敏捷项目的启动

题注:在我们的软件开发过程中,项目启动通常需要:项目建议书或可行性方案评审,项目启动会,项目经理任命书,项目任务书,项目软件开发计划(配置管理计划、测试计划),繁琐不说,关键是最初的规划效率很低,——因为一般项目持续半年甚至一年多,期间是人非,业务需求更改,所作的很多规划工作回过头看发现没起到任何实质作用。我好奇,敏捷项目是如何启动的呢?因此就有了下面的对话。


对话人物:

jessica——me,提问者

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... ——vincent,敏捷项目实践者

名词,简称:

Iteration:敏捷方法中强调迭代过程,每一个iteration一般10-30天不等;

DEV:项目中的developer角色

PM:项目的Project manager

BA:  项目中的Business Analyst,可理解为需求分析角色。

  

jessica :

敏捷项目怎么启动的呢,有没有类似的项目任务书,项目经理任命书等等?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

called iteration 0

jessica :

不会吧,总有成立Team的过程啊

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

preparing environment(a.k.a svn, dev machine, whiteboard, chairs, desktop, etc)

jessica :

oh,这直接就是Iteration0

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and communication plan

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

yup

jessica :

明白了

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

such as, how much activities in each iteration

jessica :

准备环境,确定具体过程中应遵守的基本规则

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

stand up, restrospective, client interview, showcase, requirement gathering meeting....

jessica :

那么一开始的时候是不知道项目在多长时间收工了?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

not decided yet, just planing it and how long should an iteration be, and how long should a release be

jessica :

我的疑问是传统方法里面,立项的时候必须有软件计划

jessica :

但软件开发计划几乎没用

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

technical speaking, pain point spiking, architecture spiking

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

we don't have a "software development plan" after iteration 0

jessica :

所以改进的时候我想知道敏捷开发里面如何启动项目,做那些必要的事情

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

we have a "process plan" after iteration 0

jessica :

Process Plan

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

or process vision

jessica :

请麻烦给我列下ProcessPlan中的要点,应该包括上述的准备环境,游戏规则了,还有呢?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

answer the question: what should the process looks like

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

not gaming rule

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

gaming vision

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

there isn't any rule in agile process

jessica :

oh

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

1. iteration rhythm

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and release rhythm

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

one of the most important things about a process, is keeping rhythm

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

so, iteration 0 is all about rhythm

jessica :

刚才你说了两点:1迭代节奏;2发布周期

jessica :

那还包括?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

communication rhythm

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

client interview, require gathering, prioritization, release kick off meeting, show case and etc

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

those are external communications

jessica :

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

PM has to work hard to get an agreement with client about those things

jessica :

有没有一个项目启动会之类的东东?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

no

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

it's useless

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

sometime, might be useful

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

but most of time, useless

jessica :

呵呵,那就PM随机跟大家(内部,外部)商量下,把Process Vision制定出来就可以了

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

no

jessica :

然后发给大家知道?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

first order of business

jessica :

那是怎么做?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

getting agreement with client

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and relative assurances

jessica :

你是指与客户探讨Process Vision?取得一致?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

such as, every 2 weeks, we MUST have a 15-mins meeting with all operators

jessica :

这个任务是由PM独立完成,还是有其他角色参与?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

that must be guaranteed

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

PM, PM from Client & Project Owner

jessica :

三个角色?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

or more than that

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

no matter how many people involved

jessica :

总要有人对这个“Start”过程负主要责任啊,是项目组的PM?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

you must get some guarantee from client to keep communication activities

jessica :

嗯,这个我明白了

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

PM & Client

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

coz we are cooperating to make the project successful

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

we can't make it only by ourself

jessica :

哦,那关于Group里面有那些成员,从哪天开始迭代?是不是也要在Process Vision说明? 还是没有任何文档?

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

we'll talk it later

jessica :

大家心里知道就行了? 传统的PM任命书到哪里去了?

jessica :

哦,没问题

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

now focusing on external communication

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

that's the point

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

no PM assignment

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

coz there isn't any hierarchical things between devs & pm

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

pm is just another role in the whole project

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

taking charge of communication and keeping rhythm

jessica :

可是总要说一下有谁在group里面啊

jessica :

否则其他的人会说, ××怎么消失了,到哪里去了??

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

yup, but it's RM's responsibility to do such thing

jessica :

而且a new start 多重要啊,象誓师大会

jessica :

RMHR

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

Resource Manager'll talk with you, now, we have a new project, you will be in this project for at least 3 months

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and then dev(s) should talk with PM to get the whole idea of what project do

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and when it'll start

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

if it's a brand new project

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

RM might gather PM& Devs together, talking about the whole idea & time frame thing

jessica :

呵呵,懂了

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

normally, pm & ba'll start 2 weeks earlier than devs

jessica :

有了一个RM角色参与

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

to gathering requirements of first release of 4 iterations

jessica :

明白了,的确是一个有效的start

jessica :

我对我们现在的start“悲愤欲绝,可是无力回天拉,  

Vincent Alan Xu-徐八叉...Avocado... :

and then, after we got some requirments, then devs step in, kick off iteration 0

RM is a global role, he/she will arrange resource all over the whole company

transferring one from Project A to another

so that guarantees no hierarchy between PM and DEV 

there isn't 'my people' in PM's eyes

jessica :

,理解

 

 

总结敏捷项目启动的关键点:

1)       强调客户参与与决定权,客户对启动时的Product Vision负主要责任,而不是我们项目组自己根据自己的分析或臆断来拟定一份“项目任务书”;

2)       启动时更强调项目过程中活动的计划(沟通计划,迭代计划等),而非仅强调生命周期的整体计划;

3)       强调沟通,尤其是与客户的沟通,客户与项目组共同管理整个项目过程;而非我们自己初期就确定什么时候必须开始、什么时候必须结束;

4)       启动初期的产物仅出必要的文档产物,什么有用要什么,而非传统中一个项目启动一定伴随一堆文档产物和浩荡的启动会。

如果你感觉变化太多,计划总赶不上变化,那请让你的项目启动尽可能轻量级些,只做必要的工作,不要为了过程而过程,为了文档而文档。

June 14:
其实是“QuickStart”。下面是相关的一些资料:
敏捷项目的QuickStart: http://blog.csdn.net/testwin/archive/2007/04/19/1570261.aspx
Liv Wild:一种高效的项目启动方式——QuickStart: http://tag.csdn.net/Article/30f933fb-0853-4133-8801-7913013dd723.html

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