1、需要安装包
import numpy as np #数据处理
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #作图
from wordcloud import WordCloud #词云函数
import jieba #分割中文的包
from imageio import imread #读取图片 ....后面还有根据自己需要安装包
2、遇到的几个问题
读取文件中存在中文，读进去时会有报错，这是编码问题。
解决办法：在open函数中加上encoding="utf-8"
with open("./xxx.txt",'r',encoding='utf-8')as f:
text=f.read()
f.close()
在显示词云图的时候，会出现中文字符无法显示，用方框代替的现象。
解决办法：选择一个支持中文显示的字体。如在电脑中C:\Windows\Fonts\选择有个中文的字体，如，font = r'C:\Windows\Fonts\simfang.ttf'，后面再使用WordCloud 的参数font_path=font。
几个简单实例：
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from wordcloud import WordCloud
text = "square" #表示内容
x, y = np.ogrid[:300, :300]
mask = (x - 150) ** 2 + (y - 150) ** 2 > 130 ** 2
mask = 255 * mask.astype(int)
wc = WordCloud(background_color="white", repeat=True, mask=mask)
wc.generate(text)
plt.axis("off")
plt.imshow(wc, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.show()
单字内容
import os
from os import path
from wordcloud import WordCloud
# get data directory (using getcwd() is needed to support running example in generated IPython notebook)
d = path.dirname(__file__) if "__file__" in locals() else os.getcwd()
# Read the whole text.
text = open(path.join(d, 'constitution.txt')).read()
# Generate a word cloud image
wordcloud = WordCloud().generate(text)
# Display the generated image:
# the matplotlib way:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation='bilinear')
plt.axis("off")
# lower max_font_size
wordcloud = WordCloud(max_font_size=40).generate(text)
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()
多字的内容，内容从本地电脑中获取
from os import path
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
from wordcloud import WordCloud, STOPWORDS
# get data directory (using getcwd() is needed to support running example in generated IPython notebook)
d = path.dirname(__file__) if "__file__" in locals() else os.getcwd()
# Read the whole text.
text = open(path.join(d, 'alice.txt')).read()
# read the mask image
# taken from
# http://www.stencilry.org/stencils/movies/alice%20in%20wonderland/255fk.jpg
alice_mask = np.array(Image.open(path.join(d, "alice_mask.png")))
stopwords = set(STOPWORDS)
stopwords.add("said")
wc = WordCloud(background_color="white", max_words=2000, mask=alice_mask,
stopwords=stopwords, contour_width=3, contour_color='steelblue')
# generate word cloud
wc.generate(text)
# store to file
wc.to_file(path.join(d, "alice.png"))
# show
plt.imshow(wc, interpolation='bilinear')
plt.axis("off")
plt.figure()
plt.imshow(alice_mask, cmap=plt.cm.gray, interpolation='bilinear')
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()
使用图片来做词云
实例图片
更多信息可以参看wordcloud官网：
https://amueller.github.io/word_cloud/
上面有更多的例子，上面内容也来自于网站整理。
也可参考网站：
https://blog.csdn.net/xiemanR/article/details/72796739?utm_source=blogxgwz7