在Windows Mobile和Wince(Windows Embedded CE)下如何使用.NET Compact Framework开发进程管理程序

在.NET Compact Framework 的进程管理需要调用win32的API，也就是P/Invoke，在msnd上提供了这一P/Invoke的源代码, Creating a Microsoft .NET Compact Framework-based Process Manager Application,由于在技术交流群里有不同的人问同样的问题，因此打算写一下。

Win32 API

关键的API 如下：

　　　private   const   int  TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS  =   0x00000002 ;
        [DllImport( " toolhelp.dll " )]
         public   static   extern  IntPtr CreateToolhelp32Snapshot( uint  flags,  uint  processid);
        [DllImport( " toolhelp.dll " )]
         public   static   extern   int  CloseToolhelp32Snapshot(IntPtr handle);
        [DllImport( " toolhelp.dll " )]
         public   static   extern   int  Process32First(IntPtr handle,  byte [] pe);
        [DllImport( " toolhelp.dll " )]
         public   static   extern   int  Process32Next(IntPtr handle,  byte [] pe);
        [DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
         private   static   extern  IntPtr OpenProcess( int  flags,  bool  fInherit,  int  PID);
         private   const   int  PROCESS_TERMINATE  =   1 ;
        [DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
         private   static   extern   bool  TerminateProcess(IntPtr hProcess,  uint  ExitCode);
        [DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
         private   static   extern   bool  CloseHandle(IntPtr handle);
         private   const   int  INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE  =   - 1 ;

调用上面的API就能就能轮询出所有的进程，可以杀死指定进程了。

 

Structures

调用这些API需要下面的结构体 PROCESSENTRY32,结构体的转换是P/Invoke里面最难的部分，我曾经写过一篇这样的文章（.NET Compact Framework 下Win32 API P/Invoke 的使用），还是有很多需要学习和改进的地方，欢迎指教。

 

PROCESSENTRY32 implementation
#region PROCESSENTRY32 implementation

//        typedef struct tagPROCESSENTRY32 
//        { 
//            DWORD dwSize; 
//            DWORD cntUsage; 
//            DWORD th32ProcessID; 
//            DWORD th32DefaultHeapID; 
//            DWORD th32ModuleID; 
//            DWORD cntThreads; 
//            DWORD th32ParentProcessID; 
//            LONG pcPriClassBase; 
//            DWORD dwFlags; 
//            TCHAR szExeFile[MAX_PATH]; 
//            DWORD th32MemoryBase;
//            DWORD th32AccessKey;
//        } PROCESSENTRY32;

        private class PROCESSENTRY32
        {
            // constants for structure definition
            private const int SizeOffset = 0;
            private const int UsageOffset = 4;
            private const int ProcessIDOffset=8;
            private const int DefaultHeapIDOffset = 12;
            private const int ModuleIDOffset = 16;
            private const int ThreadsOffset = 20;
            private const int ParentProcessIDOffset = 24;
            private const int PriClassBaseOffset = 28;
            private const int dwFlagsOffset = 32;
            private const int ExeFileOffset = 36;
            private const int MemoryBaseOffset = 556;
            private const int AccessKeyOffset = 560;
            private const int Size = 564;
            private const int MAX_PATH = 260;

            // data members
            public uint dwSize; 
            public uint cntUsage; 
            public uint th32ProcessID; 
            public uint th32DefaultHeapID; 
            public uint th32ModuleID; 
            public uint cntThreads; 
            public uint th32ParentProcessID; 
            public long pcPriClassBase; 
            public uint dwFlags; 
            public string szExeFile;
            public uint th32MemoryBase;
            public uint th32AccessKey;
        
            //Default constructor
            public PROCESSENTRY32()
            {


            }

            // create a PROCESSENTRY instance based on a byte array        
            public PROCESSENTRY32(byte[] aData)
            {
                dwSize = GetUInt(aData, SizeOffset);
                cntUsage = GetUInt(aData, UsageOffset);
                th32ProcessID = GetUInt(aData, ProcessIDOffset);
                th32DefaultHeapID = GetUInt(aData, DefaultHeapIDOffset);
                th32ModuleID = GetUInt(aData, ModuleIDOffset);
                cntThreads = GetUInt(aData, ThreadsOffset);
                th32ParentProcessID = GetUInt(aData, ParentProcessIDOffset);
                pcPriClassBase = (long) GetUInt(aData, PriClassBaseOffset);
                dwFlags = GetUInt(aData, dwFlagsOffset);
                szExeFile = GetString(aData, ExeFileOffset, MAX_PATH);
                th32MemoryBase = GetUInt(aData, MemoryBaseOffset);
                th32AccessKey = GetUInt(aData, AccessKeyOffset);
            }

            #region Helper conversion functions
            // utility:  get a uint from the byte array
            private static uint GetUInt(byte[] aData, int Offset)
            {
                return BitConverter.ToUInt32(aData, Offset);
            }
        
            // utility:  set a uint int the byte array
            private static void SetUInt(byte[] aData, int Offset, int Value)
            {
                byte[] buint = BitConverter.GetBytes(Value);
                Buffer.BlockCopy(buint, 0, aData, Offset, buint.Length);
            }

            // utility:  get a ushort from the byte array
            private static ushort GetUShort(byte[] aData, int Offset)
            {
                return BitConverter.ToUInt16(aData, Offset);
            }
        
            // utility:  set a ushort int the byte array
            private static void SetUShort(byte[] aData, int Offset, int Value)
            {
                byte[] bushort = BitConverter.GetBytes((short)Value);
                Buffer.BlockCopy(bushort, 0, aData, Offset, bushort.Length);
            }
        
            // utility:  get a unicode string from the byte array
            private static string GetString(byte[] aData, int Offset, int Length)
            {
                String sReturn =  Encoding.Unicode.GetString(aData, Offset, Length);
                return sReturn;
            }
        
            // utility:  set a unicode string in the byte array
            private static void SetString(byte[] aData, int Offset, string Value)
            {
                byte[] arr = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Value);
                Buffer.BlockCopy(arr, 0, aData, Offset, arr.Length);
            }
            #endregion

            // create an initialized data array
            public byte[] ToByteArray()
            {
                byte[] aData;
                aData = new byte[Size];
                //set the Size member
                SetUInt(aData, SizeOffset, Size);
                return aData;
            }

            public string Name
            {
                get
                {
                    return szExeFile.Substring(0, szExeFile.IndexOf('\0'));
                }
            }

            public ulong PID
            {
                get
                {
                    return th32ProcessID;
                }
            }

            public ulong BaseAddress
            {
                get
                {
                    return th32MemoryBase;
                }
            }

            public ulong ThreadCount
            {
                get
                {
                    return cntThreads;
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

Wrapped Class

 

Process class
#region Process class
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for Process.
    /// </summary>
    public class Process
    {
        private string processName;
        private IntPtr handle;
        private int threadCount;
        private int baseAddress;

        
        //default constructor
        public Process()
        {
            
        }

        private Process(IntPtr id, string procname, int threadcount, int baseaddress)
        {    
            handle = id;
            processName = procname;
            threadCount = threadcount;
            baseAddress = baseaddress;
        }

        //ToString implementation for ListBox binding
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return processName;
        }

        public int BaseAddress
        {
            get
            {
                return baseAddress;
            }
        }

        public int ThreadCount
        {
            get
            {
                return threadCount;
            }
        }

        public IntPtr Handle
        {
            get
            {
                return handle;
            }
        }

        public string ProcessName
        {
            get
            {
                return processName;
            }
        }

        public int BaseAddess
        {
            get
            {
                return baseAddress;
            }
        }


        public void Kill()
        {
            IntPtr hProcess;
        
            hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, false, (int) handle);

            if(hProcess != (IntPtr) INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 
            {
                bool bRet;
                bRet = TerminateProcess(hProcess, 0);
                CloseHandle(hProcess);
            }
            

        }

        public static Process[] GetProcesses()
        {
            ArrayList procList = new ArrayList();

            IntPtr handle = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);

            if ((int)handle > 0)
            {
                try
                {
                    PROCESSENTRY32 peCurrent;
                    PROCESSENTRY32 pe32 = new PROCESSENTRY32();
                    //Get byte array to pass to the API calls
                    byte[] peBytes = pe32.ToByteArray();
                    //Get the first process
                    int retval = Process32First(handle, peBytes);

                    while(retval == 1)
                    {
                        //Convert bytes to the class
                        peCurrent = new PROCESSENTRY32(peBytes);
                        //New instance
                        Process proc = new Process(new IntPtr((int)peCurrent.PID), peCurrent.Name, (int)peCurrent.ThreadCount, (int)peCurrent.BaseAddress);
            
                        procList.Add(proc);

                        retval = Process32Next(handle, peBytes);
                    }
                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception("Exception: " + ex.Message);
                }
                
                //Close handle
                CloseToolhelp32Snapshot(handle); 
                
                return (Process[])procList.ToArray(typeof(Process));

            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception("Unable to create snapshot");
            }


        }

        #endregion

 

Client

 

static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
             if  (args.Length  ==   0 )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( " Please enter the process name. " );
                 return ;
            }
             string  processName  =  args[ 0 ].ToUpper()  +   " .EXE " ;
            
            Process[] processes  =  Process.GetProcesses();
             foreach  (Process proc  in  processes)
            {
                 if  (proc.ProcessName.ToUpper()  ==  processName)
                {
                    proc.Kill();
                    Console.WriteLine( " {0} was killed. " , processName);
                     break ;
                }
            }
        }

这是一个简单的杀进程例子，要取出进程信息，读Process 的attribute就可以了，十分简单。

 

参考文献

Creating a Microsoft .NET Compact Framework-based Process Manager Application

上述代码来源于msnd，msnd的源代码