Introduction
Magento is a free and open source content management system for e-commerce. It is written in PHP and uses MySQL to store its data. You can run any types of e-commerce website using Magento. If you are looking for a great e-commerce web application for online store, then Magento is the best option for you. Magento provides a basic theme that can be used to set up an e-commerce website easily. Magento allows its user to install themes and change the display of the website or its functionality.
This tutorial will explain how to install Magento 2 on CentOS 7.
Requirements
- A server running CentOS 7.
- A non-root user with
sudoprivilege setup on your server.
Getting Started
Before starting, update your system with the latest available packages by running the following command:
sudo yum update -y
Once your system is up-to-date, you can proceed to the next step.
Install and Configure LAMP Stack
You will need to install Apache, MariaDB, and PHP on your system as prerequisites of Magento.
Install Apache with the following command:
sudo yum install httpd -y
Install the latest version of the MariaDB server. MariaDB 10 is not available in the CentOS 7 default repository, so you will need to add the repository first.
sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
Add the following lines:
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
Save the file and update the MariaDB repo with the following command:
sudo yum update -y
Once the repo is updated, you can install MariaDB with the following command:
sudo yum install mariadb-server
Start the Apache web server and MariaDB and also enable them to start on boot:
sudo systemctl start httpd
sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl enable mariadb
Magento supports PHP versions from PHP 5.6 to PHP 7.1. We will install PHP 7 and other required modules for Magento.
To install PHP 7 and other modules, run the following commands:
sudo yum install -y http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/CentOS/7/x86_64/ius-release-1.0-14.ius.centos7.noarch.rpm
sudo yum -y update
sudo yum -y install php70u php70u-pdo php70u-mysqlnd php70u-opcache php70u-xml php70u-mcrypt php70u-gd php70u-devel php70u-intl php70u-mbstring php70u-bcmath php70u-json php70u-iconv
Once installation is completed, you can verify the version of the PHP by running the following command:
php -v
Output:
PHP 7.0.13 (cli) (built: Nov 10 2016 08:44:18) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.0.13, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies
You will need to increase the memory limit of PHP and also set the timezone. You can do this by editing the php.ini file:
sudo nano /etc/php.ini
Change the following lines:
memory_limit = 500M
date.timezone = Asia/Kolkata
Save the file when you are finished.
Next you will need to configure Apache to use mod_rewrite.
You can do this by editing /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf file.
sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Find the line Include conf.modules.d/*.conf and add the following line just below these lines:
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
Change the value of AllowOverride None to AllowOverride All.
AllowOverride All
Save the file and restart Apache:
sudo systemctl restart httpd
Configure a Database for Magento
You will need to create a database for Magento.
Log in to MariaDB with the following command:
mysql -u root -p
Now run the following query to create a new database.
MariaDB [(none)]>create database magento;
Next, create the database user for this database and assign the user full access over the database.
MariaDB [(none)]>grant all on magento.* TO magentouser@localhost identified by 'Admin@1234';
MariaDB [(none)]>flush privileges;
Note: You can set the database name and credentials according to your choice. Make sure you use a strong password.
Next, exit from the MySQL prompt using the following command.
MariaDB [(none)]>exit
Install Composer
Composer is an application level package manager for the PHP programming language that provides a standard format for managing dependencies of PHP and required libraries.
To install composer simply run the following command:
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
The above command will download the latest version of the composer.phar file in your home directory.
To use composer, you will need to move it to /usr/bin/ directory:
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/bin/composer
You can verify the version of the composer with the following command:
composer -V
Output:
Composer version 1.2.4 2016-12-06 22:00:51
Install Magento
You can install Magento in different ways. The best method to install Magento is to download the Magento using Git, then install it using composer.
First, download the Magento with the git command:
cd /var/www/html/
sudo git clone https://github.com/magento/magento2.git
The above command will install the latest version of Magento in Apache's default document root directory.
It is recommended to switch to a stable release of Magento.
You can do this with the following command:
cd magento2
sudo git checkout tags/2.1.0 -b 2.1.0
The above command will checkout to a stable version 2.1.0.
Move all the installation files to document root of Apache:
sudo shopt -s dotglob nullglob
sudo mv /var/www/html/magento2/* /var/www/html/
You will also need to set proper permissions to the files and folders of Magento:
sudo chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/
Install Magento using the following command:
cd /var/www/html
sudo composer install
The above command will install Magento in your server by installing required frameworks.
Access the Magento Web Installation Wizard
It is time to finish the Magento installation using a web based interface.
Open your favourite web browser and type the URL http://your-server-ip, You should see the following page:
Click on Agree and Setup Magento button, you should see the following page:
Click on the Next button to complete readiness check, you should see the following page:
Click on the Next button and provides database information as shown below:
Click on the Next button you should see the following page:
Click on the Next button, you should see the following page. On this page you can customize your store as your need:
Click on the Next button and provide new admin account details as shown below:
Click on Next button and click on Install Now button to install Magento as shown below:
Once installation is completed, you should see the following page:
Finally launch the Magento Admin by clicking Launch Magento Admin button and provide admin credentials:
Magento Dashboard
You can also launch Magento Admin directly by typing the URL http://your-server-ip/admin_1srbr7 in your web browser.
You will need to setup some cron jobs for Magento.
You can configure it with the following command:
crontab -u apache -e
Add the following lines:
*/5 * * * * php -c /etc /var/www/html/bin/magento cron:run
*/5 * * * * php -c /etc /var/www/html/update/cron.php
*/5 * * * * php -c /etc /var/www/html/bin/magento setup:cron:run
Save the file when you are finished.
If you want to upgrade Magento to the latest version in the future, then run the following command:
cd /var/www/html
sudo composer update
Summary
Congratulations! You have successfully installed Magento 2 using composer on your server. You can now easily deploy your own online store. Feel free to ask me if you have any questions.