Web服务器性能测试工具介绍

web性能测试工具

相关工具：webbench 、Apache bench

压力测试相关指标

• 吞吐量（Requests per second， RPS），某个并发用户数下，单位时间内处理的请求数。

  注：RPS是基于并发用户数的。$RPS=Completerequests/Timetakenfortests$

• 并发连接数（The number of concurrent connections），指的是某个时刻服务器所接受的请求数目。

• 并发用户数（The number of concurrent users, Concurrency Level）

  注：与并发连接数的区别，一个用户可能同时产生多个会话，即连接数。

• 用户平均请求等待时间（Time per request）$Timeperrequest=Timetakenfortests/(Completerequests/ConcurrencyLevel)$

webbench

webbench的标准测试可以向我们展示服务器的两项内容：每秒钟相应请求数和每秒钟传输数据量。webbench不但能具有便准静态页面的测试能力，还能对动态页面（ASP,PHP,JAVA,CGI）进 行测试的能力。还有就是他支持对含有SSL的安全网站例如电子商务网站进行静态或动态的性能测试。Webbench最多可以模拟3万个并发连接去测试网站的负载能力。

http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/webbench.html

• webbench安装

  wget http://www.ha97.com/code/webbench-1.5.tar.gz
  tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
  cd webbench-1.5
  make
  make install
  

• webbench使用

  webbench -c 1000 -t 60 URL
  webbench -c 并发数 -t 运行测试时间 URL
  

• 命令行选项：

  短参	长参数	作用
  -f	–force	不需要等待服务器响应
  -r	–reload	发送重新加载请求
  -t	–time	运行多长时间，单位：秒"
  -p	–proxy server:port	使用代理服务器来发送请求
  -c	–clients	创建多少个客户端，默认1个"
  -9	–http09	使用 HTTP/0.9
  -1	–http10	使用 HTTP/1.0 协议
  -2	–http11	使用 HTTP/1.1 协议
  	–get	使用 GET请求方法
  	–head	使用 HEAD请求方法
  	–options	使用 OPTIONS请求方法
  	–trace	使用 TRACE请求方法
  -?/-h	–help	打印帮助信息
  -V	–version	显示版本号

Apache bench

ab命令会创建很多的并发访问线程，模拟多个访问者同时对某一URL地址进行访问。

• 命令行选项：

  Options are:
      -n requests     Number of requests to perform
      -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
      -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                      This implies -n 50000
      -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                      Default is 30 seconds
      -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
      -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
      -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
      -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
      -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
                      'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                      Default is 'text/plain'
      -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
      -w              Print out results in HTML tables
      -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
      -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
      -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
      -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
      -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
      -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                      Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
      -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                      are a colon separated username and password.
      -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                      are a colon separated username and password.
      -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
      -V              Print version number and exit
      -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
      -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
      -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
      -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
      -l              Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
      -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
      -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
      -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
      -m method       Method name
      -h              Display usage information (this message)
  
  

测试一下自己的web服务器

ab -n 10000 -c 100 URL

测试10000个请求，100并发的情况，对应的服务器配置，在VBOX下6G内存+4核CPU，在本机运行测试程序，测试结果如下

Server Software:
Server Hostname:        ****
Server Port:            ****

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        1131 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   119.681 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      11890000 bytes
HTML transferred:       11310000 bytes
Requests per second:    83.56 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1196.808 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       11.968 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          97.02 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   11  97.6      1    1015
Processing:     6 1176 1295.6    546    7227
Waiting:        1  814 1063.4    212    5327
Total:          7 1187 1303.6   1101    7228

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   1101
  66%   1263
  75%   1489
  80%   2234
  90%   3223
  95%   4226
  98%   5260
  99%   5336
 100%   7228 (longest request)

可以看到请求最长响应时间是7.2s，failed requests为0，RPS为83.56