Android深入探究自定义View之嵌套滑动的实现

本文主要探讨以下几个问题:

  • 嵌套滑动设计目的
  • 嵌套滑动的实现
  • 嵌套滑动与事件分发机制

嵌套滑动设计目的

不知道大家有没有注意过淘宝APP首页的二级联动,滑动的商品的时候上面类别也会滑动,滑动过程中类别模块停了商品还能继续滑动。也就是说滑动的是view,ViewGroup也会跟着滑动。如果用事件分发机制处理也能处理,但会及其麻烦。那用NestedScroll会咋样?

嵌套滑动的实现

假设布局如下

Android深入探究自定义View之嵌套滑动的实现_第1张图片


RecyclerView 实现了 NestedScrollingChild 接口,NestedScrollView 实现了 NestedScrollingParent,这是实现嵌套布局的基础

public class RecyclerView extends ViewGroup implements ScrollingView, NestedScrollingChild2, NestedScrollingChild3
public class NestedScrollView extends FrameLayout implements NestedScrollingParent3, NestedScrollingChild3, ScrollingView

滑动屏幕时 RecyclerView 收到滑动事件,在 ACTION_DOWN 时

//	RecyclerView.java  onTouchEvent函数
 case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
      mScrollPointerId = e.getPointerId(0);
        mInitialTouchX = mLastTouchX = (int) (e.getX() + 0.5f);
        mInitialTouchY = mLastTouchY = (int) (e.getY() + 0.5f);

        int nestedScrollAxis = ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_NONE;
        if (canScrollHorizontally) {
            nestedScrollAxis |= ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_HORIZONTAL;
        }
        if (canScrollVertically) {
            nestedScrollAxis |= ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_VERTICAL;
        }
        //	
        startNestedScroll(nestedScrollAxis, TYPE_TOUCH);
    } 
    break;

继续深入

    public boolean startNestedScroll(@ScrollAxis int axes, @NestedScrollType int type) {
        if (hasNestedScrollingParent(type)) {
            // Already in progress
            return true;
        }
        if (isNestedScrollingEnabled()) {
            ViewParent p = mView.getParent();
            View child = mView;
            while (p != null) {
                if (ViewParentCompat.onStartNestedScroll(p, child, mView, axes, type)) {
                    setNestedScrollingParentForType(type, p);
                    ViewParentCompat.onNestedScrollAccepted(p, child, mView, axes, type);
                    return true;
                }
                if (p instanceof View) {
                    child = (View) p;
                }
                p = p.getParent();
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

递归寻找NestedScrollingParent,然后回调 onStartNestedScroll 和 onNestedScrollAccepted 。onStartNestedScroll 决定了当前控件是否能接收到其内部View(非并非是直接子View)滑动时的参数;按下时确定其嵌套的父布局以及是否能收到后续事件。再看ACTION_MOVE事件

case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: {
    if (dispatchNestedPreScroll(dx, dy, mScrollConsumed, mScrollOffset)) {
         dx -= mScrollConsumed[0];
         dy -= mScrollConsumed[1];
         vtev.offsetLocation(mScrollOffset[0], mScrollOffset[1]);
     }
 } break;

ACTION_MOVE 中调用了 dispatchNestedPreScroll 。dispatchNestedPreScroll 中会回调 onNestedPreScroll 方法,内部的 scrollByInternal 中还会回调 onNestedScroll 方法

整个流程如下

Android深入探究自定义View之嵌套滑动的实现_第2张图片

onNestedPreScroll中,我们判断,如果是上滑且顶部控件未完全隐藏,则消耗掉dy,即consumed[1]=dy;如果是下滑且内部View已经无法继续下拉,则消耗掉dy,即consumed[1]=dy,消耗掉的意思,就是自己去执行scrollBy,实际上就是我们的NestedScrollView 滑动。

public void onNestedPreScroll(@NonNull View target, int dx, int dy, @NonNull int[] consumed, int type) {
     // 向上滑动。若当前topview可见,需要将topview滑动至不可见
     boolean hideTop = dy > 0 && getScrollY() < topView.getMeasuredHeight();
     if (hideTop) {
         scrollBy(0, dy);
         //  这个是被消费的距离,如果没有会被重复消费现象是父布局与子布局同时滑动,滑动的距离被消费两次
         consumed[1] = dy;
     }
 }

整体代码如下

public class NestedScrollLayout extends NestedScrollView {
    private View topView;
    private ViewGroup contentView;
    private static final String TAG = "NestedScrollLayout";

    public NestedScrollLayout(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
        init();
    }

    public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
        init();
    }

    public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        this(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, 0);
        init();
    }

    public NestedScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }

    private FlingHelper mFlingHelper;

    int totalDy = 0;
    /**
     * 用于判断RecyclerView是否在fling
     */
    boolean isStartFling = false;
    /**
     * 记录当前滑动的y轴加速度
     */
    private int velocityY = 0;

    private void init() {
        mFlingHelper = new FlingHelper(getContext());
        setOnScrollChangeListener(new View.OnScrollChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onScrollChange(View v, int scrollX, int scrollY, int oldScrollX, int oldScrollY) {
                if (isStartFling) {
                    totalDy = 0;
                    isStartFling = false;
                }
                if (scrollY == 0) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "TOP SCROLL");
                   // refreshLayout.setEnabled(true);
                }
                if (scrollY == (getChildAt(0).getMeasuredHeight() - v.getMeasuredHeight())) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "BOTTOM SCROLL");
                    dispatchChildFling();
                }
                //在RecyclerView fling情况下,记录当前RecyclerView在y轴的偏移
                totalDy += scrollY - oldScrollY;
            }
        });
    }

    private void dispatchChildFling() {
        if (velocityY != 0) {
            Double splineFlingDistance = mFlingHelper.getSplineFlingDistance(velocityY);
            if (splineFlingDistance > totalDy) {
                childFling(mFlingHelper.getVelocityByDistance(splineFlingDistance - Double.valueOf(totalDy)));
            }
        }
        totalDy = 0;
        velocityY = 0;
    }

    private void childFling(int velY) {
        RecyclerView childRecyclerView = getChildRecyclerView(contentView);
        if (childRecyclerView != null) {
            childRecyclerView.fling(0, velY);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void fling(int velocityY) {
        super.fling(velocityY);
        if (velocityY <= 0) {
            this.velocityY = 0;
        } else {
            isStartFling = true;
            this.velocityY = velocityY;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onFinishInflate() {
        super.onFinishInflate();
        topView = ((ViewGroup) getChildAt(0)).getChildAt(0);
        contentView = (ViewGroup) ((ViewGroup) getChildAt(0)).getChildAt(1);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // 调整contentView的高度为父容器高度,使之填充布局,避免父容器滚动后出现空白
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = contentView.getLayoutParams();
        lp.height = getMeasuredHeight();
        contentView.setLayoutParams(lp);
    }

    /**
     *          解决滑动冲突:RecyclerView在滑动之前会问下父布局是否需要拦截,父布局使用此方法
     */
    @Override
    public void onNestedPreScroll(@NonNull View target, int dx, int dy, @NonNull int[] consumed, int type) {
        Log.e("NestedScrollLayout", getScrollY()+"::onNestedPreScroll::"+topView.getMeasuredHeight()+"::dy::"+dy);
        // 向上滑动。若当前topview可见,需要将topview滑动至不可见
        boolean hideTop = dy > 0 && getScrollY() < topView.getMeasuredHeight();
        if (hideTop) {
            scrollBy(0, dy);
            //  这个是被消费的距离,如果没有会被重复消费,现象是父布局与子布局同时滑动
            consumed[1] = dy;
        }
    }

    private RecyclerView getChildRecyclerView(ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        for (int i = 0; i < viewGroup.getChildCount(); i++) {
            View view = viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
            if (view instanceof RecyclerView && view.getClass() == NestedLogRecyclerView.class) {
                return (RecyclerView) viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
            } else if (viewGroup.getChildAt(i) instanceof ViewGroup) {
                ViewGroup childRecyclerView = getChildRecyclerView((ViewGroup) viewGroup.getChildAt(i));
                if (childRecyclerView instanceof RecyclerView) {
                    return (RecyclerView) childRecyclerView;
                }
            }
            continue;
        }
        return null;
    }
}

嵌套滑动与事件分发机制

  • 事件分发机制:子View首先得到事件处理权,处理过程中父View可以对其拦截,但是拦截了以后就无法再还给子View(本次手势内)。
  • NestedScrolling 滑动机制:内部View在滚动的时候,首先将dx,dy交给NestedScrollingParent,NestedScrollingParent可对其进行部分消耗,剩余的部分还给内部View。

总结:嵌套布局要注意的有几个方面

  • ACTION_DOWN 时子view调用父布局的onStartNestedScroll,根据滑动方向判断父布局是否要收到子view的滑动参数
  • ACTION_MOVE时子view调用父布局的onNestedPreScroll函数,父布局是否要滑动已经消费掉自身需要的距离
  • ACTION_UP时,手指抬起可能还有加速度,调用父布局的onPreFling判断是否需要消费以及消费剩下的再传给子布局

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