学 Win32 汇编[31] - 结构与联合

结构和联合分别用 struct、union 定义, 都是 ends 结束定义.
它们使用方法相同, 并可以互相嵌套; 主要区别是后者的各成员共用同一个地址.

---

结构示例:

---

; Test31_1.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



;定义结构

MyPoint struct

    X dd ?

    Y dd ?

MyPoint ends



.data

    ;声明结构, 使用 <>、{} 均可

    pt1 MyPoint <>

    pt2 MyPoint {}

    pt3 MyPoint <33,44>

    pt4 MyPoint {55,66}

    pt5 MyPoint {77,}

    pt6 MyPoint {,88}

    pt7 MyPoint {,}

.code

main proc

    mov pt1.X, 11

    mov pt1.Y, 22

    inc pt1.X

    PrintDec pt1.X ;12

    PrintDec pt1.Y ;22

    ;

    PrintDec pt2.X ;0

    PrintDec pt2.Y ;0

    ;

    PrintDec pt3.X ;33

    PrintDec pt3.Y ;44

    ;

    PrintDec pt4.X ;55

    PrintDec pt4.Y ;66

    ;

    PrintDec pt5.X ;77

    PrintDec pt5.Y ;0

    ;

    PrintDec pt6.X ;0

    PrintDec pt6.Y ;88

    ;

    PrintDec pt7.X ;0

    PrintDec pt7.Y ;0

    ret

main endp

end main


 
   

联合示例:

---

; Test31_2.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



;定义联合

MyUnion union

    D dd ?

    W dw ?

    B db ?

MyUnion ends



.data

    u1 MyUnion <>

    u2 MyUnion {1122h} ;只能有一个初始值

.code

main proc

    mov u1.D, 12345678h

    PrintHex u1.D ;12345678

    PrintHex u1.W ;5678

    PrintHex u1.B ;78

    ;

    PrintHex u2.D ;00001122

    PrintHex u2.W ;1122

    PrintHex u2.B ;22

    ret

main endp

end main


 
   

用寄存器引用结构变量:

---

; Test31_3.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



MyPoint struct

    X dd ?

    Y dd ?

MyPoint ends



.data

    pt1 MyPoint <11,22>

.code

main proc

    lea ebx, pt1

    PrintDec (MyPoint ptr [ebx]).X ;11

    PrintDec (MyPoint ptr [ebx]).Y ;22

    ret

main endp

end main


 
   

定义时的数据初始化:

---

; Test31_4.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



MyStruct struct

    FName db 12 dup(0)

    FAge  db 66

MyStruct ends



.data

    u1 MyStruct <>

    u2 MyStruct <'张三', 88>

.code

main proc

    PrintString u1.FName ;

    PrintDec    u1.FAge  ;66

    

    PrintString u2.FName ;张三

    PrintDec    u2.FAge  ;88

    ret

main endp

end main


 
   

使用 SYSTEMTIME 结构获取系统时间的例子:

---

; Test31_5.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



;SYSTEMTIME 结构定义在 windows.inc

;GetLocalTime 函数声明在 kernel32.inc

.data

    sysTime SYSTEMTIME <> 

.code

main proc

    invoke GetLocalTime, addr sysTime

    PrintDec sysTime.wYear  ;2010

    PrintDec sysTime.wMonth ;4

    PrintDec sysTime.wDay   ;22

    ret

main endp

end main


 
   

结构嵌套:

---

; Test31_6.asm

.386

.model flat, stdcall



include    windows.inc

include    kernel32.inc

include    masm32.inc

include    debug.inc

includelib kernel32.lib

includelib masm32.lib

includelib debug.lib



Pt struct

   X dd ?

   Y dd ? 

Pt ends



Rect struct

    Left  Pt <>

    Right Pt <>

Rect ends



.data

    r1 Rect <>

    r2 Rect <<55,66>, <77,88>>

.code

main proc

    mov r1.Left.X, 11

    mov r1.Left.Y, 22

    mov r1.Right.X, 33

    mov r1.Right.Y, 44

    

    PrintDec r1.Left.X  ;11

    PrintDec r1.Left.Y  ;22

    PrintDec r1.Right.X ;33

    PrintDec r1.Right.Y ;44

    

    PrintDec r2.Left.X  ;55

    PrintDec r2.Left.Y  ;66

    PrintDec r2.Right.X ;77

    PrintDec r2.Right.Y ;88

    ret

main endp

end main