linux-->用户管理

练习题1(通配符使用):

1. 在root用户家目录创建目录bbs, blog；

[root@westos ~]# mkdir ~/{bbs,blog}

[root@westos ~]# ls ~

anaconda-ks.cfg core.2104  Downloads             Pictures   Videos

bbs             Desktop   initial-setup-ks.cfg  Public

blog            Documents  Music                 Templates

2. bbs目录中创建10个文件code{1..10}.java;

[root@westos ~]# touch ~/bbs/code{1..10}.java

[root@westos ~]# ls ~/bbs/

code10.java code2.java  code4.java  code6.java code8.java

code1.java  code3.java  code5.java  code7.java code9.java

3. blog目录中创建5个python脚本, linux{a..f}.py;

[root@westos ~]# touch ~/blog/linux{a..f}.py

[root@westos ~]# ls ~/blog/

linuxa.py linuxb.py  linuxc.py  linuxd.py linuxe.py  linuxf.py

4. 切换目录到bbs目录中， 复制/etc/passwd到当前目录；

[root@westos ~]# cd ~/bbs/

[root@westos bbs]# cp /etc/passwd /root/bbs/

[root@westos bbs]# ls /root/bbs/

code10.java code2.java  code4.java  code6.java code8.java  passwd

code1.java  code3.java  code5.java  code7.java code9.java

5. 复制/etc/group文件到当前目录之前所在的目录;

[root@westos bbs]# cd -

/root

[root@westos ~]# cp /etc/group ~

6. 移动以.py结尾的所有脚本文件到student用户的家目录中;

[root@westos ~]# mv ~/blog/*.py ~student/

[student@westos ~]$ ls ~

linuxa.py linuxb.py  linuxc.py  linuxd.py linuxe.py  linuxf.py

    7. 删除bbs目录中所有以code1开头的java文件;

        [root@westos~]# rm -f ~/bbs/code1*.java

　　[root@westos ~]# ls ~/bbs/

　　code2.java code4.java  code6.java  code8.java passwd

　　code3.java code5.java  code7.java  code9.java

 

 

 

练习2(重定向):

1. student用户身份执行find /etc/ -name passwd;

[student@westos ~]$ find /etc/ -name passwd

find: ‘/etc/pki/CA/private’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/pki/rsyslog’: Permission denied

/etc/pam.d/passwd

find: ‘/etc/grub.d’: Permission denied

/etc/passwd

find: ‘/etc/cups/ssl’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/dhcp’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/lvm/archive’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/lvm/backup’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/lvm/cache’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/selinux/targeted/active’: Permissiondenied

find: ‘/etc/selinux/final’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/polkit-1/rules.d’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/polkit-1/localauthority’: Permissiondenied

find: ‘/etc/firewalld’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/redhat-access-insights’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/audisp’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/audit’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/ipsec.d’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/vmware-tools/GuestProxyData/trusted’:Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/libvirt’: Permission denied

find: ‘/etc/sudoers.d’: Permission denied

2. 将命令的正确输出保存在文件/tmp/findOk文件中;

[student@westos ~]$ find /etc/ -name passwd1>/tmp/findOk

3. 将命令的错误输出保存在文件/tmp/findErr文件中;

[student@westos ~]$ find /etc/ -name passwd2>/tmp/findErr

/etc/pam.d/passwd

/etc/passwd

4. 将命令的所有输出放入垃圾箱(/dev/null)中;

[student@westos ~]$ find /etc/ -name passwd2>/dev/null

[student@westos ~]$ find /etc/ -name passwd>/dev/null

5. 追加【年-月-日】到文件/tmp/findOk中;

[root@westos ~]# date +%F >>/tmp/findOk

[root@westos ~]# cat /tmp/findOk

/etc/pam.d/passwd

/etc/passwd

2018-02-03

 

 

 

 

 

练习3(用户管理):

1. 新建用户redhat，用户说明为“redhat User”，

[root@westos ~]# usermod -c "redhat User"redhat

2. 并设置redhat密码为redhat，该用户首次登陆需修改密码。

[root@westos ~]# passwd redhat

Changing password for user redhat.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully.

[root@westos ~]#

    3、给redhat用户授权，可创建用户;

    [root@westos~]# vim /etc/sudoers

　　[root@westos ~]# su -l redhat

　　Last login: Sat Feb 3 16:09:31 GMT 2018 on pts/0

　　[redhat@westos ~]$ useradd westos

    4. redhat用户身份新建用户westos，指定uid=1008，gid=1008，但不能删除westos用户。

    [root@localhostDesktop]# vim /etc/sudoers

配置文件信息:

## Allow redhat to run useradd anywhere

redhat ALL=(root)    /usr/sbin/useradd

创建westos用户:

[root@localhost Desktop]# su -l redhat

Last login: Sun Feb 4 01:34:26 GMT 2018 on pts/2

[redhat@localhost ~]$ sudo useradd westos

 

We trust you have received the usual lecture from thelocal System

Administrator. It usually boils down to these threethings:

 

    #1) Respectthe privacy of others.

    #2) Thinkbefore you type.

    #3) Withgreat power comes great responsibility.

 

[sudo] password for redhat:

显示westos用户:

[root@localhost ~]# usermod -u 1008 westos

[root@localhost ~]# usermod -g 1008 westos

[root@localhost ~]# id westos

uid=1008(westos) gid=1008(redhat) groups=1008(redhat)