master(2C/4G,cpu核心数要求大于2) | 192.168.80.11 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
---|---|---|
node01(2C/2G) | 192.168.80.12 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
node02(2C/2G) | 192.168.80.13 | docker、kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、flannel |
Harbor节点(hub.gxd.com) | 192.168.80.14 | docker、docker-compose、harbor-offline-v1.2.2 |
1.在所有节点上安装Docker和kubeadm
2.部署Kubernetes Master
3.部署容器网络插件
4.部署Kubernetes Node,将节点加入Kubernetes集群中
5.部署Dashboard Web 页面,可视化查看Kubernetes资源
6.部署Harbor私有仓库,存放镜像资源
1.所有节点,关闭防火墙规则,关闭selinux,关闭swap交换
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X
swapoff -a #交换分区必须要关闭
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab #永久关闭swap分区,&符号在sed命令中代表上次匹配的结果
2.加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done
3.修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02
4.所有节点修改hosts文件
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.80.11 master01
192.168.80.12 node01
192.168.80.13 node02
5.调整内核参数
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1 #开启网桥模式,可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1 #关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
//生效参数
sysctl --system
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://6ijb8ubo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
}
}
EOF
#使用Systemd管理的Cgroup来进行资源控制与管理,因为相对Cgroupfs而言,Systemd限制CPU、内存等资源更加简单和成熟稳定。
#日志使用json-file格式类型存储,大小为100M,保存在/var/log/containers目录下,方便ELK等日志系统收集和管理日志。
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service
docker info | grep "Cgroup Driver"
Cgroup Driver: systemd
1.定义kubernetes源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum install -y kubelet-1.15.1 kubeadm-1.15.1 kubectl-1.15.1
2.开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet.service
#K8S通过kubeadm安装出来以后都是以Pod方式存在,即底层是以容器方式运行,所以kubelet必须设置开机自启
kubeadm config images list
cd /opt
tar zxvf kubeadm-basic.images.tar.gz
for i in $(ls /opt/kubeadm-basic.images/*.tar); do docker load -i $i; done #加载镜像
scp -r kubeadm-basic.images root@node01:/opt
scp -r kubeadm-basic.images root@node02:/opt
for i in $(ls /opt/kubeadm-basic.images/*.tar); do docker load -i $i; done
方法一:
kubeadm config print init-defaults > /opt/kubeadm-config.yaml
cd /opt/
vim kubeadm-config.yaml
......
11 localAPIEndpoint:
12 advertiseAddress: 192.168.80.11 #指定master节点的IP地址
13 bindPort: 6443
......
34 kubernetesVersion: v1.15.1 #指定kubernetes版本号
35 networking:
36 dnsDomain: cluster.local
37 podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16" #指定pod网段,10.244.0.0/16用于匹配flannel默认网段
38 serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16 #指定service网段
39 scheduler: {}
--- #末尾再添加以下内容
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
featureGates:
SupportIPVSProxyMode: true
mode: ipvs #把默认的service调度方式改为ipvs模式
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --experimental-upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log
#--experimental-upload-certs 参数可以在后续执行加入节点时自动分发证书文件,k8sV1.16版本开始替换为 --upload-certs
#tee kubeadm-init.log 用以输出日志
//查看 kubeadm-init 日志
less kubeadm-init.log
//kubernetes配置文件目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/
//存放ca等证书和密码的目录
ls /etc/kubernetes/pki
方法二:
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=0.0.0.0 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version=v1.15.1 \
--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
==========================================================
初始化集群需使用kubeadm init命令,可以指定具体参数初始化,也可以指定配置文件初始化。
可选参数:
--apiserver-advertise-address:apiserver的监听地址
--apiserver-bind-port:apiserver的监听端口,默认是6443
--cert-dir:通讯的ssl证书文件,默认/etc/kubernetes/pki
--control-plane-endpoint:控制台平面的共享终端,可以是负载均衡的ip地址或者dns域名,高可用集群时需要添加
--image-repository:拉取镜像的镜像仓库,默认是k8s.gcr.io
--kubernetes-version:指定kubernetes版本
--pod-network-cidr:pod资源的网段,需与pod网络插件的值设置一致。通常,Flannel网络插件的默认为10.244.0.0/16,Calico插件的默认值为192.168.0.0/16;
--service-cidr:service资源的网段
--service-dns-domain:service全域名的后缀,默认是cluster.local
==========================================================
方法二初始化后需要修改 kube-proxy 的 configmap,开启 ipvs
命令:kubectl edit cm kube-proxy -n=kube-system
修改mode: ipvs
提示:
......
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.80.11:6443 --token rc0kfs.a1sfe3gl4dvopck5 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:864fe553c812df2af262b406b707db68b0fd450dc08b34efb73dd5a4771d37a2
//设定kubectl
kubectl需经由API server认证及授权后方能执行相应的管理操作,kubeadm 部署的集群为其生成了一个具有管理员权限的认证配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf,它可由 kubectl 通过默认的 “$HOME/.kube/config” 的路径进行加载。
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
//在两个node节点上执行 kubeadm join 命令加入群集
kubeadm join 192.168.80.11:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:084191f46776d312bd2af72e20a3cdd9bd68ec4bcea7aa152f9680150df76804
方法一:
//所有节点上传flannel镜像 flannel.tar 到 /opt 目录,master节点上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件
cd /opt
docker load -i flannel.tar
//在master节点创建flannel资源
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
方法二:
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
命令:kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
1.kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
2.kubectl get pods -o wide
1.kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
2.kubectl get svc
curl http://192.168.80.11:31571或curl http://node01:31571
1.kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
2.kubectl get pods -o wide
方法一:
//所有节点上传dashboard镜像 dashboard.tar 到 /opt 目录,master节点上传kubernetes-dashboard.yaml文件
cd /opt/
docker load < dashboard.tar
kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
方法二:
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
kubectl get pods,svc -n kube-system -o wide
https://node02:30001/
https://192.168.80.13:30001/
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
hostnamectl set-hostname hub.gxd.com
echo '192.168.80.14 hub.gxd.com' >> /etc/hosts
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://6ijb8ubo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"insecure-registries": ["https://hub.gxd.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://6ijb8ubo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"insecure-registries": ["https://hub.gxd.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
1.cd /opt
2.移动两个包进/opt目录
3.cp docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
4.chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
5.tar zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.2.2.tgz
6.cd harbor/
7.vim harbor.cfg
hostname = hub.kgc.com #第5行
ui_url_protocol = https #第9行
ssl_cert = /data/cert/server.crt #第24行
ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/server.key #第25行
harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345 #第59行
mkdir -p /data/cert
cd /data/cert
#生成私钥
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
输入两遍密码:123456
#生成证书签名请求文件
openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
输入私钥密码:123456
输入国家名:CN
输入省名:BJ
输入市名:BJ
输入组织名:KGC
输入机构名:KGC
输入域名:hub.kgc.com
输入管理员邮箱:[email protected]
其它全部直接回车
#备份私钥
cp server.key server.key.org
#清除私钥密码
openssl rsa -in server.key.org -out server.key
输入私钥密码:123456
#签名证书
openssl x509 -req -days 1000 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
chmod +x /data/cert/*
cd /opt/harbor/
./install.sh
https://hub.gxd.com
用户名:admin
密码:Harbor12345
docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 https://hub.gxd.com
docker tag nginx:latest hub.gxd.com/library/nginx:gxd111
docker push hub.gxd.com/library/nginx:gxd111
1.kubectl delete deployment nginx
2.kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=hub.gxd.com/library/nginx:gxd111 --port=80 --replicas=3
3.kubectl expose deployment nginx-deployment --port=30000 --target-port=80 #做端口映射,集群端口与pod端口
4.kubectl get svc,pods
5.yum install ipvsadm -y
ipvsadm -Ln
6.curl 10.100.118.35:30000 #集群ip+集群端口
7.kubectl edit svc nginx-deployment
8.kubectl get svc
9.浏览器访问:
192.168.80.11:30189
192.168.80.12:30189
192.168.80.13:30189
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <