万答#21,如何查看 MySQL 数据库一段时间内的连接情况

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查看方式

  • 已知至少有两种方式可以实现

1.开启 general_log 就可以观察到

  • 开启命令
mysql> set global general_log=ON;
  • 执行一些操作
[root@mgr2 ~]# mysql -uGreatSQL -pGreatSQL -h192.168.6.217 -P3306
mysql> use test;
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| book           |
| student        |
| t1             |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+--------+
| id   | name   |
+------+--------+
|    1 | 哈哈   |
|    2 | 你好   |
|    3 | 呵呵   |
+------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from test.t1 where id=4;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
  • 查看general_log日志信息,已经完整记录到了。
2022-01-20T21:46:17.073491-05:00           32 Connect   [email protected] on  using TCP/IP
2022-01-20T21:46:17.074048-05:00           32 Query     select @@version_comment limit 1
2022-01-20T21:46:20.217080-05:00           32 Query     SELECT DATABASE()
2022-01-20T21:46:20.217657-05:00           32 Init DB   test
2022-01-20T21:46:20.218960-05:00           32 Query     show databases
2022-01-20T21:46:20.220347-05:00           32 Query     show tables
2022-01-20T21:46:20.222050-05:00           32 Field List        book
2022-01-20T21:46:20.222644-05:00           32 Field List        student
2022-01-20T21:46:20.223106-05:00           32 Field List        t1
2022-01-20T21:46:22.856100-05:00           32 Query     show tables
2022-01-20T21:46:31.156616-05:00           32 Query     select * from t1
2022-01-20T21:46:43.136448-05:00           32 Query     delete from test.t1 where id=4

2.抓包

  • 这里采用 MySQL Sniffer 进行抓包。

1.MySQL Sniffer 介绍

  • MySQL Sniffer 是一个基于 MySQL 协议的抓包工具,实时抓取 MySQL Server 端的请求,并格式化输出。
  • 输出内容包访问括时间、访问用户、来源 IP、访问 Database、命令耗时、返回数据行数、执行语句等。有批量抓取多个端口,后台运行,日志分割等多种使用方式,操作便捷,输出友好。
  • 开源出品方:奇虎360
  • github 地址:https://github.com/Qihoo360/m...

2.安装依赖包

yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake libpcap-devel glib2-devel libnet-devel -y

3.安装命令

git clone https://github.com/Qihoo360/mysql-sniffer.git
cd mysql-sniffer
mkdir proj
cd proj
cmake ../
make

编译过程中出现一些问题,参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/kerry... 解决,感谢!

3.查看帮助

  • 安装后工具在 bin 目录下。
[root@mgr3 bin]# ./mysql-sniffer -help
Usage ./mysql-sniffer [-d] -i eth0 -p 3306,3307,3308 -l /var/log/mysql-sniffer/ -e stderr
         [-d] -i eth0 -r 3000-4000
         -d daemon mode.
         -s how often to split the log file(minute, eg. 1440). if less than 0, split log everyday
         -i interface. Default to eth0
         -p port, default to 3306. Multiple ports should be splited by ','. eg. 3306,3307
            this option has no effect when -f is set.
         -r port range, Don't use -r and -p at the same time
         -l query log DIRECTORY. Make sure that the directory is accessible. Default to stdout.
         -e error log FILENAME or 'stderr'. if set to /dev/null, runtime error will not be recorded
         -f filename. use pcap file instead capturing the network interface
         -w white list. dont capture the port. Multiple ports should be splited by ','.
         -t truncation length. truncate long query if it's longer than specified length. Less than 0 means no truncation
         -n keeping tcp stream count, if not set, default is 65536. if active tcp count is larger than the specified count, mysql-sniffer will remove the oldest one

4.测试

  • 参考GITHUB进行测试

1.实时抓取某端口信息并打印到屏幕

输出格式为:时间,访问用户,来源 IP,访问 Database,命令耗时,返回数据行数,执行语句。

  • 控制台监听

file

  • 执行一些操作
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1 (id int(11) not null auto_increment, name varchar(64), primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values (1,'小明'),(2,'小陈');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> delete from t1 where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+----+--------+
| id | name   |
+----+--------+
|  2 | 小陈   |
+----+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  • 控制台输出
2022-01-21 14:37:09      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             0ms             1      select @@version_comment limit 1
2022-01-21 14:37:31      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             0ms             2      show databases
2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             0ms             1      SELECT DATABASE()
2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             0ms             0      use test
2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             0ms             2      show databases
2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test            11ms             0      show tables
2022-01-21 14:41:58      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test            60ms             0      create table t1 (id int(11) not null auto_increment, name varchar(64), primary key(id))
2022-01-21 14:42:40      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             0ms             2      insert into t1 values (1,'小明'),(2,'小陈')
2022-01-21 14:42:54      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             0ms             1      delete from t1 where id=1
2022-01-21 14:43:04      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             0ms             1      select * from t1
  • 目前看有正常抓取到信息

2、可以把抓包的数据存储到文件

  • 文件名称就是端口名称,如果文件没内容,可以改成MySQL用户权限组试一下
./mysql-sniffer -i eth1 -p 33061 -l ./
[root@mgr3 bin]# more 33061.log
2022-01-21 15:00:11      NULL    192.168.6.216   test             0ms             0      use test
2022-01-21 15:00:11      NULL    192.168.6.216   test             0ms             1      SELECT DATABASE()
  • 其他功能就不一一测试了
  • 特别注意,以上是在 MySQL5.6 版本测试获取的,在 8.0 版本中可能由于MySQL协议变更导致抓不到数据包,同时该工具存在一定的丢包情况。

Enjoy GreatSQL :)

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