Django安装mysql

系统安装mysql-devel

For Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install python-MySQLdb
For CentOS:
yum install python-devel mysql-devel

安装Python模块

pip3 install mysqlclient

异常

1. 无索引权限

migrate的时候提示:

django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1142, "INDEX command denied to user 'manager'@'10.**.***.10 ' for table 'django_session'")

提示用户没有 索引权限,开放权限即可。

参考自:django1-8-11-migrate-installed-apps-error

2. MySQL未为数据库连接设置“默认”严格模式
WARNINGS:
?: (Mysql.W002) MySQL Strict Mode is not set for database connection 'default'
         Hint: MySQL's Strict Mode fixes many data integrity problems in MySQL, such as data truncation upon insertion, by escalating warnings into errors. It is strongly recommended you activate it. See: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ Ref / databases / # mysql-sql-mode
CommandError: App 'exams' does not have migrations.

因为MySQL未为数据库连接设置“默认”严格模式导致exams模块迁移失败。

settings设置中为数据库配置添加OPTIONS即可:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'my_database',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'init_command': "SET sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES'",
        },
    }
}

参考:
Django-MySQL checks
CSDN 相关文章

3. 编码问题

使用 python manage.py loaddata ***.json 数据迁移的时候遇到问题:

提示 incorrect string value” error when save unicode string in Django

网上给的解决办法是 settings中添加数据库配置:

'OPTIONS': {
            'init_command': "SET sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES'",
            'charset': 'utf8mb4',
        },

再次 python manage.py loaddata ***.json,提示:Can't initialize character set utf8mb4

命令行 修改MYSQL表中字段字符集

ALTER TABLE share_zodiacshare MODIFY COLUMN zodiac_chinese VARCHAR(6) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

修改字符集不会对已存在数据生效,因此删除数据、修改字符集后,再次迁移数据正常通过并且无乱码。

MYSQL 字符集 相关命令


参考:

pip-install-mysql-python-fails-with-environmenterror-mysql-config-not-found

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