JAVA时间类型
本文介绍JAVA的几种时间类型的使用：Date、Calendar、LocalDate 、LocalTime、LocalDateTime、Instant
Date
#获取当前时间
Date date = new Date(); #Thu Dec 30 11:59:02 CST 2021
#格式化当前时间1
Date date = new Date();
DateFormat df2 = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance();
String format = df2.format(date); #2021-12-30 12:00:05
#格式化时间2
Date date = new Date()
DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String value = format.format(date); #2021-12-30 12:00:05#获取时间戳的三种方式
long l = System.currentTimeMillis();
long timeInMillis = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis();
long time = new Date().getTime();date获取年月日的方法基本已经作废了就不演示了
Calendar
我们可以把Calendar看做是Date类的增强版，因为Calendar类提供了一组方法，允许将一个以毫秒为单位的时间转换成年、月、日、时、分、秒、星期等。我们可以把Calendar类看做是万年历，默认显示的是当时间，同时也可以查看其他时间。如下：（其实，Calendar底层也是通过new Date() 获取Date实例）
#获取当前时间
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
Date date2 = calendar.getTime();
String value= dateFormat.format(date2)
#获取年
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
#获取月
int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1; //月(从0开始,故要+1):11
#获取本月当前时间的日 月有28-31天
int dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); #方案1
int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DATE);#方案2
#获取本年当前的日 年有365-366天
int dayOfYear = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
#获取当前时间小时
int hourOfDay = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); #时(24小时制)
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR); #时(12小时制)
#获取当前时间 分
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
#获取当前时间 秒
int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
#获取当前时间毫秒
int millisecond = calendar.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND);
#获取星期几 先判断一周的第一天是不是星期天;如果是,则-1;
int dayOfWeek = calendar.getFirstDayOfWeek() == Calendar.SUNDAY ? calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK) - 1 : calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);LocalDate 只包含年月日
获取年月日
#获取当前 年 月 日
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now(); #2021-12-30
//构造指定的年月日
LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.of(1998, 12, 10); #结果2019-09-10
#获取当前 年
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int year = today.getYear();
#获取当前 月
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
Month month = today.getMonthValue();查询 | 修改年份日期等
#获取当前日期是 本周的第几天
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.getDayOfWeek().getValue();
#获取当前日期是本月的第几天
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.getDayOfMonth();
#获取当前日期是本年的第几天
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.getDayOfYear();
#修改该日期的年份
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.withYear(1998); #结果 1998-12-30
#修改当前的日期的月份
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.withMonth(2); #结果 2021-02-28
#修改该日期当月的天数
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.withDayOfMonth(12);判断比较
#判断是否是闰年
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
boolean leapYear = today.isLeapYear();
#判断该年是356还是366天
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.lengthOfYear();
#当前月份有多少天
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.lengthOfMonth();
#比较该日期月其他日期的大小，返回正数 ，那么当前的对象时间较晚(数字较大)
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate today2 = LocalDate.now();
int value = today.compareTo(today2);
#比较该日期是否比参数日期早(true为早)
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate today2 = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today2.withMonth(4); #只能判断年月日，时分秒无法判断，所以这里修改了月份 4
boolean before = localDate.isBefore(today);
#比较该日期是否比参数日期晚(true为晚)
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate today2 = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today2.withMonth(4);
boolean before = localDate.isAfter(today);
#比较两个日期是否相等
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate today2 = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today2.withMonth(4);
boolean before = localDate.isEqual(today);在原有的年份上增加年份
#在该日期增加指定年数，也就是当前年份 +n 年
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.plusYears(3);
#在该日期增加指定月份，也就是当前月+ n 月
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.plusMonths(3);
#在该日期增加指定周数，也是n周后的日期
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.plusWeeks(1);
#在该日期增加指定的天数，例如今天30号+1 就是31号
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.plusDays(1);在原有的年份上减少年份
#在该年份上减少年份, 例如2021年减1=2020
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.minusYears(1);
#在该月份上减少月份, 例如12月减1=11月
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.minusMonths(1);
#在该日期减少指定的周数, 例如今天8号减1=1号
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.minusWeeks(1);
#在该日期减少指定天数，今天30号,减1=29号
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate localDate = today.minusDays(1);LocalTime 只包含日期
#获取当前时间
LocalTime time = LocalTime.now(); # 10:42:57.151
#格式化 当前时间
DateTimeFormatter df = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss");
String format = df.format(now); # 11:49:52
#构造指定时间
LocalTime specificTime = LocalTime.of(12, 12, 12, 12); #结果 12:12:12.000000012
#时区指定(Asia/Shanghai,GMT+8)
LocalTime timeKolkata = LocalTime.now(ZoneId.of("GMT+8")); #10:48:52.490 LocalDateTime 包含日期和时间 *使用推荐*
#获取秒数
Long second = LocalDateTime.now().toEpochSecond(ZoneOffset.of("+8"));
#获取毫秒数
Long milliSecond = LocalDateTime.now().toInstant(ZoneOffset.of("+8")).toEpochMilli();
#获取当前时间
LocalDateTime nowTime= LocalDateTime.now(); #2021-12-30T11:43:28.219
#当前时间格式化
LocalDateTime nowTime= LocalDateTime.now();
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");# 2021-12-30 11:44:32
#自定义时间 of(int year, int month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond)
LocalDateTime endTime = LocalDateTime.of(2021, 12, 30, 12, 10, 11,00); #2021-12-30T12:10:11
#获取年份
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int year = nowTime.getYear();
#获取月份
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int monthValue = nowTime.getMonthValue();
#获取日
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int dayofMonth = nowTime.getDayOfMonth();
#时
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int hour = nowTime.getHour();
#分
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int minute = nowTime.getMinute();
#秒
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int second = nowTime.getSecond();
#星期几
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
DayOfWeek dayofWeek = nowTime.getDayOfWeek();
#今天是今年的第几天
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
int dayofYear = nowTime.getDayOfYear();判断比较
#比较该日期是否比参数日期早(true为早)
boolean isBefore = nowTime.isBefore(endTime);、
#比较该日期是否比参数日期晚(true为晚)
boolean isAfter = nowTime.isAfter(endTime);
#比较两个日期是否相等(true为相等)
boolean euqal =nowTime.equals(endTime);在原有的年份上减少年份
#在该年份上减少n年份, 例如2021年减1=2020
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusYears = nowTime.minusYears(1);
#在该月份上减少n月份, 例如12月减1=11月
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusMonths = nowTime.minusMonths(1);
#在该日期减少n的周数, 例如今天8号减1=1号
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime BeforeWeek = nowTime.minusWeeks(1);
#在该日期减少n天数, 例如今天30号,减1=29号
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusDays = nowTime.minusDays(1);
#在该日期减少n小时, 例如现在11点减1=10点
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusHours = nowTime.minusHours(1);
#该日期减少n分钟, 例如现在60分减1=59分
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusMinutes = nowTime.minusMinutes(1);
#该日期减少n秒钟,例如现在60秒减1=59秒
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusSeconds = nowTime.minusSeconds(1);
#灵活的减少 params1,指定增加的数;params2 指定要减少年,月,日还是时,分,秒
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime minusTime = nowTime.minus(3, ChronoUnit.MONTHS);在原有的年份上增加年份
#在该日期增加指定年数，也就是当前年份 +n 年
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusYears = nowTime.plusYears(1);
#在该日期增加指定月份，也就是当前月+ n 月
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusMonths = nowTime.plusMonths(1);
#在该日期增加指定周数，也是n周后的日期
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime AfterWeek = nowTime.plusWeeks(1);
#在该日期增加指定的天数，例如今天30号+1 就是31号
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusDays = nowTime.plusDays(1);
#在该日期增加n小时, 例如现在10点加1=11点
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusHours = nowTime.plusHours(1);
#该日期增加n分钟, 例如现在59分加1=60分
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusMinutes = nowTime.plusMinutes(1);
#该日期增加n秒钟, 例如现在59秒加1=60秒
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusSeconds = nowTime.plusSeconds(1);
#灵活的增加 params1,指定增加的数;params2 指定要增加年,月,日还是时,分,秒
LocalDateTime nowTime = LocalDateTime.now();
LocalDateTime plusTime = nowTime.plus(3, ChronoUnit.MONTHS);Instant
#获取当前时间戳
Instant now = Instant.now(); #以ISO-8601输出 2021-12-30T03:23:33.167Z 时间少了八小时
Instant now = Instant.now().plusMillis(TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(8)); #时间正常 不少八小时
#格式化当前时间
Instant now = Instant.now();
DateTimeFormatter dateFormat = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd").withZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());
String format = dateFormat.format(now); #2021-12-30 11:54:24 没有少八小时
#获得当前时间戳并且增加n毫秒
Instant instant1 = Instant.now().plusMillis(3);
#获得当前时间戳并且减少n毫秒
Instant instant2 = Instant.now().minusMillis(3);
#比较该日期是否比参数日期晚(true为晚)
instant.isAfter(instant1);
#比较该日期是否比参数日期早(true为早)
instant.isBefore(instant1);
#比较两个日期是否相等(true为相等)
instant.equals(instant1);
#获得当前时间戳并增加1小时 通过TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(1)将小时转换为毫秒，然后通过plusMillis增加
Instant instant3 = Instant.now().plusMillis(TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(1));
#获取时间戳instant和instant3相差天数，返回long类型,如果小于1天，都算零天，大于等于1天，小于2天算一天
instant.until(instant3, ChronoUnit.DAYS);
#获取时间戳instant和instant3相差的小时数，返回long类型
instant.until(instant3, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
#获取时间戳instant和instant3相差的毫秒数，返回long类型
instant.until(instant3, ChronoUnit.MILLIS);
实用案例
实体类中可以用这个注解在字段上
@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8")
private Date modifyDate; 时间格式的区别：
2019-12-31 to yyyy-MM-dd: 2019-12-31
2019-12-31 to YYYY-MM-dd: 2020-12-31
y：year-of-era；正正经经的年，即元旦过后;
Y：week-based-year；只要本周跨年，那么这周就算入下一年;
就比如说今年(2019-2020) 12.31 这一周是跨年的一周，而 12.31 是周二，那使用 YYYY 的话会显示 2020，使用 yyyy 则会从 1.1 才开始算是 2020。| H |
小时(24小时制) |
HH:mm:ss --> 14:53:11 |
| h |
小时(12小时制) |
HH:mm:ss --> 14:53:11 |
jsp页面转换时间戳
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
ajax返回时间格式转换
function renderTime(date) {
var dateee = new Date(date).toJSON();
return new Date(+new Date(dateee) + 8 * 3600 * 1000).toISOString().replace(/T/g, ' ').replace(/\.[\d]{3}Z/, '')
}获取昨天日期
public static String getYesterdayStr() {
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
SimpleDateFormat startSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return startSdf.format(c.getTime());
}获取上周第一天
public static String getWeekStartDay() {
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK,2);
c.add(Calendar.DATE, -7);
SimpleDateFormat startSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd 00:00:00");
return startSdf.format(c.getTime());
}获取上周最后一天
public static String getWeekEndDay() {
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK,2);
c.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
SimpleDateFormat endSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd 23:59:59");
return endSdf.format(c.getTime());
}
获取上月第一天
public static String getMonthStartDay() {
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.add(Calendar.MONTH, -1);
c.set(c.get(Calendar.YEAR), c.get(Calendar.MONTH), c.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH), 23, 59, 59);
SimpleDateFormat startSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-01 00:00:00");
return startSdf.format(c.getTime());
}获取上月最后一天
public static String getMonthEndDay() {
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.add(Calendar.MONTH, -1);
c.set(c.get(Calendar.YEAR), c.get(Calendar.MONTH), c.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH), 23, 59, 59);
SimpleDateFormat endSdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return endSdf.format(c.getTime());
}常用时间转换工具类
public class DateUtils {
/**
* Date转LocalDate
* @param date
*/
public static LocalDate date2LocalDate(Date date) {
if(null == date) {
return null;
}
return date.toInstant().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toLocalDate();
}
/**
* LocalDateTime转毫秒时间戳
* @param localDateTime LocalDateTime
* @return 时间戳 1640828236888
*/
public static Long localDateTimeToTimestamp(LocalDateTime localDateTime) {
try {
ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault();
Instant instant = localDateTime.atZone(zoneId).toInstant();
return instant.toEpochMilli();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 时间戳转LocalDateTime
* @param timestamp 时间戳
* @return LocalDateTime
*/
public static LocalDateTime timestampToLocalDateTime(long timestamp) {
try {
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(timestamp);
ZoneId zone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
return LocalDateTime.ofInstant(instant, zone);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* Date转LocalDateTime
* @param date Date
* @return LocalDateTime
*/
public static LocalDateTime dateToLocalDateTime(Date date) {
try {
Instant instant = date.toInstant();
ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault();
return instant.atZone(zoneId).toLocalDateTime();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* LocalDateTime转Date
* @param localDateTime LocalDateTime
* @return Date
*/
public static Date localDateTimeToDate(LocalDateTime localDateTime) {
try {
ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault();
ZonedDateTime zdt = localDateTime.atZone(zoneId);
return Date.from(zdt.toInstant());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* String转Date
* @param String dateStr
* @return Date
*/
public static Date stringToDate(String dateStr){
DateFormat format1 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
try {
Date date = format1.parse(dateStr);
return date
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}网上案例：
统计昨天、当月、上月、本周的SQL语句
统计上周的数据：
select * from tb where datediff( wk, C_DATETIME, '2010-01-25 13:43:47.000') = 1
select * from tb where datediff( wk, C_DATETIME, getdate() ) = 1
统计昨天的数据：
SELECT * FROM `orders` WHERE DAY(ordertime)=(DAY(NOW())-1) //能使用
统计当月的数据：
select * from tb where datediff(mm,C_DATETIME,'2009-10-30 15:05:00.170')=0 --当月
select * from tb where datediff(mm,C_DATETIME,getdate())=0 --当月
统计当年的数据：
select * from tb where datediff(year,C_DATETIME,'2009-10-30 15:05:00.170')=0 --当年
select * from tb where datediff(year,C_DATETIME,getdate())=0 --当年
统计上月的数据：
select * from tb where month(C_DATETIME)=(month('2009-07-30 15:05:00.170')-1) --group by Userid --上月的
select sum(Marks),Userid from BBSScore where month(CreateDate)=(month(getdate())-1) group by Userid
select * from dbo.Web_UserAccount where datediff(week,C_DATETIME,getdate())=0 --C_DATETIME为日期字段 本周：
select * from dbo.Web_UserAccount where datediff(Month,C_DATETIME,getdate())=0 --C_DATETIME为日期字段 本月：
select * from dbo.Web_UserAccount where datediff(qq,C_DATETIME,getdate())=0 --C_DATETIME为日期字段 本季：
select * from dbo.Web_UserAccount where datepart(mm,C_DATETIME)/7 = datepart(mm,getdate())/7 --前半年1-6，后半年7-12：
一天 "select * from T_news where datediff(day,addtime,getdate())=0";
三天 "select * from T_news where datediff(day,addtime,getdate())<= 2 and datediff(day,addtime,getdate())>= 0";
一周 "SELECT * FROM T_news WHERE (DATEPART(wk, addtime) = DATEPART(wk, GETDATE())) AND (DATEPART(yy, addtime) = DATEPART(yy, GETDATE()))";
一月"SELECT * FROM T_news WHERE (DATEPART(yy, addtime) = DATEPART(yy, GETDATE())) AND (DATEPART(mm, addtime) = DATEPART(mm, GETDATE()))";
一季度 "select * from t_news where DATEPART(qq, addtime) = DATEPART(qq, GETDATE()) and DATEPART(yy, addtime) = DATEPART(yy, GETDATE())";
其中T_news是表名，addtime是数据库中对于的时间列个人案例
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE DAY(ordertime)=(DAY(NOW())-1) AND state=1 #昨天待发货订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE DAY(ordertime)=(DAY(NOW())-1) AND state>=1 #昨天成交订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE DAY(ordertime)=(DAY(NOW())) AND state=1 #今日待发货订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE DAY(ordertime)=(DAY(NOW())) AND state>=1 #今日成交订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE WEEK(ordertime)=(WEEK(NOW())) AND state=1 #本周待发货订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE WEEK(ordertime)=(WEEK(NOW())) AND state>=1 #本周成交订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE MONTH(ordertime)=(MONTH(NOW())) AND state=1 #本月待发货订单
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `orders` WHERE MONTH(ordertime)=(MONTH(NOW())) AND state>=1 #本月成交订单
ordertime 时间字段oracle中时间转换
字符串转date
SELECT * from WHERE TO_DATE('1994-06-07', 'yyyy-mm-dd')=字段名date转字符串
SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE to_char(字段名,’yyyy-mm-dd’)=’2019-10-1’中文年月日
查询员工表中的入职时间为1994年06月07日
Select * from employees where to_char(hire_date,'yyyy"年"mm"月"dd"日"') = '1994年06月07日'以上小编学习开发中使用&总结，如果对你有帮助就帮忙点个小赞(^人^)，如有侵权联系小编！