GitLab 简易指引（二）：GitLab Runner 安装与配置

本文为[原创]文章，转载请标明出处。
原文链接：https://weyunx.com/2019/01/23/gitlab-runner-install/
原文出自微云的技术博客

准备工作

下载安装包

# Linux x86-64
sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner https://gitlab-runner-downloads.s3.amazonaws.com/latest/binaries/gitlab-runner-linux-amd64

# Linux x86
sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner https://gitlab-runner-downloads.s3.amazonaws.com/latest/binaries/gitlab-runner-linux-386

# Linux arm
sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner https://gitlab-runner-downloads.s3.amazonaws.com/latest/binaries/gitlab-runner-linux-arm

如果是离线安装的话，可以手工联网下载，然后放到内网中，放到/usr/local/bin目录下，并命名为gitlab-runner

# 赋予可执行权限
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner

# 创建 GitLab CI 用户
sudo useradd --comment 'GitLab Runner' --create-home gitlab-runner --shell /bin/bash
 
# 安装
sudo gitlab-runner install --user=gitlab-runner --working-directory=/home/gitlab-runner

# 运行
sudo gitlab-runner start

注册 Runner

首先需要准备URL和Token，可以在 GitLab 项目的 settings->CI/CD->Runners settings 中找到

# 注册
sudo gitlab-runner register

# 输入本地的 gitlab URL
Please enter the gitlab-ci coordinator URL (e.g. https://gitlab.com )
https://gitlab.com

# 输入 Token
Please enter the gitlab-ci token for this runner
xxx

# 输入 tag, 注意要跟 job 的 tag 一致，后续详细说明
Please enter the gitlab-ci tags for this runner (comma separated):
my-tag,another-tag

# 选择 executor, 
Please enter the executor: ssh, docker+machine, docker-ssh+machine, kubernetes, docker, parallels, virtualbox, docker-ssh, shell:
docker

使用 tags

Runner 默认只会在配置了和自身 tags 一致的项目上运行，是为了防止 Runner 运行在大量项目上出现问题。

同时可以在 Runner 中取消该设置，允许 Runner 运行在无 tags 的项目上，配置如下

1. Visit your project’s Settings ➔ CI/CD
2. Find the Runner you wish and make sure it’s enabled
3. Click the pencil button
4. Check the Run untagged jobs option
5. Click Save changes for the changes to take effect

Executor 比较

Executor	SSH	Shell	VirtualBox	Parallels	Docker	Kubernetes
Clean build environment for every build	✗	✗	✓	✓	✓	✓
Migrate runner machine	✗	✗	partial	partial	✓	✓
Zero-configuration support for concurrent builds	✗	✗ (1)	✓	✓	✓	✓
Complicated build environments	✗	✗ (2)	✓ (3)	✓ (3)	✓	✓
Debugging build problems	easy	easy	hard	hard	medium	medium

1. It’s possible, but in most cases it is problematic if the build uses services installed on the build machine
2. It requires to install all dependencies by hand
3. For example using Vagrant

具体详细可参考这里

GitLab 中配置 Runner

在 GitLab 项目中新增.gitlab-ci.yml ，可以选择预先设置好的模版。

未完待续...