定语从句的翻译练习
Prior to the twentieth century , women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restriction imposed by the male-dominated culture.
20世纪以前，小说中的妇女是缺少某种特征的模式，这种特征能让他们成为独立的个体；妇女们还屈服于由男性统治文化带给她们的种种限制。
1.prior to = before ,是高级用法;
2. ---ior 的单词：
inferior、superior 、junior、senior、prior和to连用表示比较，是高级用法
3. subject to 屈服于……
object to 反对……
4. 在翻译中尽量不用： 使，当， 被
Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century , because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements , most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity .
由于铝总是和其他的元素反应，最常见的是和氧反应，因为他们之间具有很强的亲和力，所以自然界中目前没有发现游离态的铝，直到19世纪，铝才为人们所知。
1. 英语中的其中一种句型，长句多标点
2. 翻译的时候，注意句子之间的层次关系
3. for which it 翻译成：因为这两种物质之间有很强的亲和力 / 因为铝和氧之间有很强的亲和力
The poor are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.
其他+主句：以前的几代人用旧式体力劳动方式摆脱贫穷，而技术的进步破坏了这种形式，所以贫穷人首先受苦。
1. 中心句+定语从句1+定语从句2 是定语从句唯一的首句译法
The number of the young people in the United States who can't read is incredible one in four.
在美国，不能阅读的年轻人的数量占四分之一，这是令人难以置信的。
1.短句的译法：剥洋葱法；一定要分段
2.在翻译中：中文的特点：事实+观点
英文的特点：观点+事实
Television , it is often said , keeps one informed about current events , allowing one to follow the latest developments in science and politics , and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.
人们常说，电视通知着时事，让人们跟上最新的科学报道和政治报道，播出无休止的系列节目，节目既具有教育意义也具有娱乐性。
1. 插入语是表示观点的要放在句首翻译
2. it is + done 的句式：人们 + done
3. 三大规律之一：******强势动词（中文）和弱势动词（英文）********
在英译汉的时候要把弱势动词翻译为强势动词，在汉译英的时候要把强势动词翻译为弱势动词
即：动词和名词短语的转化
Taking his cue from Ibsen's A Doll's House , in which the heroine , Nora , leaves home because she resents her husband's treating her like a child the wtiter Lu Xun warned that Nora would need to support herself , must have economic rights to survive .
作家鲁迅从易卜生的玩偶之家一书中得到警示，书中的女主人公娜拉，离开家是因为她憎恨自己的丈夫对待自己就像对待小孩儿一样，娜拉离开家之后需要经济支持才能活着。
1. 代词的间隔译法：奇数的译为代词；偶数的译为具体的名词