GoldenGate单向复制配置示例

一：环境介绍

--source端

ip地址：192.168.123.100.10

数据库版本：11.2.0.1.0 32 bit

操作系统版本：centos 4.5 32 bit

ogg版本：fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar



--target端

ip地址：192.168.123.100.11

数据库版本：11.2.0.1.0 32 bit

操作系统版本：centos 4.5 32 bit

ogg版本：fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar

二：安装 GG 软件

2.1 安装GG

[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracle ~]$ ls

awrrpt_1_259_276.html  fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar  oradiag_oracle

[oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir /u01/GG

[oracle@oracle ~]$ tar -xvf fbo_ggs_Linux_x86_ora11g_32bit.tar -C /u01/GG  //将软件解压到/u01/GG





2.2 添加环境变量



在/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件里添加如下内容：

export PATH=/u01/GG:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/GG:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export GGATE=/u01/GG



注意:本实验的GG 和Oracle 使用的是相同的用户，所以把GG 的变量加上就可以了。加载刚刚设置的环境变量：



[oracle@oracle ~]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile







2.3 使用ggsci工具，创建必要的目录

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/GG        //要在安装目录下登陆，否则可能报错

[oracle@oracle GG]$ ggsci



Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230_FBO

Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Apr 23 2012 08:09:25



Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 1> create subdirs



Creating subdirectories under current directory /u01/GG



Parameter files                /u01/GG/dirprm: already exists

Report files                   /u01/GG/dirrpt: created

Checkpoint files               /u01/GG/dirchk: created

Process status files           /u01/GG/dirpcs: created

SQL script files               /u01/GG/dirsql: created

Database definitions files     /u01/GG/dirdef: created

Extract data files             /u01/GG/dirdat: created

Temporary files                /u01/GG/dirtmp: created

Stdout files                   /u01/GG/dirout: created





GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2>

以上就是GG 的安装，在source 和target database 都执行

三：配置Source database

　　GoldenGate通过抓取源端数据库重做日志进行分析，将获取的数据应用到目标端，实现数据同步。因此，源数据库需要必须处于归档模式，并启用附加日志和强制日志。

3.1 归档模式、附加日志、强制日志

--查看

SQL> select log_mode,supplemental_log_data_min,force_logging from v$database;



LOG_MODE     SUPPLEME FOR

------------ -------- ---

ARCHIVELOG   NO       NO



SQL>



--修改

1）archivelog

SQL>shutdown immediate

SQL>startup mount

SQL>alter database archivelog;

SQL>alter database open;



2） force logging

SQL>alterdatabase force logging;



3）supplemental log data

SQL>alterdatabase add supplemental log data;







3.2 启用DDL 支持

 

3.2.1禁用Recycle Bin

如果启用DDL 支持，必须关闭recycle bin。

SQL> show parameter recyclebin



NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

recyclebin                           string      on

SQL>



--11g（如果是10g，则需要重启）

SQL> alter system set recyclebin=off scope=spfile;



System altered.



3.2.2 创建存放DDL 信息的user并赋权

SQL> create user ggs identified by 123456;

SQL> grant connect,resource to ggs;

SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggs;

SQL> 



3.2.3 用SYSDBA权限的用户执行如下脚本：

[oracle@oracle GG]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL>



-----脚本1

SQL> @/u01/GG/marker_setup.sql



Marker setup script



You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the Oracle GoldenGate database objects.

NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.

NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.



Enter Oracle GoldenGate schema name:ggs  ---输入创建的用户



Marker setup table script complete, running verification script...

Please enter the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects:

Setting schema name to GGS



MARKER TABLE

-------------------------------

OK



MARKER SEQUENCE

-------------------------------

OK



Script complete.

SQL>





-----脚本2

SQL> @/u01/GG/ddl_setup.sql;



Oracle GoldenGate DDL Replication setup script



Verifying that current user has privileges to install DDL Replication...



You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the Oracle GoldenGate database objects.

NOTE: For an Oracle 10g source, the system recycle bin must be disabled. For Oracle 11g and later, it can be enabled.

NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.

NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.



Enter Oracle GoldenGate schema name:ggs ---输入创建的用户



Working, please wait ...

Spooling to file ddl_setup_spool.txt



Checking for sessions that are holding locks on Oracle Golden Gate metadata tables ...



Check complete.



......................



STATUS OF DDL REPLICATION

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUCCESSFUL installation of DDL Replication software components



Script complete.

SQL> 





------脚本3

SQL> @/u01/GG/role_setup.sql;



GGS Role setup script



This script will drop and recreate the role GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE

To use a different role name, quit this script and then edit the params.sql script to change the gg_role parameter to the preferred name. (Do not run the script.)



You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects.

NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.

NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.



Enter GoldenGate schema name:ggs

Wrote file role_setup_set.txt



PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.





Role setup script complete



Grant this role to each user assigned to the Extract, GGSCI, and Manager processes, by using the following SQL command:



GRANT GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE TO <loggedUser>



where <loggedUser> is the user assigned to the GoldenGate processes.

SQL> 



------脚本4：赋权

SQL> grant GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE to ggs;





------脚本5

SQL> @/u01/GG/ddl_enable.sql;



Trigger altered.



SQL> 

四:测试GG

4.1 在Source 和 Target database上创建测试用户



--source database

SQL> create user sender identified by 123456;



SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to sender;



SQL> 



--target database

SQL> create user receiver identified by 123456;   



SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to receiver;



SQL>





4.2 在Source 和Target 上配置Manager



--source

[oracle@oracle GG]$ cd /u01/GG    //此过程最好在安装目录下执行

[oracle@oracle GG]$ ggsci



Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230_FBO

Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Apr 23 2012 08:09:25



Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> info all



Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt



MANAGER     STOPPED                                           





GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> edit params mgr  //配置管理进程的端口号

PORT 7809



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> start manager



Manager started.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> 



以上是在Source 库上执行的，在Target 库上执行同样的操作。





4.3 配置SourceDB 的复制队列



4.3.1 先连接到数据库，测试连接：

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> dblogin userid ggs, password 123456;

Successfully logged into database.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 6>



4.3.2 添加一个抽取： 

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 6> add extract ext1,tranlog, begin now

EXTRACT added.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 7> add exttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt, extract ext1

EXTTRAIL added.



--修改ext1的参数

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 8> edit params ext1  

extract ext1

userid ggs, password 123456

rmthost 192.168.0.11, mgrport 7809

rmttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt

ddl include mapped objname sender.*;

table sender.*;



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 10> info all



Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt



MANAGER     RUNNING                                           

EXTRACT     STOPPED     EXT1        00:00:01      00:04:23    



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 11> 





4.4 配置TargetDB 同步队列



4.4.1 创建用户ggt

SQL> create user ggt identified by 123456;  

SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to ggt;  

--要赋予dba权限，否则后期启动进程时会报：

--OCI Error describe for query (status = 942-ORA-00942: table or view does not exist), 

--SQL<SELECT db.name, i.instance_name, i.version FROM v$database db, v$instance i>.

SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggt;

SQL> 



4.4.2 在Target 端添加checkpoint表：

--添加参数文件./GLOBAL

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> edit params ./GLOBAL  

GGSCHEMA ggs

CHECKPOINTTABLE ggt.checkpoint



--登陆

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> dblogin userid ggt , password 123456

Successfully logged into database.



--添加checkpoint表

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> add  checkpointtable  ggt.checkpoint



Successfully created checkpoint table ggt.checkpoint.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4>





4.4.3 创建同步队列

GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> add replicat rep1,exttrail /u01/GG/dirdat/lt, checkpointtable ggt.checkpoint

REPLICAT added.



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 5> edit params rep1

replicat rep1

ASSUMETARGETDEFS

userid ggt , password 123456

discardfile /u01/GG/dirdat/rep1_discard.txt,append, megabytes 10

DDL

map sender.*, target receiver.*;



添加如上内容





4.5开启同步



4.5.1 Source DB：



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 14> start extract ext1



Sending START request to MANAGER ...

EXTRACT EXT1 starting





GGSCI (oracle.11g) 15> info all



Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt



MANAGER     RUNNING                                           

EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXT1        00:27:51      00:00:10    





GGSCI (oracle.11g) 16> 



4.5.2 Target DB



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 2> start replicat rep1



Sending START request to MANAGER ...

REPLICAT REP1 starting



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 3> info all



Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt



MANAGER     RUNNING                                           

REPLICAT    RUNNING     REP1        00:00:00      00:00:01    



GGSCI (oracle.11g) 4> 

五.验证

在Source DB上的sender 用户下创建一张表，然后看这张表是否同步到了Target DB的receiver用户下



--Source DB：

SQL> conn sender/123456;

Connected.

SQL> create table gg_test as select * from sys.all_users;



SQL> 



--Target DB：

SQL> conn receiver/123456;

Connected.

SQL> select count(*) from gg_test;



  COUNT(*)

----------

        41

SQL>

 

数据同步过来了，因为启用了DDL的支持，所以这里把表给复制过来了。



 



--在Source DB上在插入一些记录，在验证下GG的同步情况：



SQL> insert into gg_test select * from sys.all_users;

41 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> 





--Target DB 验证：



SQL> select count(*) from gg_test;



  COUNT(*)

----------

        82



SQL> 



同步正常，以上就是Oracle to Oracle 下的一个GG 单向复制示例。