shell循环,判断介绍,以及实例

转自:http://blog.51yip.com/shell/1132.html

 

shell的循环主要有3种,for,while,until

shell的分支判断主要有2种,if,case

 

一,for循环

 
    #!/bin/bash  

      

    for file in $(ls /tmp/test/mytest |grep sh)   //for in格式是shell for的基本格式,根js的for in类似  

    do               //循环开始你就把它当成{  

     echo $file  

    done             //循环结束你就把它当成}  

      

    for ((i=0;i<10;i++))        //注意是双小括号,由于受其他语言的影响,很容易搞错  

    do  

     echo -n $i  

    done  

      

    echo \     //输出换行  

      

    for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  

    do  

     echo -n $i  

    done  

      

    echo \  

      

    for i in "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"    //这个根上面是有区别的,这个循环只循环了一次,双引号里面只是一个变量  

    do  

     echo -n $i  

    done  

      

    exit 0  

 

二,while循环

 
    #!/bin/bash  

    i=0  

    while ((i<10))  

    do  

     echo $i  

     ((i += 1))  

    done  

      

    i=0  

    while [ $i -lt 10 ]  //注意括号内侧二边的空格  

    do  

     echo $i  

     let "i+=1"   //加1  

    done  

    exit 0  

 

 

三,until循环

 
#!/bin/bash  

  

END_CONDITION=end  

until [ "$var1" = "$END_CONDITION" ]  //读取的变量根设定的变量相等时退出循环,不然永远循环  

do  

 echo "Input variable #1 "  

 echo "($END_CONDITION to exit)"  

 read var1  

 echo "variable #1 = $var1"  

 echo  

done    

exit 0 

 

四,if语句

 
    #!/bin/bash  

      

    echo "Input a number #1 "  

    read num  

    echo "variable #1 = $num"  

      

    if [ $num -lt 60 ]    //注意lt前面的-,很容易忘的  

    then  

     echo "you are not pass"  

    elif [ $num -lt 70 ] && [ $num -ge 60 ]  //多个条件的判断  

    then  

     echo "pass"  

    elif [[ $num -lt 85 && $num -ge 70 ]] //如果放在一起,要注意是双方括号,不要写成[ $num -lt 85 && $num -ge 70 ]  

    then  

     echo "good"  

    elif (( $num <= 100 )) && (( $num >= 85 ))  //对于有语言基础的人来说,这种写法让人觉得很舒服,不要忘了是双小括号  

    then  

     echo "very good"  

    else  

     echo "num is wrong"  

    fi                                 //if要有结束标签的,根XML很像,不闭合,就报错  

      

    exit 0  
 

五,case语句

    #!/bin/sh  

    case $1 in  

     start)  

     echo "start ok"  

     ;;       //注意一点,要注意是双分号  

     stop)  

     echo "stop  ok"  

     ;;  

     restart)  

     echo "restart ok"  

     ;;  

     *)  

     echo "no param"  

     ;;  

    esac      //注意闭合标签  

    exit 0  

      

    [root@krlcgcms01 forif]# sh c1.sh stop  

    stop  ok  

 

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