Day 20-- Part 1--VOCABULARY
→ “Classical music in America is dead.” Those words rang out across the Internet last week
1. rang out
[Definition] If a sound rings out, it can be heard loudly and clearly.
e.g: A single shot rang out.
→It was nothing we hadn't read before, but the timing of the latest obituary was particularly strange.
2. obituary： An obituary (obit for short) is a news article that reports the recent death of a person, typically along with an account of the person's life and information about the upcoming funeral. ［From Wikipedia］
【SYN】: death notice, eulogy, obit [informal]
A eulogy is a speech, usually at a funeral, in which a person who has just died is praised.
[obituary]：美国著名老牌死亡金属乐队obituary成军于1985年佛罗里达州的布兰登市。起初，乐队的名称是xecutioner。乐队先后录制了一张单曲，并以xecutioner的名义在合辑metal massacre中推出了两首曲子。之后，由于发现另外一支乐队也叫xecutioner，于是乐队决定改名为obituary（生死讣）。
【词组】：obituary notice n. 讣告
【拓展】： adj. 讣告的；死亡的 →deceased. n. 讣告 necrology
→New York City Opera folded last fall. But, a week before the Slate piece appeared, the Minnesota Orchestra emerged from a fifteen-month lockout crisis, and the day after publication the New York Philharmonic and Seattle Symphony announced energetic 2014-15 seasons.
3. folded v.
fold 是指不下注，认栽。一群人赌钱， 你要是fold了，你之前的下注全部输掉，等于被踢出局。【拓展】美国人写东西动词老是从赌博、棒球、跑马上来
business folds 生意垮了
all-in 就是押上全部身家， 豁出去的了意思，常常表达一个人很大的投入，全心全意不顾一切做一件事的心志和努力。
①if something such as a piece of furniture folds, or you fold it, you make it smaller or move it to a different position by bending it [家具]可折叠；折叠
e.g: The chairs fold flat for storage. 这些椅子可折起来存放。
②if an organization folds, it closes because it does not have enough money to continue [企业]倒闭，歇业
③ [ always + adv/prep] to cover something, especially by wrapping it in material or putting your hand over it 包，裹
e.g: a silver dagger folded in a piece of white cloth 裹在一块白布里的一把银匕首
collocation:
fold sth over/ under/down etc
fold (sth) away/up/down etc
fold sth in sth.
the fold (the group of people that you belong to and share the same beliefs and ideas as 同一群体的人，志同道合的人)
4.lockout
[Definition]: a situation when a company does not allow workers to go back to work, especially in a factory, until they accept the employers’ conditions 闭厂〔公司在工人接受工作条件前不让其返回工作场所的情况〕
e.g: Wade has stayed busy during the lockout, with tons of work-related travel and continually trying to build his business brand.
→So what brought on this latest spasm of morbidity?
5. spasm
[Definition] ①an occasion when your muscles suddenly become tight, causing you pain 痉挛，抽搐
e.g: Maggie felt a muscle spasm in her back. 玛吉觉得背部肌肉一阵抽搐。
②spasm of grief/laughter/coughing etc. a sudden strong feeling or reaction that you have for a short period of time
e.g: I felt a spasm of fear. 我感到一阵恐惧。
联想记忆: 掉入深坑(chasm)突发痉挛(spasm)
→ And why is the American media fixated on the supposedly imminent demise of classical music ?
6. Fixated adj.
[Definition] If you accuse someone of being fixated on a particular thing, you mean that they think about it to an extreme and excessive degree.
e.g: But by then the administration wasn't paying attention, for top officials were fixated on Kuwait.但在那之前，当局并没有特别注意，因为高层官员们都一心扑在科威特上。
7. imminent
[Definition] an event that is imminent, especially an unpleasant one, will happen very soon 〔尤指令人不快的事〕即将发生的，逼近的
imminent danger/threat/death/disaster
e.g: He was in imminent danger of dying. 他奄奄一息
【词型转换】 imminence n [U]
e.g: the imminence of the General Election 大选的临近
8. demise: termination of existence or operation
e.g: ...the demise of the reform movement. …改良运动的告终。
→This timeline shows just how long the “crisis” in classical music has lasted, and just how superfluous it is to declare 2014 the year the art form kicked the bucket.
9. superfluous
【Definition】Something that is superfluous is unnecessary or is no longer needed. 多余的
e.g: My presence at the afternoon's proceedings was superfluous. 我在下午的活动中的出席是多余的。
10. kicked the bucket
To kick the bucket is an English idiom, considered a euphemistic, informal, or slang term meaning 'to die'.[1] Its origin remains unclear, though there have been several theories.［from wiki］
euphemistic: adj. uses polite, pleasant, or neutral words and expressions to refer to things that people may find unpleasant, upsetting, or embarrassing to talk about, for example, sex, the human body, or death. 委婉的
→ Instead, classical-music concern-trolls toss poorly aimed barbs .
11.-troll 原意：小鬼 引申意：网络水军
concern troll： （Internet slang）someone who posts to an internet forum or newsgroup, claiming to share its goals while deliberately working against those goals, typically, by claiming concern about group plans to engage in productive activity, urging members instead to attempt some activity that would damage the group's credibility, or alternatively to give up on group projects entirely.
12. barbs n.
①N-COUNT A barb is a sharp curved point near the end of an arrow or a fish hook that makes it difficult to pull out. (箭头或鱼钩上的)倒钩
②N-COUNT A barb is an unkind remark meant as a criticism of someone or something. 讽刺; 伤人的话或事
e.g: The barb stung her exactly the way he hoped it would. 他的讽刺如期伤到了她。
→There seems to be a deeper savagery at work, one that maniacally insists that a functioning industry reflect on itself, as though orchestra managers and opera intendants were oblivious to their own problems.
13. savagery
[Definition] extremely cruel and violent behaviour 野蛮，残暴（行为）
e.g: Local people were shocked by the savagery of the attack. 当地人为这次凶残的袭击感到震惊。
14. maniacally adv.
[Definition] in a maniacal manner or to a maniacal degree
e.g: he was maniacally obsessed with jealousy
[拓展]: Maniac n.
[Definition] ①someone who behaves in a stupid or dangerous way informal 举止愚蠢[危险]的人，疯子
[SYN] lunatic 【非正式】
e.g: He drove like a maniac to the hospital. 他像个疯子似的开车去医院。
②religious/sex maniac
[Definition] someone who you think is too involved or interested in religion or sex informal 宗教狂/性欲狂
[SYN] freak 【非正式】
e.g: The woman’s a sex maniac if you ask me. 要我说，那个女人是性欲狂。
→It’s also not an industry full of naïve devotees without business acumen.
15.Acumen n.
【Definition】the ability to think quickly and make good judgments 敏锐，聪明，机智
•Collocation: business/political/financial etc acumen
e.g: The firm’s success is largely due to Brannon’s commercial acumen. 该公司的成功主要归功于布兰农的商业头脑。
近义词: astuteness, caginess (also cageyness ), canniness, foxiness, hardheadedness, intelligence, keenness
（拓展）： cagey adj.
【definition】.If you say that someone is being cagey about something, you mean that you think they are deliberately not giving you much information or expressing an opinion about it. 遮遮掩掩的
e.g : He is cagey about what he was paid for the business. 他遮遮掩掩的，不愿说出在这桩生意中挣了多少。
→ Vanhoenacker cites scenes from the sitcom “ Modern Family” to demonstrate classical music’s recent split from popular culture.
16. Sitcom n.
situation comedy: a funny television programme in which the same characters appear in different situations each week 〔每周播出一集的〕情景喜剧
e.g: Chinese sitcom Family with Sons and Daughters and American sitcom Growing Pains are chosen to build up a corpus with 765 parental criticisms.
→ Why not interview members of the local orchestra and find out how real people make careers in a purportedly comatose industry?
17. comatose
【Definition】
①Being in a state of a coma, or being unconscious［医学］
② A person who is comatose is in a deep sleep, usually because they are tired or have drunk too much alcohol. 昏睡的 [ 非正式的］
e.g: The right side of my brain had been so severely bruised that I was comatose for a month. 我右侧的大脑受了重创，以致我一个月都昏迷不醒。
【拓展】coma: in a state of deep unconsciousness
e.g: Large doses can cause coma and anesthesia. 大剂量可引起昏迷和麻醉。
in a coma 陷于昏迷
→ What supports these jeremiads is the implicit idea that classical music is an aberration in the United States, something to be regarded with suspicion.
18. jeremiads
A jeremiad is a long literary work, usually in prose, but sometimes in verse, in which the author bitterly laments the state of society and its morals in a serious tone of sustained invective, and always contains a prophecy of society's imminent downfall.{from wiki}
e.g: Now it gives rise to jeremiads. 现在，这只会引发悲叹。
19. aberration
An aberration is something that deviates from the normal way.
e.g: It became very clear that the incident was not just an aberration; it was not just a single incident.
已经很明确这次事件并不仅仅是一次失常，也不只是一个单独的事件。
Day 21 思维导图
Day 22 总结与反思
1. 逻辑导图
这次做的思维导图利用惯性思维，沿用一个中心向外扩散的模式，然而对比Annie的导图之后，用列表法，将作者一点一点的反驳都罗列出来，更加清晰，虽然，我们列出来的反驳点都有，可是我的图就失去了一步步推进的过程，显得没头没尾。其次，与Annie的图对比过后，我在描述lack of evidence 的时候，少了更进一步的细分，没有将business, culture, class.三者单独拎出来写，这就会让看的人觉得很模糊，没有一个总得概念与结构。
第二次修改了导图之后，我采用列表法，发现其实可以把文章分段，来分析作者是如何一步步展开辩论，然后也把之前漏掉的concession 补充了上去。下面供上Annie的导图٩( 'ω' )و
总结，这篇音乐类的文章并没有讲太多音乐上的术语，作者用十分浅显，并十分幽默的话语来一步步推翻古典音乐并没有灭亡。看的很让人觉得满足，加之他缜密的逻辑，更觉得心服口服，这也有很多值得学习借鉴的地方。
写作借鉴: 举例子，反讽，展开面丰富。
另外，我们可以想想古典音乐在我们生活中的价值。古典音乐是否还有价值?
作者休伊特坚信，古典音乐在未来仍然能够岿然不动，因为它的内涵“深度”无可替代，它是“西方精粹”的结晶，它以理性、民主和传统为基石。在书的最后，他终于开出自认能够医治古典音乐病症的三剂良药：第一，为了诊治二十世纪现代音乐创作背离传统而造成的“体质虚弱”症，音乐必须和自身的过去／传统发生更加紧密、更加深刻的关联，这是“恢复它完整生命的实质性一步”；第二，为了摆脱严肃音乐长期以来与当下时代隔阂所产生的“乏力贫血”症，音乐应该努力“与时代合拍”，不仅与“本土音乐”进行沟通，而且也与当代的形式、技术与生活发生联系，由此才能“获得实在的生命力”；第三，为了纠正当下的艺术音乐因缺少听众参与而带来的“消极被动”症，普通民众应以更加积极的姿态参与到音乐实践中“，只要人们借助手指和喉咙来感受音乐……当歌唱和演奏确乎成为生活的一部分时，人们将真正懂得如何聆听音乐……音乐才能复苏为一种‘具备抵抗力的材质’”。