Flink : 0.12 (引擎版本影响不大)
hudi : 0.11.0-SNAPSHOT
Time: 2022/03/14
spark 适配同理
整体流程
- flink 对每一行数据进行处理,构造 recorderKey(包含分区路径)
- 通过 Hudi Metadata 获取指定分区路径所有满足条件的小文件(fileId)
- 对小文件进行构造生成 AssignState,通过计算历史平均每一行数据的大小,计算每个小文件还能再存入多少条数据。将 AssignState 用分区路径缓存。
- 对每行数据重复上述操作,如果是已经缓存过的分区路径,直接获取 AssginState,更新每个小文件剩余存入个数
- 如果小文件剩余容量不足,就会创建新的 fileId 进行写入
- 待 checkpoint 触发写出
源码分析
BucketAssignFunction.java
flink processElement,hudi 会通过其计算的每一条数据的 recordKey 得到 partitionPath
private HoodieRecordLocation getNewRecordLocation(String partitionPath) {
// // 通过 recordKey 得到 partitionPath,获取对应分区的小文件信息,观察下一个代码块
final BucketInfo bucketInfo = this.bucketAssigner.addInsert(partitionPath);
final HoodieRecordLocation location;
switch (bucketInfo.getBucketType()) {
case INSERT:
// This is an insert bucket, use HoodieRecordLocation instant time as "I".
// Downstream operators can then check the instant time to know whether
// a record belongs to an insert bucket.
location = new HoodieRecordLocation("I", bucketInfo.getFileIdPrefix());
break;
case UPDATE:
location = new HoodieRecordLocation("U", bucketInfo.getFileIdPrefix());
break;
default:
throw new AssertionError();
}
return location;
}
BucketAssigner.java
public BucketInfo addInsert(String partitionPath) {
// 获取小文件,观察下一个代码块,然后回来
SmallFileAssign smallFileAssign = getSmallFileAssign(partitionPath);
// assign 判断小文件是否还能再分配,不能超过 totalAssgin
if (smallFileAssign != null && smallFileAssign.assign()) {
return new BucketInfo(BucketType.UPDATE, smallFileAssign.getFileId(), partitionPath);
}
// 下面就是创建新的 fileId 写入
...
}
private synchronized SmallFileAssign getSmallFileAssign(String partitionPath) {
// 判断是否缓存了对应分区路径的小文件信息
if (smallFileAssignMap.containsKey(partitionPath)) {
return smallFileAssignMap.get(partitionPath);
}
// writeProfile.getSmallFiles 获取小文件,观察下一个代码块,然后回来
List smallFiles = smallFilesOfThisTask(writeProfile.getSmallFiles(partitionPath));
if (smallFiles.size() > 0) {
LOG.info("For partitionPath : " + partitionPath + " Small Files => " + smallFiles);
// 重点关注:
//
//注意这里:小文件返回后构造 assignState, 在初始化 SmallFileAssignState 时,会通过计算历史的平均每行数据的大小,如果没有,默认 1024 byte 作为每一行大小。
// 然后 (文件最大配置 - 小文件大小) / 平均行大小 = 这个小文件还能分配的行数(totalUnassigned
// 后续的 processElement 每次就会调用 SmallFileAssignState assigned 分配(如果 partitionUrl 相同),直到分配完
//
// // 重点关注:
SmallFileAssignState[] states = smallFiles.stream()
.map(smallFile -> new SmallFileAssignState(config.getParquetMaxFileSize(), smallFile, writeProfile.getAvgSize()))
.toArray(SmallFileAssignState[]::new);
SmallFileAssign assign = new SmallFileAssign(states);
smallFileAssignMap.put(partitionPath, assign);
return assign;
}
smallFileAssignMap.put(partitionPath, null);
return null;
}
WriteProfile.java
public synchronized List getSmallFiles(String partitionPath) {
// lookup the cache first
if (smallFilesMap.containsKey(partitionPath)) {
return smallFilesMap.get(partitionPath);
}
List smallFiles = new ArrayList<>();
if (config.getParquetSmallFileLimit() <= 0) {
this.smallFilesMap.put(partitionPath, smallFiles);
return smallFiles;
}
// 获取小文件,调用 smallFilesProfile
smallFiles = smallFilesProfile(partitionPath);
this.smallFilesMap.put(partitionPath, smallFiles);
return smallFiles;
}
// 非 MOR 表实现,MOR 表调用 DeltaWriteProfile.smallFIleProfile
protected List smallFilesProfile(String partitionPath) {
// smallFiles only for partitionPath
List smallFileLocations = new ArrayList<>();
HoodieTimeline commitTimeline = metaClient.getCommitsTimeline().filterCompletedInstants();
if (!commitTimeline.empty()) { // if we have some commits
HoodieInstant latestCommitTime = commitTimeline.lastInstant().get();
// 获取指定分区下的所有文件(使用 Metadata 获取的 fsView)
List allFiles = fsView
.getLatestBaseFilesBeforeOrOn(partitionPath, latestCommitTime.getTimestamp()).collect(Collectors.toList());
for (HoodieBaseFile file : allFiles) {
// 过滤出满足条件的文件
// 小于 hoodie.parquet.small.file.limit 默认 100M,并且大于 0 的文件
if (file.getFileSize() < config.getParquetSmallFileLimit() && file.getFileSize() > 0) {
String filename = file.getFileName();
SmallFile sf = new SmallFile();
sf.location = new HoodieRecordLocation(FSUtils.getCommitTime(filename), FSUtils.getFileId(filename));
sf.sizeBytes = file.getFileSize();
smallFileLocations.add(sf);
}
}
}
return smallFileLocations;
}
如果是 MOR 表,DeltaWriteProfile.java
@Override
protected List smallFilesProfile(String partitionPath) {
// smallFiles only for partitionPath
List smallFileLocations = new ArrayList<>();
// Init here since this class (and member variables) might not have been initialized
HoodieTimeline commitTimeline = metaClient.getCommitsTimeline().filterCompletedInstants();
// Find out all eligible small file slices
if (!commitTimeline.empty()) {
HoodieInstant latestCommitTime = commitTimeline.lastInstant().get();
// find the smallest file in partition and append to it
List allSmallFileSlices = new ArrayList<>();
// If we can index log files, we can add more inserts to log files for fileIds including those under
// pending compaction.
// 获取 base_file + log_file 的文件偏
List allFileSlices = fsView.getLatestFileSlicesBeforeOrOn(partitionPath, latestCommitTime.getTimestamp(), true)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
for (FileSlice fileSlice : allFileSlices) {
// 判断是否满足小文件的条件
// (baseFileSize + totalLogFileSize * ratio) < hoodie.parquet.max.file.size(120M)
// 这里的 ratio 是 hoodie.logfile.to.parquet.compression.ratio,默认 0.35
if (isSmallFile(fileSlice)) {
allSmallFileSlices.add(fileSlice);
}
}
// Create SmallFiles from the eligible file slices
for (FileSlice smallFileSlice : allSmallFileSlices) {
SmallFile sf = new SmallFile();
if (smallFileSlice.getBaseFile().isPresent()) {
// TODO : Move logic of file name, file id, base commit time handling inside file slice
String filename = smallFileSlice.getBaseFile().get().getFileName();
sf.location = new HoodieRecordLocation(FSUtils.getCommitTime(filename), FSUtils.getFileId(filename));
sf.sizeBytes = getTotalFileSize(smallFileSlice);
smallFileLocations.add(sf);
} else {
smallFileSlice.getLogFiles().findFirst().ifPresent(logFile -> {
// in case there is something error, and the file slice has no log file
sf.location = new HoodieRecordLocation(FSUtils.getBaseCommitTimeFromLogPath(logFile.getPath()),
FSUtils.getFileIdFromLogPath(logFile.getPath()));
sf.sizeBytes = getTotalFileSize(smallFileSlice);
smallFileLocations.add(sf);
});
}
}
}
return smallFileLocations;
}
注意点
- 解决小文件的方式不是追加写文件,而是使用相同的 fileId 生成新的版本号,所以可能会有文件数并没有降低的疑问。设置合适的版本历史和 clean service 自动清理历史版本数据