.Net执行cmd命令

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace WebForm
{
    public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Response.Write(ExeCommand("ping www.126.com"));
        }

        public string ExeCommand(string commandText)
        {
            Process p = new Process();
            p.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
            p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            string strOutput = null;
            try
            {
                p.Start();
                p.StandardInput.WriteLine(commandText);
                p.StandardInput.WriteLine("exit");
                strOutput = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
                p.WaitForExit();
                p.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                strOutput = e.Message;
            }
            return strOutput;
        }
    }
}

 

 

 

WaitForExit

程序里我使用Process类启动命令行,执行批处理文件 'Create.cmd'(当我手工将此文件拖入命令行执行时,一切正常)。C#程序代码类似如下,其中batchFilePath变量为批处理文件全路径:

 

C小Tip:Process.WaitForExit()与死锁  - fengqiaa - 风之筑的博客C小Tip:Process.WaitForExit()与死锁  - fengqiaa - 风之筑的博客Code

m_BasicDataProc = new Process();

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = false;

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;

m_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(batchFilePath);

m_BasicDataProc.Start();

string batchFileName = Path.GetFileName(batchFilePath);

StreamWriter inputStream = m_BasicDataProc.StandardInput;

inputStream.WriteLine(batchFileName);

inputStream.Close();

m_BasicDataProc.WaitForExit();

m_BasicDataProc.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

 

批处理文件'Create.cmd'调用'sqlplus'来执行若干个sql文件:

//===================================================

echo Tables on level 0:

if exist InstallScripts\Create01.sql (

echo bas

sqlplus %1/%2@%3 @InstallScripts\Create01.sql | %HideSQLPlusRows%

REM > Logs\Create_%1.txt

)

if exist InstallScripts\Create02.sql (

......

//===================================================

出现的问题是程序运行到'm_BasicDataProc.WaitForExit();'这一行时就阴塞不动.

搞 了两天,最后发现原因是出现了死锁。由于标准输出流被重定向,而Process.StandardOutput的缓冲大小是有限制的(据说是4k),所以 当缓冲满了的时候(执行上面的批处理文件有很多的输出),子进程(cmd.exe)会等待主进程(C# App)读取并释放此缓冲,而主进程由于调用了WaitForExit()方法,则会一进等待子进程退出,最后形成死锁。

了解了原因后,有3种方法可以解决问题:

1)修改批处理文件,在调用sqlplus时将输出指定到一个log文件,这样被生定向到StandardOutput中的内容相对就少,不容易造成问题:

//===================================================

echo Tables on level 0:

if exist InstallScripts\Create01.sql (

echo bas

sqlplus %1/%2@%3 @InstallScripts\Create01.sql | %HideSQLPlusRows% > Logs\Create_%1.txt

)

......

//===================================================

2)修改C#代码,将'm_BasicDataProc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = false;',这样所有的输出会在命令行屏幕上直接输出,不会重定向到标准输出流中。

3) 修改C#代码,在'm_BasicDataProc.WaitForExit();'前添加 'm_BasicDataProc.BeginOutputReadLine();' 或 'm_BasicDataProc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();',通过读取输出流,以便释放相应的缓冲。

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