fabric之使用传输层安全性（TLS）保护通信安全

Fabric支持使用TLS在节点之间进行安全通信。 TLS通信可以使用单向（仅服务器）和双向（服务器和客户端）身份验证。

一、为peer节点配置TLS

peer节点既是TLS服务器又是TLS客户端。 当另一个peer节点，应用程序或CLI与其建立连接时，它是前者， 在与另一个peer节点或orderer建立连接时他是后者。

在peer节点上启用TLS，需要 设置以下属性：

peer.tls.enabled = true
peer.tls.cert.file = fully qualified path of the file that contains the TLS server certificate
peer.tls.key.file = fully qualified path of the file that contains the TLS server private key
peer.tls.rootcert.file = fully qualified path of the file that contains the certificate chain of the certificate authority(CA) that issued TLS server certificate

默认情况下，peer点上启用TLS时，将关闭TLS客户端身份验证。 这意味着peer节点在TLS握手期间不会验证客户端（另一个peer节点，应用程序或CLI）的证书。 要在peer节点上启用TLS客户端身份验证，请将peer配置属性peer.tls.clientAuthRequired设置为true，并将peer.tls.clientRootCAs.files属性设置为包含CA证书链的CA链文件 为你的组织的客户颁发TLS证书。

通过设置以下环境变量，也可以启用具有客户端身份验证的TLS：

CORE_PEER_TLS_ENABLED = true
CORE_PEER_TLS_CERT_FILE = fully qualified path of the server certificate
CORE_PEER_TLS_KEY_FILE = fully qualified path of the server private key
CORE_PEER_TLS_ROOTCERT_FILE = fully qualified path of the CA chain file
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTAUTHREQUIRED = true
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTROOTCAS_FILES = fully qualified path of the CA chain file
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTCERT_FILE = fully qualified path of the client certificate
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTKEY_FILE = fully qualified path of the client key

在peer节点上启用客户端身份验证时，客户端需要在TLS握手期间发送其证书。 如果客户端未发送其证书，则握手将失败，并且peer将关闭连接。

当peer加入通道时，从通道的配置块读取通道成员的根CA证书链，并将其添加到TLS客户端和服务器根CA数据结构中。 因此，peer对peer通信，peer对orderer通信应该无缝地工作。

二、为orderer节点配置TLS

要在orderer节点上启用TLS，请设置以下orderer配置属性：

General.TLS.Enabled = true
General.TLS.PrivateKey = fully qualified path of the file that contains the server private key
General.TLS.Certificate = fully qualified path of the file that contains the server certificate
General.TLS.RootCAs = fully qualified path of the file that contains the certificate chain of the CA that issued TLS server certificate

默认情况下，在orderer上关闭TLS客户端身份验证，就像peer一样。 要启用TLS客户端身份验证，请设置以下配置属性：

General.TLS.ClientAuthRequired = true
General.TLS.ClientRootCAs = fully qualified path of the file that contains the certificate chain of the CA that issued the TLS server certificate

通过设置以下环境变量，也可以启用具有客户端身份验证的TLS：

ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_ENABLED = true
ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_PRIVATEKEY = fully qualified path of the file that contains the server private key
ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_CERTIFICATE = fully qualified path of the file that contains the server certificate
ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_ROOTCAS = fully qualified path of the file that contains the certificate chain of the CA that issued TLS server certificate
ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_CLIENTAUTHREQUIRED = true
ORDERER_GENERAL_TLS_CLIENTROOTCAS = fully qualified path of the file that contains the certificate chain of the CA that issued TLS server certificate

三、为CLI配置TLS

对启用TLS的peer节点运行peer CLI 命令时，必须设置以下环境变量：

CORE_PEER_TLS_ENABLED = true
CORE_PEER_TLS_ROOTCERT_FILE = fully qualified path of the file that contains cert chain of the CA that issued the TLS server cert

如果在远程服务器上也启用了TLS客户端身份验证，则除上述变量外，还必须设置以下变量：

CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTAUTHREQUIRED = true
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTCERT_FILE = fully qualified path of the client certificate
CORE_PEER_TLS_CLIENTKEY_FILE = fully qualified path of the client private key