Flume是一个高可用的，高可靠的，分布式的海量日志采集、聚合和传输的系统。
一、主要组件：
1、Agent是一个JVM进程，它以事件的形式将数据从源头送至目的，是Flume数据传输的基本单元。Agent主要有3个部分组成，Source、Channel、Sink
2、Source是负责接收数据到Flume Agent的组件。Source组件可以处理各种类型、各种格式的日志数据，包括avro、thrift、exec、jms、spooling directory、netcat、sequence generator、syslog、http、legacy。
3、Channel是位于Source和Sink之间的缓冲区。因此，Channel允许Source和Sink运作在不同的速率上。Channel是线程安全的，可以同时处理几个Source的写入操作和几个Sink的读取操作。
4、Flume自带两种Channel：Memory Channel和File Channel。
Memory Channel是内存中的队列。在不需要关心数据丢失的情景下适用。
File Channel将所有事件写到磁盘。因此在程序关闭或机器宕机的情况下不会丢失数据。
5、Sink不断地轮询Channel中的事件且批量地移除它们，并将这些事件批量写入到存储或索引系统、或者被发送到另一个Flume Agent。
Sink是完全事务性的。在从Channel批量删除数据之前，每个Sink用Channel启动一个事务。批量事件一旦成功写出到存储系统或下一个Flume Agent，Sink就利用Channel提交事务。事务一旦被提交，该Channel从自己的内部缓冲区删除事件。
Sink组件目的地包括hdfs、logger、avro、thrift、ipc、file、HBase、solr、自定义。
6、Event传输单元，Flume数据传输的基本单元，以事件的形式将数据从源头送至目的地。
二、flume使用案例
1、监控端口数据
(1) 查询端口是否被占用
netstat -tunlp | grep 44444
(2) vim flume-telnet-logger.conf
# Name the components on this agent
# 输入源 目的地 缓冲区
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
#输入源类型端口型 主机 端口
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444
# Describe the sink
#输入目的地是控制台logger类型
a1.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
#缓冲区类型内存型 1000个event 传输到100时提交事务
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(3) 先开启flume监听端口
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file demo/flume-telnet-logger.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
(4) 使用telnet工具向本机的44444端口发送内容
telnet localhost 44444
2、实时读取本地文件到HDFS案例
(1) flume-file-hdfs.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r2
a2.sinks = k2
a2.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
# 类型为exec可执行命令
a2.sources.r2.type = exec
a2.sources.r2.command = tail -F /tmp/hadoop/hive.log
a2.sources.r2.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k2.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop130:9000/flume/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.filePrefix = logs-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个Event才flush到HDFS一次
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.batchSize = 1000
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollInterval = 600
#设置每个文件的滚动大小
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与Event数量无关
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.rollCount = 0
#最小冗余数
a2.sinks.k2.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a2.channels.c2.type = memory
a2.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r2.channels = c2
a2.sinks.k2.channel = c2
(2) 执行监控配置
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file demo/flume-file-hdfs.conf
3、实时读取目录文件到HDFS案例
(1) 创建配置文件flume-dir-hdfs.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r3
a3.sinks = k3
a3.channels = c3
# Describe/configure the source
# 定义类型为目录
a3.sources.r3.type = spooldir
a3.sources.r3.spoolDir = /tmp/hadoop/upload
# 文件上传完后缀
a3.sources.r3.fileSuffix = .COMPLETED
# 是否有文件头
a3.sources.r3.fileHeader = true
#忽略所有以.tmp结尾的文件，不上传
a3.sources.r3.ignorePattern = ([^ ]*\.tmp)
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k3.type = hdfs
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop130:9000/flume/upload/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.filePrefix = upload-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个Event才flush到HDFS一次
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollInterval = 600
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是128M
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与Event数量无关
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.rollCount = 0
#最小冗余数
a3.sinks.k3.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a3.channels.c3.type = memory
a3.channels.c3.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c3.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r3.channels = c3
a3.sinks.k3.channel = c3
(2) 执行监控配置
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file demo/flume-dir-hdfs.conf
4、单数据源多出口
配置1个接收日志文件的source和两个channel、两个sink，分别输送给flume-flume-hdfs和flume-flume-dir。
(1)创建flume-file-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.channels = c1 c2
# 将数据流复制给多个channel
a1.sources.r1.selector.type = replicating
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /tmp/hadoop/hive.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop132
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop132
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
a1.channels.c2.type = memory
a1.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 c2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c2
注：Avro是由Hadoop创始人Doug Cutting创建的一种语言无关的数据序列化和RPC框架。
注：RPC（Remote Procedure Call）—远程过程调用，它是一种通过网络从远程计算机程序上请求服务，而不需要了解底层网络技术的协议。
(2) 创建flume-flume-hdfs.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop132
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop130:9000/flume2/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = flume2-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个Event才flush到HDFS一次
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型，可支持压缩
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 600
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是128M
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与Event数量无关
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 0
#最小冗余数
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.minBlockReplicas = 1
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(3) 创建flume-flume-dir.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop132
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = file_roll
a3.sinks.k1.sink.directory = /demo/flume3
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
(4) 执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file demo/group1/flume-flume-dir.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file demo/group1/flume-flume-hdfs.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file demo/group1/flume-file-flume.conf
5、单数据源多出口(负载均衡)
(1) 创建flume-netcat-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups = g1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444
#负载均衡 轮询模式
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.type = load_balance
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.backoff = true
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.selector = round_robin
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.selector.maxTimeOut=10000
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop132
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop132
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups.g1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c1
(2) 创建flume-flume1.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop130
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(3) 创建flume-flume2.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
(4) 执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file demo/group2/flume-flume2.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file demo/group2/flume-flume1.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file demo/group2/flume-netcat-flume.conf
(5) 使用telnet工具向本机的44444端口发送内容
telnet localhost 44444
6、多数据源汇总案例
多Source汇总数据到单Flume
(1) 创建flume1.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/module/group.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop131
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(2) 创建flume2.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = netcat
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop130
a2.sources.r1.port = 44444
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = avro
a2.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop132
a2.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(3) 创建flume3.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop132
a3.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c1.type = memory
a3.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c1
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(4) 执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file demo/group3/flume3.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file demo/group3/flume2.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file demo/group3/flume1.conf
(5) 追加数据
echo 'hello' > group.log
telnet hadoop104 44444