a:active{
background-color:#7A991A;
}
li.fl{
float: left;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>垂直导航条</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">News</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="#">About</a></li>
</ul>
<p>水平导航条</p>
<ul>
<li class="fl"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="fl"><a href="#">News</a></li>
<li class="fl"><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
<li class="fl"><a href="#">About</a></li>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
ul{
list-style-type:none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #333;
}
li{
float: left;
}
li a, .dropbtn{
display: inline-block;/*即具有行内元素的特点,又具有块级元素可调节*/
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding:14px 16px;
text-decoration:none;
}
li a.active{
background-color: #98bf21;
}
li a:hover,.dropdown:hover .dropbtn{
background-color: #111;
}
.dropdown{
display: inline-block;
}
.dropdown-content{
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
min-width: 160px;
box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.dropdown-content a{
color: red;
padding: 12px 16px;
text-decoration:none;
display: block;
}
.dropdown-content a:hover{
background-color: #333;
}
.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content{
display: block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li><a class="active" href="#">主页</a></li>
<li><a href="#">新闻</a></li>
<div class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropbtn">下拉菜单</a>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a href="#">链接1</a>
<a href="#">链接2</a>
<a href="#">链接3</a>
</div>
</div>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
<style>
img{
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
</style>
基本语法:
@media not|only mediatype and(expressions){
CSS代码……;
}
例子:
@media screen and(min-width:480px){
body{
background-color:lightgreen;
}
}
在屏幕可是窗口尺寸大于480像素的设备上修改背景颜色
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div.img{
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
div.img:hover{
border:1px solid #777
}
div.img img{
width: 100%;
height:auto;
}
div.desc{
padding: 15px;
text-align: center;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.responsive{
padding:0 6px;
float: left;
width: 24.9%;
}
@media screen and (max-width:700px) {
.responsive{
width: 49.9%;
margin: 6px 0;
}
}
@media screen and (max-width:500px) {
.responsive{
width: 100%;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="responsive">
<div class="img">
<img src="02.jpg">
<div class="desc">二刺螈</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="responsive">
<div class="img">
<img src="01.jpg">
<div class="desc">二次元</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="responsive">
<div class="img">
<img src="03.jpg">
<div class="desc">二刺猿</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="responsive">
<div class="img">
<img src="04.jpg">
<div class="desc">二刺螈</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
这里所用到的图片需要同样大小,否则没用。。。。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
@keyframes run{
from {
left:0px;}
to {
left: -2400px;}
}
.wra{
position: relative;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.box{
position:absolute;
left: 0;
top:0 ;
width:2400px;
height:100px;
background-image: url(horse.png);
animation:run 1s steps(12, end) infinite;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wra">
<div class="box"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
animation:run 1s steps(12, end) infinite;
这里是steps而不是step
steps()是一个timing function,允许将动画或者过渡分割成段,而不是从一种状态持续到另一种状态
steps(<number_of_steps>,<direction>)
第一个参数是一个正值,指定动画分割的段数。第二个参数可选,接收start和end两个值,指定在每个间隔的起点或是终点发生阶跃变化,默认为end。start第一帧是动画结束的时候状态;end第一帧是动画开始的时候状态
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
@keyframes run{
from{
transform:rotateY(0deg);}
to{
transform: rotateY(360deg);}
}
:root,body{
height: 100%;
perspective: 1000px;
}
.wra{
position:absolute;
width:200px;
height:100px;
left: calc(50% - 100px);
top: calc(50% - 50px);
transform-style:preserve-3d;
animation:run 30s linear infinite;
}
.img{
position:absolute;
width:200px;
height:100px;
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(1){
background-image: url(01.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform: translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(2){
background-image: url(02.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform: rotateY(45deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(3){
background-image: url(03.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(4){
background-image: url(04.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:rotateY(135deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(5){
background-image: url(05.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:rotateY(180deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(6){
background-image: url(06.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:rotateY(225deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(7){
background-image: url(07.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:rotateY(270deg) translateZ(350px);
}
.img:nth-last-of-type(8){
background-image: url(08.jpg);
background-size: cover;
transform:rotateY(315deg) translateZ(350px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wra">
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
<div class="img"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
left: calc(50% - 100px);
top: calc(50% - 50px);
这里是居中图片,- 号左右都需要有空格,否则位置无效