Centos7下利用Multipass创建Ubuntu18虚拟机（踩坑记录）
Centos7下利用Multipass创建Ubuntu18虚拟机（踩坑记录）
- No package epel-release available
- Error: Package: snapd-selinux-2.49-2.el7.noarch (epel)
- 安装过程
-
- snap安装
- 安装 multipass
直接给出我参考的博文（都需要）：
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/multipass-is-a-new-tool-for-launching-virtual-machines/（强推，讲的很清晰，照着做就行）
https://multipass.run/（讲的不简洁，有兴趣可以看看）
踩过的坑：
No package epel-release available
使用yum install epel-release命令安装EPEL报错的
root@node11:~$ sudo yum install epel-release
No package epel-release available.
Error: Nothing to do
网上主流方法： 修改一些配置文件，我就不赘述了，一搜一大堆
我的方法：
install the EPEL repository on CentOS-7 by this command:
$ rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
参考了https://www.shellhacks.com/epel-repo-centos-8-7-6-install/，centos6/8只需要将我命令对应版本号改了就行。
Error: Package: snapd-selinux-2.49-2.el7.noarch (epel)
这是安装snap出现的错误
root@node11:~$ sudo yum install snapd
Error: Package: snapd-selinux-2.49-2.el7.noarch (epel)
Requires: selinux-policy-base >= 3.13.1-268.el7_9.2
Installed: selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-229.el7.noarch (@anaconda)
selinux-policy-base = 3.13.1-229.el7
Available: selinux-policy-minimum-3.13.1-229.el7.noarch (local-centos7.6-x86_64--install-centos7.6-x86_64)
selinux-policy-base = 3.13.1-229.el7
Available: selinux-policy-mls-3.13.1-229.el7.noarch (local-centos7.6-x86_64--install-centos7.6-x86_64)
selinux-policy-base = 3.13.1-229.el7
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
rdma-core-devel-51mlnx1-1.51066.x86_64 has missing requires of pkgconfig(libnl-3.0)
rdma-core-devel-51mlnx1-1.51066.x86_64 has missing requires of pkgconfig(libnl-route-3.0)
这两篇文章都给出了很好的解决方法：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39195042/article/details/109641161
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/617912/unable-to-install-snapd-on-centos-7-due-to-dependency-error
错误原因就是** selinux-policy-base >= 3.13.1-268.el7 **依赖的版本要大于3.13.1.268
需要重新安装 selinux-policy 和 selinux-policy-targeted
移除 selinux-policy
$ yum remove selinux-policy
安装对应依赖
$ sudo yum install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/updates/x86_64/Packages/selinux-policy-3.13.1-268.el7_9.2.noarch.rpm
$ sudo yum install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/updates/x86_64/Packages/selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-268.el7_9.2.noarch.rpm
安装过程
snap安装
向centos7添加EPEL
$ sudo yum install epel-release
centos8请使用：
$ sudo dnf install epel-release
$ sudo dnf upgrade
将EPEL存储库添加到Centos安装中后，只需安装snapd软件包：
sudo yum install snapd
安装后，需要启用管理主snap通信套接字的systemd单元：
$ sudo systemctl enable --now snapd.socket
在/var/lib/snap/snap和/snap之间创建符号链接：
$ sudo ln -s /var/lib/snapd/snap /snap
安装 multipass
root@node11:~$ sudo snap install multipass
2021-03-19T16:13:18+08:00 INFO Waiting for automatic snapd restart...
multipass 1.6.2 from Canonical✓ installed
找到所有可用的Ubuntu镜像
root@node11:~$ multipass find
Image Aliases Version Description
snapcraft:core18 20201111 Snapcraft builder for Core 18
snapcraft:core20 20201111 Snapcraft builder for Core 20
snapcraft:core 20210316 Snapcraft builder for Core 16
core core16 20200818 Ubuntu Core 16
core18 20200812 Ubuntu Core 18
16.04 xenial 20210316 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
18.04 bionic 20210315.1 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
20.04 focal,lts 20210315 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
20.10 groovy 20210315 Ubuntu 20.10
daily:21.04 devel,hirsute 20210317 Ubuntu 21.04
appliance:adguard-home 20200812 Ubuntu AdGuard Home Appliance
appliance:mosquitto 20200812 Ubuntu Mosquitto Appliance
appliance:nextcloud 20200812 Ubuntu Nextcloud Appliance
appliance:openhab 20200812 Ubuntu openHAB Home Appliance
appliance:plexmediaserver 20200812 Ubuntu Plex Media Server Appliance
安装Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
root@node11:~$ multipass launch 18.04
Launched: active-squirrelfish
然后，我们可以检查它是否使用以下命令运行：
root@node11:~$ multipass list
Name State IPv4 Image
active-squirrelfish Running 10.105.212.57 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
连接
root@node11:~$ multipass shell active-squirrelfish
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.15.0-137-generic x86_64)