剑指offer-面试题7-重建二叉树-python

一、题目描述

     输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果,请重建该二叉树

二、代码实现

    1.思路

        (1)首先可知前序遍历的顺序是根(跟节点)-左子树-右子树的顺序,那么列表中的第一个数即为根结点;

         (2)中序遍历的顺序是左-根-右的顺序,即可根据前序遍历的列表中根结点(第一个元素)的位置在中序遍历的列表中的位置来确定左右子树;可以通过递归的思路来重建二叉树

     2.代码

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
'''
binary_tree用来定义一个二叉树的类,return_head是根据初始列表的第一位来确定根结点
并通过forword_sort函数递归添加左右节点
'''
class binary_tree:
    def __init__(self, value, left=None, right=None):
        self.value = value
        self.left = left
        self.right = right

def forword_sort(root, forword, middle, pos):
    sub_tree = binary_tree(forword[0])
    if pos == 0:
        root.left = sub_tree
    if pos == 1:
        root.right = sub_tree
    index = middle.index(forword[0])
    if index != 0:
        forword_sort(sub_tree,forword[1:index+1], middle[:index], 0)
    if index != len(middle)-1:
        forword_sort(sub_tree, forword[index+1:], middle[index+1:], 1)

def return_head(forword, middle):
    root = binary_tree(forword[0])
    index = middle.index(forword[0])
    if index != 0:
        forword_sort(root, forword[1:index+1], middle[:index], 0)
    if index != len(middle)-1:
        forword_sort(root, forword[index+1:], middle[index+1:], 1)
    return root

def search_tree(head):
    if head is not None:
        print(head.value)
        search_tree(head.left)
        search_tree(head.right)

'''
根据下面前序遍历和中序遍历的列表来重构二叉树,并在最后用前序遍历的方式打印出树的所有节点
'''
if __name__=='__main__':
    forword_sort_lst=[1, 2, 4, 7, 3, 5, 6, 8]
    middle_sort_lst=[4,7,2,1,5,3,8,6]

    head = return_head(forword_sort_lst, middle_sort_lst)
    search_tree(head)

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