杨霖演讲实录∣从模块化架构到跨链生态，NULS这一年下了一盘怎么样的棋

9月11日，NULS韩国大型交流会在首尔CONRAD酒店隆重举行，NULS核心团队CEO Liesa Huang、NULS核心代码贡献者杨霖、NULS社区运营负责人冉小波、NULS韩国地区代表Isaac Kim，以及NULS韩国顾问Andy Chae出席了会议。此次交流会由韩国电视台KBS知名主持人Kim Ji Hyo主持，会议内容包括了主题为【“造链专家”——NULS的跨链与价值流通解决方案】的分享，以及HENA、JYA、VICS和PRISM等计划搭建在NULS生态上的项目的介绍。此外，NULS生态项目Superlinks也派代表出席了本次会议。

下面是NUL核心代码贡献者杨霖9月11日在NULS韩国交流会的演讲实录。
NULS Core Developer Yang Lin’s speech at NULS Korea Conference on Sept 11th.

大家好，我是NULS核心开发杨霖。很高兴今天有机会和大家分享一些NULS的技术想法。我今天要分享的主题是“造链专家”————NULS的跨链与价值流通解决方案。
Hello everyone. I am Yang Lin, the core developer of NULS. I am very glad to have the opportunity to share some of the technical ideas of NULS. The topic that I want to share today is “chain-building expert: NULS’s solution for cross-chain and value circulation”.

NULS是一个从去年9月建立的全球开源项目，主网于今年7月正式上线，目前已经上线了20多家交易所，也会在今年登陆韩国交易所。目前NULS也有多家合作伙伴，包括今天与我们联合主办的HENA、JYA、VICS。我们正在构建一个全球化的运营体系，核心团队已经有全球5大地区和国家的50位小伙伴加入，其中程序员开发小伙伴有超过25位。
NULS is a global open-source project established in September, 2017. The main-net was officially launched in July, 2018. NULS has already been listed on more than 20 exchanges and will also be listed on a Korean Exchange this year. At the present, NULS also has a number of partners, including HERA, JYA, and VICS who are jointly sponsoring with us today. We are building a global operating system. The core team has had 50 members in five different countries, and there are more than 25 programmers in it.

进入分享主题NULS————“造链专家”。说起造链，先分析一下我们的现状。在过去的一年多时间里，有超过30家企业和个人找到我们，要求我们为其开发一条他们自己的链，当然基本上都被我们拒绝了，因为我们清楚的认识到，链的需求增长将迎来爆发式的增长，我们力求于解决更多人的需求。当前的企业要拥有一条自己的区块链，其路径是组建一支技术团队，自己开发或者二次开发一套区块链底层系统，或者寻求专业的区块链团队进行技术外包。无疑会面临区块链人才难招、成本高昂、周期长、开发的底层有漏洞导致风险巨大的困境；我们NULS团队提出的解决方案是，底层直接使用专业的区块链公司开发的组建，企业专注于开发自己应用层的业务逻辑。因为企业基本都有自己的技术团队，其技术团队不需要关注区块链底层的实现逻辑，全身心的投入区块链上层应用的创新。
Let’s start to talk about NULS, the chain-building expert. Speaking of chain building, let’s first analyze our current situation. In the past year or so, more than 30 companies and individuals reached us and asked if we can develop a blockchain of their own. We refused almost all of them, because we clearly understand that the growth of demand for the blockchain will usher in explosive growth, and we strive to solve the needs of more people. To have its own blockchain, the current enterprise has to form a technical team to develop or redevelop a blockchain underlying system, or seek a professional blockchain team for technology outsourcing. Undoubtedly, it will face difficulties in hiring blockchain talents, high cost, long cycle, and the underlying vulnerability of the development, which leads to huge risks. The solution proposed by our NULS team is that the base layer is directly developed by the professional blockchain company, and the enterprise focuses on developing the business logic of its own application layer. The enterprise certainly has its own technical team, and it doesn’t need to pay close attention to the implementation logic of the base-layer blockchain but fully contributes to the innovation of the upper layer of the blockchain application.

我认为，随着区块链行业的逐渐成熟与细分，分工方式将进入区块链领域的垂直分工阶段。何谓区块链领域的垂直分工，我们回顾一下，最初的软件和互联网产品是一个怎么样的开发流程；在ASP时代，一个程序员承担了数据库设计，网站后台开发，网页前端开发等所有角色，后来进化到了互联网的垂直分工时代，产生了DBA、后端开发、前端开发、测试、产品、UI设计等岗位。同样的，进入区块链垂直分工时代时，会产生加密算法、共识算法、分布式存储、P2P网络等区块链底层专业岗位，区块链之上会产生区块链产品经理、DAPP业务开发等应用层的专业岗位。NULS的模块化架构，将推动区块链行业提前进入垂直分工时代。
I believe that with the gradual maturity and subdivision of the blockchain industry, we will enter the vertical division of labor in the blockchain field. What is the vertical division of labor in blockchain? Let’s review how the original software and Internet products were developed. In the ASP era, a programmer undertook all the roles of database design, website back-end development, web front-end development, etc. Later in the vertical division of labor in the Internet, DBA, back-end developer, front-end developer, tester, product manager, UI designer and other positions are generated. Similarly, when entering the era of vertical division of labor in the blockchain, it will generate the base-level professional positions in areas such encryption algorithms, consensus algorithms, distributed storage, and P2P networks. Above the base-level blockchain, there will be professional positions in the application layer such as blockchain product manager and DAPP business developer. The modular architecture of NULS will push the blockchain industry into the era of vertical division of labor in advance.

可能大家对NULS印象最深的就是NULS的模块化架构。的确模块是NULS整个生态中最基础的部分。我们的目标是建立一个涵盖80%区块链底层技术的区块链模块仓库，方便开发者直接利用模块仓库开发更多创新的功能。目前NULS团队正在构建一个全新的NULS架构，新的架构将使NULS的模块能独立运行，模块之间低耦合的利用标准定义的接口进行交互。届时开发者将不再受限于区块链系统本身所使用的开发语言，任何开发者，只需遵守NULS模块的标准，既可使用自己擅长的开发语言，开发自己所需的功能模块，为NULS的模块仓库提供更多的基础模块和业务模块。
According to many, perhaps the most impressive thing about NULS is the modular architecture. Indeed, modules are the most fundamental part of the entire NULS ecology. Our goal is to create a blockchain module repository that covers 80% of technologies in the blockchain field, making it easy for developers to develop more innovative features. The NULS team is currently building a new NULS architecture that will allow NULS modules to run independently, with low-coupling among modules interacting with defined standard interfaces. Developers will no longer be limited by the programming language used by the blockchain system itself. Any developer who follows the standards of NULS modules can develop his/her own functional module by using language he/she is most familiar with, which will provide more basic modules and business modules for NULS module repository.

基于模块仓库，NULS会在今年推出一款杀手级的造链产品“链工厂”。如果开发者很清楚自己开发的链的参数，比如共识机制、代币总量等配置，我们希望做到4个步骤，可以让一个对区块链底层不甚了解的开发者，几分钟内拥有一条自己的公链（当然开发联盟链和私链也是可以的）。第一步选择自己所需要的模块，第二步配置系统参数，第三步下载系统完整的运行包，第四步部署系统。开发者只需要在模块仓库中选择自己需要的模块，进行参数配置后就可以构架一条初始的区块链。我们也会提供运行初始节点的服务供开发者选择，极大的剪短了目前公链开发少则半年多则1年的耗时。
Based on the module repository, NULS will launch the flagship product of “Chain Factory” this year. If the developer fully understands the parameters of the chain he is developing, such as the consensus mechanism and the total amount of tokens, we hope by these four steps such developer with little knowledge of base-layer blockchain can have his own public chain in a few minutes (of course, it is possible to develop a consortium chain or a private chain). The first step is to select the modules needed; the second step is to configure the system parameters; the third step is to download the complete operation package of the system; the fourth step is to deploy the system. Developers only need to select the modules they need in the module repository and build the initial blockchain after parameter configuration. We will also provide services to operate initial node for the developers, which will greatly shorten the current development life cycle on public chain for half a year to one year.

NULS“链工厂”四步搭链
选择所需模块>配置系统参数>获得系统完整的运行包>部署系统

并且使用链工厂开发的链是高度可定制的，可以选择自己的加密算法，共识模块，存储机制等。我们也会鼓励技术社区和合作伙伴贡献更多基础模块和行业标准业务模块加入模块仓库，极大减少行业的资源浪费。因为使用链工厂开发的链的基础就是NULS这条链，NULS网络的任何迭代更新都会被链工厂同步，这样链的资产安全，系统安全风险也大大降低了。
Also, the chain developed by the Chain Factory is quite customized. You can choose your own encryption algorithm, consensus module, storage method, etc. We also encourage technical community and partners to contribute more basic modules and industry-standard business modules to the module repository, thus greatly reducing the waste of resources in the industry. Chains developed by the Chain Factory is based on the NULS main chain. All the iterative updates of the NULS network are synchronized by the Chain Factory, so that the chain’s asset security and system security risks are greatly reduced.

在使用链工厂搭建区块链的时候，每条链都可以选择跨链模块。因为所有配搭跨链模块的链，只要在NULS生态下的卫星链中登记，就可以在NULS生态下任一配搭跨链模块的链进行资产交互流通，形成一个真正的资产流通的强相关的大生态。
When building a blockchain using Chain Factory, each chain can choose a cross-chain module. As long as they are registered in the satellite-chain of NULS, all the chains can execute asset exchange and circulation activities with any chain deploying cross-chain module under the NULS ecology, thus forming a powerful ecological relationship with strong asset circulation.

模块>模块仓库>链工厂>跨链生态

NULS跨链解决方案的核心在于卫星链，顾名思义，卫星充当的是通信连接信号中转的作用，卫星链充当类似的角色，连接各个链和价值中转的桥梁；利用NULS链工厂搭建的链，配合跨链模块即可实现与卫星链连接，价值在任意链中流转；同时NULS也会和比特币，BCH，以太坊利用跨链协议转换器进行跨链交互，让NULS生态，从技术上形成海纳百川的开放生态基础。
The core of the NULS cross-chain solution lies in the satellite-chain. As the name implies, the satellite is a relay for communication connection signals. The satellite-chain acts a similar role, connecting various chains and bridges for value exchange; chains built by the NULS Chain Factory can be connected to the satellite-chain using the cross-chain module, and the value flows in any chain; at the same time, NULS will also interact with Bitcoin, BCH and Ethereum using cross-chain protocol converters to technologically make the NULS ecology form an open ecological foundation.

从2017年9月提出的模块化构架，到今天和大家分享的跨链价值流通生态的想法，NULS这一年来始终始终坚持初心，不管这个行业如何嘈杂，始终坚持探索一条帮助更多人最简单使用区块链的道路。正是小伙伴一直在突破各个难点，才有了从模块到模块仓库，从模块仓库到链工厂这样的产品推进。正是我们一直坚持生态的开放性，所以才会有跨链价值流通生态的解决方案。虽然我是一名开发，但是我一直认为区块链就是一个价值主导的世界。你坚持的是什么，你的技术解决方案都会透露出你的坚持。我从2016年开始就选择在区块链这样行业深耕，因为我相信世界需要区块链，我们核心团队的小伙伴也都坚信一个和区块链高度结合的世界是一个更美好的世界，如果我们所做的能让世界更了解区块链，我觉得我们所有通宵熬夜写的代码都是值得的。非常感谢大家，感谢Isaac组织了这么好的大会。感谢HENA JYA VICS PRISM SUPERLINKS选择在NULS上搭建自己的区块链项目。我为自己是NULS的一员感到骄傲。
From the modular architecture proposed in September 2017 to the idea of cross-chain value circulation ecology that I shared with you today, NULS has always insisted on its original vision. No matter how dissonant the industry has become, NULS always sticks to a path that helps more people use blockchain in the easiest way. The team members have been breaking through the difficulties, and have made the progress from single module to module repository, and from module repository to Chain Factory. We have always adhered to the openness of the ecology, so we have proposed a solution for the cross-chain value circulation ecology. Although I am a developer, I always think that the blockchain is a world led by the value. Your technical solution will reveal what you insist on. I have chosen to work in the blockchain industry since 2016, because I believe the world needs blockchain. Our core team members are also convinced that a world that is highly integrated with the blockchain will be a better world. If what we do makes the world understand the blockchain a little more, I think all our efforts to work overnight are worthwhile. Thank you very much. Thank you, Isaac, for organizing such a wonderful conference. Thank HINA, JYA, VICS, PRISM and SUPERLINKS for choosing to build your own blockchain project on NULS. I am proud of being a member of NULS.

杨霖对大家最关心的两个问题进行了详细解答

Q1：为什么NULS要全力做好链工厂？
Why does NULS want to develop Chain Factory with all its strength?

杨霖：这个要从NULS最初的愿景说起，NULS的愿景就是让区块链更简单，所以要实现这个愿景，NULS提出了模块化和多链并行这两个概念。模块化解决的是需求问题，多链并行解决的是实用性的问题。细化的说就是，通过模块化架构，丰富去中心化的功能和应用场景，让更多有需要的人能够直接使用成熟的区块链底层功能，在有需要的时候能够直接获取而不是自己从头开发；多链并行解决的是区块链不能商用的效率问题，通过多链把多个应用拆分成多条独立的链运行，甚至把一个应用下的多个业务场景拆分成多条链同时运行，以达到真正能够商用的目的。基于这两个核心概念之上，就衍生出了进一步的需求，多个模块形成一个功能非常丰富的模块仓库，最终面向广大用户的时候，怎么产品化让用户使用起来更方便；多条链相互之间的交互，形成了跨链协议的需求；总结起来就是，NULS要全力做好链工厂，其原因是秉承NULS初心，让区块链更简单，让区块链尽早地进入人们的生活之中，这是我们一直坚持的方向；我相信这是对的方向，我们每一天的努力，都朝着这个方向在迈进。

Yang: We need to go back to NULS’s initial vision, which is to make blockchain simpler. In order to achieve this vision, NULS has came up with the concepts of modularization and multi-chain mechanism. Modularization solves the problems of requirements while multi-chain mechanism focuses on things more pratical. More precisely, modular design enriches the functions and application scenarios of decentralization, allowing people with demands to access mature base-level blockchain technology and utilize it directly instead of developing from scratch. Multi-chain mechanism solves the problem of blockchain’s low degree of commercialization. Using multi-chain to disassemble applications to multiple independently operating chains or even dissect business scenerios in one application to chains which operate independently, the blockchain technology is finally able to commercialize. Based on these two core concepts, further requirements emerge. We build a module repository with modules that have different functions, but we still need to make our product easy and convenient for users. Also, there will be interactions among multiple chains, thus creating the demand for cross-chain protocols. In all, NULS needs to develop Chain Factory in its full strength. This is because we stick to our initial vision to make blockchain simpler. We want blockchain to become part of people’s daily life. It has been our goal this whole time and I have faith in it. Every day, we work hard toward that direction.

Q2：NULS跨链最大的特色是什么？
What are the most special features of NULS cross-chain solution?

NULS的跨链是基于两个层面的，第一层面是NULS生态内部的跨链，第二层面是NULS生态与外部生态的跨链；
那么就从分两个层面来分析，第一层面最大的特点就是，NULS定义好了跨链标准之后，NULS生态下的所有链就通过跨链协议天然打通了；一条全新的通过NULS链工厂生成的链，不再需要关注跨链方面的技术点，选择跨链模块之后就能与其它所有的链互通；另外NULS跨链协议之中，还包含了链与链之间的业务交互协议，这就使得在设计一个应用的时候，能够从架构上把一个庞大的应用拆分成不同的业务，使用不同的链来承载业务，并且通过业务交互接口进行交互；
第二个层面，NULS生态与外部生态的跨链，我们与BCH等其它项目有跨链技术交流与合作，我们希望通过成功的跨链案例，来对区块链行业的跨链进行标准定义，甚至NULS生态的跨链解决方案可能反推行业建立跨链标准。
最后站在技术角度，NULS的跨链方案，秉承了利用密码学来保证资产安全的行业惯例，资产的每一笔跨链流通都在卫星链中有记载，这样不管目标链是否是一条恶意的链，都能保证资产的安全。

Yang: NULS cross-chain solution includes two levels of contents: one is cross-chain within the NULS ecosystem, the other is cross-chain between the NULS ecosystem and the external environment.
Let’s analyse based on that. About the first one: once NULS has defined cross-chain protocols, all blockchains in the NULS ecosystem are naturally “connected” through the protocols. A new blockchain created by NULS Chain Factory no longer needs to work on technical details. By simply choosing the cross-chain module, it is able to make connections with other chains. Besides, business interaction protocol is also included in the NULS cross-chain protocols. When developing an application, this design makes it possible to dissect huge apps from the architecture to small business operations and have multiple chains operate on them respectively.
The second level: cross-chain between NULS ecosystem and the external environment. We have been communicating and collaborating with BCH and other projects with the cross-chain technology. We hope that by setting up successful cross-chain use cases, the blockchain industry standards in cross-chain can be defined. Possibly, the NULS cross-chain solution in the ecosystem will reversely push the industry to establish a cross-chain standard.
At last, technologically NULS cross-chain solution is in accordance with the standard industry practice to use cryptography to secure the assets safety. Every cross-chain transaction is recorded by the satellite-chain so that the assets are secure even if the object-chain turns out to be mischievous.