python3GUI--打造一款时间管理工具By:PyQt5（附源码）

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本次依然使用PyQt5，打造一款时间管理工具，支持两种时间格式的显示、全屏、窗口的切换以及一些个性化的设置，可以用作计时器或者屏幕保护。

一．准备工作

1.PyQt5

pyqt5是一套Python绑定Digia QT5应用的框架。它可用于Python 2和3。本教程使用Python 3。Qt库是最强大的GUI库之一。pyqt5的官方网站http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/news。
pyqt5做为Python的一个模块，它有620多个类和6000个函数和方法。这是一个跨平台的工具包，它可以运行在所有主要的操作系统，包括UNIX，Windows，Mac OS。pyqt5是双重许可。开发者可以在GPL和商业许可之间进行选择。

2.Qt Designer

Qt设计师（Qt Designer）是使用Qt部件（Widgets）设计和使用图形用户界面（GUI）的工具。它允许我们以所见即所得的方式构建和定制自己的窗口（Windows）或对话框（Dialogs）并提供了不同的方法来测试它们。

二．预览

1.启动

启动软件后，就会进入软件设置界面，通过选择时间显示格式、显示模式、颜色其他设置，可以预览要展示的时间。

2.开始

点击开始后，就会进入软件主界面，软件会根据用户选择的模式和设置展示当前时间。

3.自定义样式

可以自定义日期时间显示样式

三．设计流程

1.UI设计

1.my_time.ui

此为启动界面，整体垂直布局，局部水平布局。
2.my_timer.ui

此为主界面，整体水平布局。

四．源代码

1.time_manger.py（主程序调用）

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from my_time import Ui_Set_Window
from my_timer import Ui_MainWindow

class My_Time(QDialog):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.ui=Ui_Set_Window()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)
        self.main_ui=mainwindow()
        self.background_color_rgb_str="rgb(255, 255, 255)"#lcd背景颜色初始化
        self.font_color_rgb_str="rgb(0, 0, 0)"#lcd字体颜色初始化
        self.dateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"#日期格式初始化
        self.lcd_number = 19#lcd位数初始化
        self.full_size_flag=1
        self.ui.radioButton.toggled.connect(self.process_radiobtn)
        self.ui.radioButton_2.toggled.connect(self.process_radiobtn2)
        self.ui.radioButton_5.toggled.connect(self.process_radiobtn5)
        self.ui.radioButton_6.toggled.connect(self.process_radiobtn6)
        self.ui.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.select_background_color)
        self.ui.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.select_font_color)
        self.ui.pushButton_4.clicked.connect(self.start_timer)
        current_time = QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString(self.dateTimeFormat)
        self.ui.lcdNumber.display(current_time)
        qss_str = """ border: 2px solid black; color: {background_color} ; background:{font_color};""".replace(
            "{font_color}", self.font_color_rgb_str).replace(" {background_color}", self.background_color_rgb_str)
        self.ui.lcdNumber.setStyleSheet(qss_str)

    def process_radiobtn5(self):
        if self.ui.radioButton_5.isChecked():
            self.main_ui.full_size_flag = True
        else:
            self.main_ui.full_size_flag = False

    def process_radiobtn6(self):
        if self.ui.radioButton_6.isChecked():
            self.main_ui.full_size_flag=False
        else:
            self.main_ui.full_size_flag=True

    def process_radiobtn(self):
        if self.ui.radioButton.isChecked():
            self.dateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
            self.lcd_number=19
            current_time = QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString(self.dateTimeFormat)
            self.ui.lcdNumber.display(current_time)

    def process_radiobtn2(self):
        if self.ui.radioButton_2.isChecked():
            self.dateTimeFormat="HH:mm:ss"
            self.lcd_number=8
            current_time = QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString(self.dateTimeFormat)
            self.ui.lcdNumber.display(current_time)

    def select_background_color(self):
        color=QColorDialog.getColor()
        if color.isValid():
            self.background_color_rgb_str=f"rgb({color.red()},{color.green()},{color.blue()})"
            qss_str = """ border: 2px solid black; color: {background_color} ; background:{font_color};""".replace(
                "{font_color}", self.font_color_rgb_str).replace(" {background_color}", self.background_color_rgb_str)
            self.ui.lcdNumber.setStyleSheet(qss_str)

    def select_font_color(self):
        color=QColorDialog.getColor()
        if color.isValid():
            self.font_color_rgb_str=f"rgb({color.red()},{color.green()},{color.blue()})"
            qss_str = """ border: 2px solid black; color: {background_color} ; background:{font_color};""".replace(
                "{font_color}", self.font_color_rgb_str).replace(" {background_color}", self.background_color_rgb_str)
            self.ui.lcdNumber.setStyleSheet(qss_str)

    def start_timer(self,):
        #窗口关闭，发射信号,启动主窗口
        self.main_ui.set_lcd_number.emit(self.lcd_number)
        self.main_ui.time_format.emit(self.dateTimeFormat)
        qss_str=""" border: 2px solid black; color: {background_color} ; background:{font_color};""".replace("{font_color}",self.font_color_rgb_str).replace(" {background_color}",self.background_color_rgb_str)
        self.main_ui.set_qss_single.emit(qss_str)
        if self.ui.checkBox_2.isChecked():
            self.main_ui.show_time_on_title_flag=True
        else:
            self.main_ui.show_time_on_title_flag=False
        self.hide()
        self.main_ui.show()
        self.main_ui.start()

    def closeEvent(self,event):
        reply = QMessageBox.question(self, '关闭', "确定要退出吗？",
                                     QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes)
        if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
            event.accept()
        else:
            event.ignore()

class mainwindow(QMainWindow):
    set_qss_single=pyqtSignal(str)
    set_lcd_number=pyqtSignal(int)
    time_format=pyqtSignal(str)
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.ui=Ui_MainWindow()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)
        self.set_qss_single.connect(self.set_lcd_qss)
        self.time_format.connect(self.set_time_format)
        self.set_lcd_number.connect(self.set_lcd_number_)
        self.show_time_on_title_flag=True
        self.full_size_flag=True

    def do_procress_full_size(self,flag):
        if flag==True:
            self.showFullScreen()#全屏幕
        elif flag==False:
            self.showNormal()#正常窗口化

    def start(self):
        self.timer = QTimer(self)
        self.timer.setInterval(1000)
        self.do_procress_full_size(self.full_size_flag)
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.show_current_time)
        self.timer.start()

    @pyqtSlot(str)
    def set_lcd_qss(self,qss):
        self.ui.lcdNumber.setStyleSheet(qss)

    @pyqtSlot(int)
    def set_lcd_number_(self,number):
        self.lcd_number=number
        self.ui.lcdNumber.setDigitCount(number)

    @pyqtSlot(str)
    def set_time_format(self,time_fmt):
        self.time_fmt=time_fmt

    def show_current_time(self):
        if self.lcd_number==19:
            current_time=QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString(self.time_fmt)
        else:
            current_time=QTime.currentTime().toString(self.time_fmt)
        if self.show_time_on_title_flag:
            self.setWindowTitle(current_time)
        else:
            self.setWindowTitle("时间管理")
        self.ui.lcdNumber.display(current_time)

    def closeEvent(self,event):
        reply = QMessageBox.question(self, '关闭', "确定要退出吗？",
                                     QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes)
        if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
            event.accept()
            ui.show()
            self.timer.stop()
        else:
            event.ignore()

    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() == Qt.Key_Escape:  # 当我们按住键盘是esc按键时
            self.close()  # 关闭程序
            ui.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app=QApplication(sys.argv)
    ui=My_Time()
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2.my_time.py（设置界面）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets

class Ui_Set_Window(object):
    def setupUi(self, Dialog):
        Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
        Dialog.setEnabled(True)
        Dialog.resize(461, 410)
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(Dialog)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Dialog)
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.groupBox)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.radioButton = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.radioButton.setChecked(True)
        self.radioButton.setObjectName("radioButton")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.radioButton)
        self.radioButton_2 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.radioButton_2.setObjectName("radioButton_2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.radioButton_2)
        self.horizontalLayout.setStretch(0, 2)
        self.horizontalLayout.setStretch(1, 1)
        self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.groupBox)
        self.groupBox_4 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Dialog)
        self.groupBox_4.setObjectName("groupBox_4")
        self.verticalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.groupBox_4)
        self.verticalLayout_3.setObjectName("verticalLayout_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_7 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_7.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_7")
        self.radioButton_5 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox_4)
        self.radioButton_5.setChecked(True)
        self.radioButton_5.setObjectName("radioButton_5")
        self.horizontalLayout_7.addWidget(self.radioButton_5)
        self.radioButton_6 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox_4)
        self.radioButton_6.setObjectName("radioButton_6")
        self.horizontalLayout_7.addWidget(self.radioButton_6)
        self.horizontalLayout_7.setStretch(0, 2)
        self.horizontalLayout_7.setStretch(1, 1)
        self.verticalLayout_3.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_7)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.groupBox_4)
        self.groupBox_3 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Dialog)
        self.groupBox_3.setObjectName("groupBox_3")
        self.horizontalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.groupBox_3)
        self.horizontalLayout_4.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_3")
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox_3)
        self.pushButton_2.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(100, 0))
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)
        spacerItem = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox_3)
        self.pushButton.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(100, 0))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        spacerItem1 = QtWidgets.QSpacerItem(40, 20, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum)
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addItem(spacerItem1)
        self.checkBox_2 = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self.groupBox_3)
        self.checkBox_2.setChecked(True)
        self.checkBox_2.setObjectName("checkBox_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.checkBox_2)
        self.horizontalLayout_4.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_3)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.groupBox_3)
        self.groupBox_2 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Dialog)
        self.groupBox_2.setObjectName("groupBox_2")
        self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.groupBox_2)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")
        self.lcdNumber = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(self.groupBox_2)
        self.lcdNumber.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.LeftToRight)
        self.lcdNumber.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.NoFrame)
        self.lcdNumber.setSmallDecimalPoint(True)
        self.lcdNumber.setDigitCount(19)
        self.lcdNumber.setSegmentStyle(QtWidgets.QLCDNumber.Filled)
        self.lcdNumber.setProperty("value", 0.0)
        self.lcdNumber.setProperty("intValue", 0)
        self.lcdNumber.setObjectName("lcdNumber")
        self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.lcdNumber)
        self.horizontalLayout_2.setStretch(0, 10)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.groupBox_2)
        self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(Dialog)
        self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)
        self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)
        self.frame.setObjectName("frame")
        self.horizontalLayout_5 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.frame)
        self.horizontalLayout_5.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_5")
        self.horizontalLayout_6 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
        self.horizontalLayout_6.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_6")
        self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")
        self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.pushButton_4)
        self.pushButton_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)
        self.pushButton_5.setObjectName("pushButton_5")
        self.horizontalLayout_6.addWidget(self.pushButton_5)
        self.horizontalLayout_5.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_6)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.frame)

        self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
        self.pushButton_5.clicked.connect(Dialog.close)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)

    def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "时间管理"))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("Dialog", "时间显示格式"))
        self.radioButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "年:月：日 时:分:秒"))
        self.radioButton_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "时:分:秒"))
        self.groupBox_4.setTitle(_translate("Dialog", "模式选择"))
        self.radioButton_5.setText(_translate("Dialog", "全屏"))
        self.radioButton_6.setText(_translate("Dialog", "窗口"))
        self.groupBox_3.setTitle(_translate("Dialog", "颜色、其他设置"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "字体色"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "背景色"))
        self.checkBox_2.setText(_translate("Dialog", "窗口标题为当前时间"))
        self.groupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("Dialog", "预览"))
        self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("Dialog", "开始"))
        self.pushButton_5.setText(_translate("Dialog", "退出"))

3.my_timer.py（主界面）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(574, 329)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.lcdNumber = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(self.centralwidget)
        self.lcdNumber.setSmallDecimalPoint(True)
        self.lcdNumber.setDigitCount(8)
        self.lcdNumber.setMode(QtWidgets.QLCDNumber.Dec)
        self.lcdNumber.setProperty("value", 0.0)
        self.lcdNumber.setObjectName("lcdNumber")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lcdNumber)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "时间管理"))

五．总结

本次使用PyQt5制作了一款时间管理工具，可以当做时钟或者屏幕保护，简约大方。本次主要练习了QTimer、QLcdNumber、信号与槽机制。最后希望大家管理好自己的时间，珍惜每分每秒，程序打包好放在了蓝奏云，ui文件也打包好放在了蓝奏云。思路、代码方面有什么不足欢迎各位大佬指正、批评！