Docker、Docker file、Docker-compose 详解

第1章容器与虚拟化区别

1.1本质区别

KVM需要独立系统，docker不需要，只要做资源隔离。
docker创建删除时只需要启动应用，而虚拟化需要启动guest os ，再启动应用。
docker交付部署的是容器镜像，虚拟化交付部署的是虚拟机镜像。

1.2比较

特性 容器 虚拟机
启动 秒级 分钟级
硬盘使用 MB GB
性能 接近原生 弱于
系统支持量 单机支持上千个 一般几十个

ps：虚拟化隔离性好，安全性更高。

1.3容器种类

交互式：例如系统
非交互式：守护进程式

1.4docker三大核心

镜像，容器，仓库
镜像一运行就会生成容器

1.5容器隔离内容

user：用户 mount：文件系统 UTS：主机名
network：网络 pid IPC:信号量，消息队列，进程通信

隔离工具：namespace
资源限制工具：Cgroups

第2章docker安装

2.1阿里云

登录阿里云官网，找到开发者工具的镜像。
https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/?spm=a2c6h.12883283.1364563.36.19b1201cXFWMm7

找到linux的按着写的操作就完事了

[root@docker ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
[root@docker ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@docker ~]# yum makecache fastyum makecache fast
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install wget
[root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@docker ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
[root@docker ~]# service docker start

2.2版本

#官方软件源默认启用了最新的软件，您可以通过编辑软件源的方式获 取各个版本的软件包。例如官方并没有将测试版本的软件源置为可用，您可以通过以下方式开启。同理可以开启各种测试版本等。

#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ee.repo
#将[docker-ce-test]下方的enabled=0修改为enabled=1
#
#安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
#Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
#yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r
#Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
#Loaded plugins: branch, fastestmirror, langpacks
#docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            @docker-ce-stable
#docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#Available Packages
#Step2: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.0.ce.1-1.el7.centos)
#sudo yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]**

2.3镜像加速

2.3.1阿里云镜像加速（推荐）

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker  //一般都有，就不用创建了
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' 
{
 "registry-mirrors": ["https://naa7mog3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] 
}
 EOF
systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl restart docker

docker info 查看

2.3.2dockercloud镜像加速

https://www.daocloud.io/mirror#accelerator-doc

curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io

第3章docker镜像

3.1拉取镜像

[root@docker ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@docker ~]# systemctl enable docker  //开机自启
[root@docker ~]# docker info  //查看环境信息
[root@docker ~]# docker version //查看环境信息
https://hub.docker.com/_/centos?tab=tags&page=1&ordering=last_updated
从这个网站拉取镜像（docker hub）
[root@docker ~]# docker pull centos:centos7

3.2镜像管理

[root@docker ~]# docker image ls   //查看有哪些镜像
[root@docker ~]# docker images   //同上
[root@docker ~]# docker image save nginx:1.19 -o  nginx_7.tar.gz  //镜像打包
[root@docker ~]# docker image load -i nginx_7.tar.gz   //导入打好的包

选项：

 build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  history     Show the history of an image
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more images
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  ls          List images
  prune       Remove unused images
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rm          Remove one or more images
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

第4章docker容器

4.1容器管理

选项：

 attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more containers
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  ls          List containers
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  prune       Remove all stopped containers
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  run         Run a command in a new container
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

docker container run：
docker image pull
docker container create
docker container start

run命令相当于三个命令。

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -d -p 80:80 --name nginx_1 nginx:1.19  //开启一个nginx容器
[root@docker ~]# docker container ls -a  //查看

网页访问 192.168.9.9

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-2 nginx:1.19 //再起一台端口不同的
[root@docker ~]# docker container  exec  -it nginx_1 /bin/bash
[root@docker ~]# docker container start nginx_1  //若未显示up用此命令开启容器

4.2进入容器方式

4.2.1交互式（如centos）

[root@docker ~]# docker container run  -it --name centos-1 centos:7  //-i交互式 -t分配终端
exit退出后容器也关闭。
control+p+q ：不关闭容器退出
[root@docker ~]# docker container exec -it centos-1 /bin/bash   //退出不关闭容器
[root@docker ~]# docker container  attach  centos-1  //退出关闭

docker关闭再开启之后，容器不会重启
需要使用命令 --restart=always 即可使容器自动起来。

4.2.2守护进程式 （如nginx）

docker container  run -d -p 8080:80 --name nginx-1 nginx:1.19

4.3数据持久化

4.3.1数据卷（默认）

容器默认管理宿主机资源的位置为/var/lib/docker/volumes

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -v /opt/ centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@a454eb271d2f /]# touch /opt/123.txt
[root@a454eb271d2f /]# ls /opt/
123.txt
[root@docker ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/
[root@docker volumes]# ls

[root@docker volumes]# cd 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4/
[root@docker 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4]# ls
_data
[root@docker 497d326ef07103845eb5c555b1d8362601ea204a7cdbf2968e5d5770e9d95de4]# cd _data/
[root@docker _data]# ls
123.txt
删除容器后，本目录内容不会被删除。

4.3.2数据卷（指定目录bind mounts）

实际上就是将本地目录与容器目录做映射，测试环境，不涉及到移植时可以使用。

[root@docker ~]# mkdir /data
[root@docker ~]# cd /data/
[root@docker data]# ls
[root@docker data]# vim index.html
[root@docker data]# cat index.html 
nginx-1,haha
[root@docker ~]# docker container  run -d --restart=always -p 80:80 -v /data:/usr/share/nginx/html --name nginx-1 nginx:1.19

目录后面加上：ro 就是只读的，容器内不可更改。

4.3.3创建逻辑卷

[root@docker ~]# docker volume create nginx-1   //创建逻辑卷
[root@docker ~]# docker volume ls            //查看逻辑卷
[root@docker ~]# docker volume inspect nginx-1   //查看具体逻辑卷具体信息
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name=nginx -p 8000:80 -v nginx-1:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:1.19
[root@docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/nginx-1/_data/

删除容器不会删除本目录内容。

[root@docker ~]# docker rm -f nginx    //删除容器
[root@docker ~]# docker volume rm nginx-1   //删除逻辑卷

4.3.4数据卷容器

创建容器时有-v选项挂载的容器，叫做数据卷容器，可以使用“–volume-from 容器名”挂载到别的容器上。就是挂载的容器中创建了volume。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -v /dbdata:/dadata --name=nginx-1 nginx:1.19 /bin/bash
[root@docker ~]# docker container run -d --restart=always -p 8080:80 --volumes-from nginx-1 --name nginx-2 nginx:1.19

第5章构建镜像

以下两种方法以ssh服务为例。

5.1commit命令实现

5.1.1创建镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker container run -it -p 2222:22 --name centos-1 centos:7 
[root@3dac93050d37 /]# yum -y install openssh-server openssh-client
[root@3dac93050d37 ssh]# sshd-keygen  //生成hosts-keys
[root@3dac93050d37 ssh]# /usr/sbin/sshd -D &    // 启动sshd  &:后台运行
[root@3dac93050d37 ~]# passwd  //设置密码
[root@docker ~]# docker container  top centos-1  //查看

5.1.2提交镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker container commit centos-1 centos7:sshd
[root@docker ~]# docker images

5.2docker file

[root@docker ~]# vim dockerfile
[root@docker ~]#cat dockerfile
FROM centos:7
RUN yum -y install openssh openssh-server openssh-client && /usr/sbin/sshd-keygen
CMD [ '/usr/sbin/sshd','-D' ]
[root@docker ~]# docker build -t centos7:sshd .

[root@docker ~]# docker images 

第6章docker基本操作

6.1简单命令

docker version //查看docker版本信息
docker info //查看详细信息

6.2镜像操作

6.2.1简单镜像操作

docker search //镜像查找 （docker search nginx）
docker pull //镜像拉取 （docker pull nginx）
docker images //镜像查看 （docker image ls）后面可加具体名称
docker inspect nginx:1.19 //查看镜像详细信息
docker tag 原名称：标签 新名称：标签 //更改镜像名字，原镜像还存在
docker rmi 名称 //删除镜像

6.2.2镜像导入导出

docker save -o 命名 镜像名 //打包镜像
docker load < 镜像包名 //载入镜像包
docker load --input 镜像包名 //载入镜像包
ps:生产环境中有自己的仓库就不用总是导入导出了

6.2.3镜像上传

以nginx为例
ps:镜像上传需要有仓库（共有或者私有）
docker login //输入用户名和密码登录仓库
docker tag nginx 域名或IP等：端口/镜像名：标签 //镜像改名
docker push 域名或IP等：端口/镜像名：标签 //上传镜像

6.3容器操作

docker create //创建容器
-i：交互式
-t：分配伪终端
-d：守护进程式 （持久性任务才可以保持开启状态）
docker create -it centos:7 /bin/bash //创建一个容器
docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash //创建一个容器（用的比例大）
docker ps -a //查看容器
docker ps -q //只看id号
docker ps -l //查看开启的容器
docker start id号 //开启容器
docker restart id号 //重启
docker stop id 号 //停止容器
docker kill id号 //杀掉容器
exit //退出并关闭容器
control +pq //退出终端且不关闭容器
docker inspect id号 //查看容器的信息
docker logs id号 //查看容器输出
docker attach id号 //进入有终端的容器
docker exec -it id号 /bin/bash //进入容器
docker export id号 > xxx.tar //导出容器
cat xxx.tar | docker import - 镜像名：标签 //以镜像模式导入容器
docker container rm -f $(docker container ps -aq) //批量删除容器
docker cp 文件名 容器id号：/目录 //传文件到容器中
docker run --name（名字） -p（端口映射） --restart=always（开机即开启）
-v 宿主目录：容器目录（持久化） --volume-from 容器名 （持久化）

第7章创建私有仓库

安装docker后通过官方registry镜像部署本地私有仓库。

[root@docker ~]# docker pull registry
[root@docker ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/registry
[root@docker ~]# docker run -d --restart=always -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry
[root@docker ~]# docker tag nginx:1.19 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

[root@docker ~]# docker push 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

这里有报错，是因为用的是https，而我们这里是http，需要修改阿里镜像加速配置文件。

[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json 
  {
  	"registry-mirrors": ["https://naa7mog3.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],"insecure-registries":["192.168.9.9:5000"] 
  }
[root@docker ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@docker ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@docker ~]# docker push 192.168.9.9:5000/nginx:v1

别的机子需要使用pull拉取本地仓库竟像时，更改/etc/docker/daemon.json，改成一样的。就可以使用了。

第8章docker资源限制

8.1构建镜像

Cgroup实现资源限制，namespace实现资源隔离。
资源限制包括：cpu，内存，磁盘三个方面。

[root@docker ~]# mkdir stress
[root@docker ~]# cd stress/
[root@docker stress]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER hannibal"[email protected]"
RUN yum -y install wget
RUN wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ep el-7.repo
RUN yum -y install stress
[root@docker stress]# docker build -t centos:stress .

8.2cpu使用率

修改Cgroup配置文件cpu.cfs_quota_us的值来实现。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd centos:stress /bin/bash

[root@docker ~]# echo "20000" > /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct/docker/33e0303d323df08cad8b84f6b588d579ae5bd6386ef56676411bdbf160dfcd42/cpu.cfs_quota_us     //限制cpu使用率为20%
压测检测
[root@docker ~]# docker attach 33e0303d323d
[root@33e0303d323d /]# stress -c 20

新开一个终端查看

[root@docker ~]# top

8.3cpu共享比例

设置三个容器AA,BB,CC 占用cpu比例为1：1：2
默认每个docker容器份额都是1024，通过–cpu-shares配置配比

[root@docker ~]# docker run --name AA -itd --cpu-shares 1024 centos:stress /bin/bash
[root@docker ~]# docker run --name BB -itd --cpu-shares 1024 centos:stress /bin/bash
[root@docker ~]# docker run --name CC -itd --cpu-shares 2048 centos:stress /bin/bash

如果后面还要添加，就再添加就好了。

8.4cpu周期限制 （了解）

根据–cpu-period，–cpu-quota两个参数分配cpu时钟周期
–cpu-period 指定容器对cpu使用在多长时间做一次重新分配
–cpu-quota 指定周期内，最多多长时间跑这个容器
例：容器每一秒需要使用单个cpu 0.2秒时间。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpu-period 1000000 --cpu-quota 200000 centos:stress /bin/bash

8.5cpu核心限制 （重点）

选择容器选择那个内核工作。
使用–cpuset-cpus控制。
例：服务器有16个核心，编号为0~15。新建容器绑定1-4个核心。

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpuset-cpus 0,1,2,3 centos:stress  /bin/bash
或
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --cpuset-cpus 0-3 centos:stress  /bin/bash
[root@docker ~]# docker exec 8da7002bc6a8 taskset -c -p 1  //查看绑定在哪个核上

8.6内存限制

-m或-memory：设置内存使用限额如100M，200M
–memory-swap：设置内存swap使用限额

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it -m 200M --memory-swap=300M progrium/stress --vm 1 --vm-bytes 280M

8.7Block IO限制

–block-weight
设置相对权重值，默认500。（读写磁盘）

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name container_A --blkio-weight 600 centos:stress /bin/bash
[root@6ef3de576643 /]# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/blkio.weight
600

8.8 bps和iops

bps（byte per second），每秒读取数据量。
iops（io per second），每秒IO次数。
–device-read-bps，限制读某个设备的bps
–device-write-bps，限制写某个设备的bps
–device-read-iops，限制读某个设备的iops
–device-write-iops，限制写某个设备的iops
例：

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --device-write-bps /dev/sda:5MB centos:stress /bin/bash

第9章Dockerfile构建镜像

9.1镜像构建方式

基于已有容器构建镜像
基于本地模板构建镜像
基于Dockerfile构建镜像

9.2commit方法

docker commit
-m：说明
-a：作者
-p：构建镜像时停止容器

[root@docker ~]# docker commit  -m "hannibal.test images" -a "hannibal" 299b77d17352 centos7:new

9.3基于本地模板构建镜像

去网站上下载号模板（系统），然后再导入成镜像。

[root@docker ~]# wget https://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# ls -l centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# cat centos-7-x86_64.tar.gz | docker import - centos:test
[root@docker ~]# docker images centos:test

9.4基于Dockerfile构建镜像

9.4.1镜像说明

镜像由多层来构成，不是一个单一的文件。容器是在镜像上加了一层读写层。

9.4.2Dockerfile特点

Dockerfile是一个可以被Docker程序执行的脚本，每条指令对应Linux下的一个命令。
Dockerfile四部分：基础镜像信息，维护者信息，镜像操作指令，容器启动时执行指令
1）Dockerfile中的每一条指令都会创建一个新的镜像层
2）镜像层可以被缓存和复用
3）Dockerfile中命令被修改，复制的文件发生变化或者构建镜像时指定的变量值更换了，对应的镜像层缓存也将会失效
4）某一层的镜像缓存失效，它之后的镜像缓存都会失效
5）镜像层是不可变的，如果在某一层添加文件，然后在某一层删除它，则镜像层依然会包含该文件，只是这个文件在docker容器中不可见了

9.4.3Dockerfile 指令

1）FROM 镜像名:Tag ：构建指令，指定基础镜像信息，本地没有从dockerhub拉取
2）MAINTAINER 作者信息：构建指令，设置作者信息（名字，邮箱）
3）RUN 命令：构建指令，运行命令
4）CMD [“要运行的程序”.”参数1”,”参数2”]：设置指令，启动时指定操作
5）ENTRYPOINT (设置container启动时执行的操作)：设置指令
6）USER 用户名/UID：设置指令，设置容器用户，默认root
7）EXPOSE 端口：设置指令，指定使用的端口
8）ENV 环境变量 变量值：构建指令，例Java程序，ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
9）ADD 源文件 目标文件：构建指令，将宿主机文件添加到容器当中，上传压缩包自动解压，支持源文件时url地址
10）COPY 源文件 目标文件：构建指令，将宿主机文件上传到容器中
11）VOLUME [“目录”]：设置指令，指定数据卷
12）WORKDIR 目录：设置指令，类似cd命令，切换目录
13）ONBUILD 命令：设置指令，指定生产镜像作为基础经镜像
14）HEALTHCHECK： 设置指令，健康检查

9.5Dockerfile构建SSHD镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir sshd
[root@docker ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@docker ~]# cp .ssh/id_rsa.pub ./sshd/
[root@docker ~]# cd sshd/
[root@docker sshd]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN yum -y install openssh-server net-tools openssh-devel lsof telnet
RUN sed -i 's/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
RUN ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
ADD id_rsa.pub /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 22
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]

[root@docker sshd]# docker build -t sshd:new .
[root@docker sshd]# docker images

[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p 2222:22 --name sshd-test --restart=always sshd:new
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a

[root@docker ~]# ssh localhost -p 2222

9.6Dockerfile构建httpd镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir httpd
[root@docker ~]# cd httpd
[root@docker httpd]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN yum -y install httpd
RUN mkdir -p /var/www/html
RUN echo "hannibal" > /var/www/html/index.html
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["httpd","-DFOREGROUND"]

ps：不知道怎么开启服务可以上网查找或者去 /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.serveice文件中看。其他类比。

[root@docker httpd]# docker build -t httpd:new .
[root@docker httpd]# docker run -d -p 8000:80 --name httpd-test --restart=always httpd:new 

9.7Dockerfile构建nginx镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir nginx
[root@docker ~]# cd nginx/
[root@docker nginx]# vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN yum -y install wget proc-devel net-tools gcc zlib zlib-devel make openssl-devel
RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz
RUN tar zxf nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src && cd /usr/src/nginx-1.19.0 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 775 /run.sh
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/run.sh"]

[root@docker nginx]# docker build -t nginx:new .

[root@docker nginx]# docker run -d -p 8001:80 --name nginx-test --restart=always nginx:new 

9.8Dockerfile构建tomcat镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir tomcat
[root@docker ~]# cd tomcat/
[root@docker tomcat]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz
[root@docker tomcat]# tar xf jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz 
[root@docker tomcat]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
ADD jdk1.8.0_60 /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_BIN /usr/local/java/bin
ENV JRE_HOME /usr/local/java/jre
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/java/bin:/usr/local/java/jre/bin
ENV CLASSPATH /usr/local/java/jre/bin:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib/charsets.jar
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.16 /usr/local/tomcat
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh",”run”]

[root@docker tomcat]# docker build -t tomcat:new .
[root@docker tomcat]# docker images

[root@docker tomcat]# docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name tomcat-tset --restart=always tomcat:new

9.9Dockerfile构建redis镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir redis
[root@docker ~]# cd redis/
[root@docker redis]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN yum -y update && yum -y install epel-release && yum -y install redis
RUN sed -i -e 's@bind 127.0.0.1@bind 0.0.0.0@g' /etc/redis.conf
RUN sed -i -e 's@protected-mode yes@protected-mode no@g' /etc/redis.conf
RUN echo "requirepass 123456" >> /etc/redis.conf
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 6379
CMD ["/usr/bin/redis-server","/etc/redis.conf"]
[root@docker redis]# docker build -t redis:new .
[root@docker tomcat]# docker images

[root@docker redis]# docker run -d -p 6379:6379 --name redis-test --restart=always redis:new 
[root@docker redis]# redis-cli -h localhost -a 12345
[root@docker ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install redis
[root@docker ~]# redis-cli -h localhost -a 123456

9.10Dockerfile构建MySQL镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir mysql
[root@docker ~]# cd mysql/
[root@docker mysql]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel
ENV MARIADB_USER root
ENV MARIADB_PASS 123456
ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8
ADD db_init.sh /root/db_init.sh
RUN chmod 775 /root/db_init.sh
RUN /root/db_init.sh
EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["mysqld_safe"]

[root@dockr mysq ]# cd root/
[root@docker /]# vim db_init.sh

#!/bin/bash
mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sleep 3
mysqld_safe &
sleep 3
mysql -e "use mysql; grant all privileges on *.* to '$MARIADB_USER'@'%' identified by '$MARIADB_PASS' with grant option;"
h=$(hostname)
mysql -e "use mysql; update user set password=password('$MARIADB_PASS') where user='$MARIADB_USER' and host='$h';"
mysql -e "flush privileges"

[root@docker mysql]# docker build -t mysql:new .
[root@docker mysql]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql-test --restart=always mysql:new 
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-devel
[root@docker ~]# mysql -h 192.168.9.9 -u root -p123456

9.11Dockerfile构建LNMP镜像

[root@docker ~]# mkdir lnmp
[root@docker ~]# cd lnmp/
[root@docker lnmp]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER Hannibal 
RUN rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
RUN rpm --rebuilddb && yum -y install mariadb-devel mariadb-server mariadb php php-fpm nginx
RUN sed -i '/^user/s/nginx/nginx\nginx/g' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
RUN sed -i '10cindex index.php index.html index.htm ;' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
RUN sed -i '30,36s/#//' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
RUN sed -i '31s/html/\/usr\/share\/nginx\/html/' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
RUN sed -i '/fastcgi_param/s/scripts/usr\/share\/nginx\/html/' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
RUN sed -i '/^user/s/apache/nginx/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
RUN sed -i '/^group/s/apache/nginx/g' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
ADD db_init.sh /root/db_init.sh
RUN chmod 775 /root/db_init.sh
RUN /root/db_init.sh
ADD index.php /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 9000
EXPOSE 3306
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 775 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]

[root@docker lnmp]# vim db_init.sh

#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sleep 3
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
sleep 3
mysql -e "use mysql; grant all privileges on *.* to '$MARIADB_USER'@'%' identified by '$MARIADB_PASS' with grant option;"
h=$(hostname)
mysql -e "use mysql; update user set password=password('$MARIADB_PASS') where user='$MARIADB_USER' and host='$h';"
mysql -e "flush privileges;"

[root@docker lnmp]# vim index.php

[root@docker lnmp]# vim run.sh

#!/bin/bash
/usr/sbin/nginx && /usr/sbin/php-fpm && /usr/bin/mysqld_safe

[root@docker lnmp]# docker build -t lnmp:new .

[root@docker lnmp]# docker images

[root@docker lnmp]# docker run -d -p 80:80 -p 3306:3306 -p 9000:9000 --name lnmp-test --restart=always lnmp:new

9.12 Dockerfile面试题重点

9.12.1 CMD、ENTRYPOINT、RUN命令对比

1）CMD命令是容器启动后执行的命令，一个Dockerfile可以有多个CMD，但是只有最后一个CMD生效。如果容器启动时制定了命令，那么此命令失效。
2）RUN命令是构建镜像时执行的命令，我们可以安装一些应用。
3）ENTRYPOINT命令和CMD不同，不会被docker容器启动时的命令覆盖。
4）RUN和CMD支持参数形式命令。例[“/bin/bash”,”-c”,”apt-get update”]

9.12.2 ADD、COPY对比

1）都可以把宿主机文件上传到容器内，但是ADD上传压缩包自动解压，copy不会。
2）ADD后可以写一个url地址。

第10章docker编排与部署工具compose

10.1简介

Docker compose是一个定义及运行多个容器的工具，可以使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务。然后使用单个命令，创建并启动配置中的所有服务。Docker compose 会通过解析容器间的依赖关系，按先后顺序启动定义的容器。
ps：docker compose官方文档网址：https://docs.docker.com/compose/overview/

10.2步骤

1）使用Dockerfile 定义应用程序的环境，以便在任何地方进行复制。
2）在docker-compose.yml 中定义组成应用程序的服务，以便他们可以在隔离的环境中一起运行。
3）运行docker-compose 开始并运行整个应用程序。

10.3Docker compose 安装

[root@docker ~]# curl -L \
> https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@docker ~]# chmod  +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose 
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose  --version

ps：也可以使用pip安装，麻烦。

10.4 Docker compose 用法

Usage:
docker-compose [-f …] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS…]
docker compose -f 文件 选项 命令 参数
Options:
-f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file
(default: docker-compose.yml)
-p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name
(default: directory name)
–verbose Show more output
–log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
–no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters
-v, --version Print version and exit
-H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to

–tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
–tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA
–tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file
–tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file
–tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
–skip-hostname-check Don’t check the daemon’s hostname against the
name specified in the client certificate
–project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory
(default: the path of the Compose file)
–compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert deploy
keys in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent
Commands:
build Build or rebuild services
bundle Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file
config Validate and view the Compose file
create Create services
down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes
events Receive real time events from containers
exec Execute a command in a running container
help Get help on a command
images List images
kill Kill containers
logs View output from containers
pause Pause services
port Print the public port for a port binding
ps List containers
pull Pull service images
push Push service images
restart Restart services
rm Remove stopped containers
run Run a one-off command
scale Set number of containers for a service
start Start services
stop Stop services
top Display the running processes
unpause Unpause services
up Create and start containers
version Show the Docker-Compose version information

10.5 YMAL简介

YAML是一种标记语言，可读性强。数据结构通过缩进表示，连续的项目通过减号表示，键值对用冒号分割，数组用括号括起来，hash用花括号括起来。
相同阶层元素左侧对齐（不可使用tab键）。
通常开头缩进2个空格；
字符后面缩进1个空格，例冒号、逗号、横杠；
支持 # 注释；
允许空行，增加可读性；

docker-compose中YAML常用字段：

10.6构建lnmp

[root@docker ~]# mkdir compose_lnmp
[root@docker ~]# cd compose_lnmp/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# vim docker-compose.yml 

version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    hostname: nginx
    build:
      context: ./nginx
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - 80:80
    networks:
      - lnmp
    volumes:
      - ./wwwroot:/usr/local/nginx/html

  php:
    hostname: php
    build:
      context: ./php
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - 9000:9000
    networks:
      - lnmp
    volumes:
      - ./wwwroot:/usr/local/nginx/html

  mysql:
    hostname: mysql
    image: mysql:5.6
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    networks:
      - lnmp
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
      - ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
    command: --character-set-server=utf8
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
      MYSQL_USER: user
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: user123

networks:
  lnmp:

[root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir nginx/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir mysql/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir php/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir wwwroot/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd nginx/
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile 

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER crushlinux
ENV TIME_ZOME Asia/Shanghai

RUN useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx && yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre-devel
ADD nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz /tmp

RUN cd /tmp/nginx-1.12.1 && \
        ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && \
        make -j 2 && \
        make install

RUN rm -rf /tmp/nginx* && yum clean all && \
        echo "${TIME_ZOME}" > /etc/timezone && \
        ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZOME} /etc/localtime 

EXPOSE 80
COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
WORKDIR /root/nginx
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 775 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]

[root@docker nginx]# vim nginx.conf

user nginx nginx;
worker_processes 1;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid; 

events {
	use epoll;
	worker_connections 4096;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
	charset utf-8;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root html;
			fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_pass 192.168.200.111:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}

daemon off;

[root@docker nginx]# vim run.sh

#!/bin/bash

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

上传nginx压缩包

[root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd mysql/
[root@docker mysql]# mkdir conf 
[root@docker conf]# vim my.cnf 

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/tmp/mysql.pid

[root@docker conf]# cd ..
[root@docker mysql]# mkdir data/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# mkdir php/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd php/
[root@docker php]# vim Dockerfile 

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER crushlinux
ENV TIME_ZOME Asia/Shanghai
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel
ADD php-5.6.39.tar.gz /tmp/

RUN cd /tmp/php-5.6.39 && \
        ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
        --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
        --with-mysql --with-mysqli \
        --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd \
        --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-iconv \
        --enable-fpm --enable-zip --enable-mbstring && \
        make -j 4 && \
        make install

RUN cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
        sed -i 's/127.0.0.1/0.0.0.0/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
        sed -i "21a daemonize=no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
        echo "${TIME_ZOME}" > /etc/timezone && \
        ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZOME} /etc/localtime

COPY php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/
RUN rm -rf /tmp/php* && yum clean all
WORKDIR /usr/local/php/
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["./sbin/php-fpm","-c","/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf"

[root@docker php]# vim php.ini

[PHP]

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About php.ini   ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; PHP's initialization file, generally called php.ini, is responsible for
; configuring many of the aspects of PHP's behavior.

; PHP attempts to find and load this configuration from a number of locations.
; The following is a summary of its search order:
; 1. SAPI module specific location.
; 2. The PHPRC environment variable. (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 3. A number of predefined registry keys on Windows (As of PHP 5.2.0)
; 4. Current working directory (except CLI)
; 5. The web server's directory (for SAPI modules), or directory of PHP
; (otherwise in Windows)
; 6. The directory from the --with-config-file-path compile time option, or the
; Windows directory (C:\windows or C:\winnt)
; See the PHP docs for more specific information.
; http://php.net/configuration.file

; The syntax of the file is extremely simple.  Whitespace and lines
; beginning with a semicolon are silently ignored (as you probably guessed).
; Section headers (e.g. [Foo]) are also silently ignored, even though
; they might mean something in the future.

; Directives following the section heading [PATH=/www/mysite] only
; apply to PHP files in the /www/mysite directory.  Directives
; following the section heading [HOST=www.example.com] only apply to
; PHP files served from www.example.com.  Directives set in these
; special sections cannot be overridden by user-defined INI files or
; at runtime. Currently, [PATH=] and [HOST=] sections only work under
; CGI/FastCGI.
; http://php.net/ini.sections

; Directives are specified using the following syntax:
; directive = value
; Directive names are *case sensitive* - foo=bar is different from FOO=bar.
; Directives are variables used to configure PHP or PHP extensions.
; There is no name validation.  If PHP can't find an expected
; directive because it is not set or is mistyped, a default value will be used.

; The value can be a string, a number, a PHP constant (e.g. E_ALL or M_PI), one
; of the INI constants (On, Off, True, False, Yes, No and None) or an expression
; (e.g. E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE), a quoted string ("bar"), or a reference to a
; previously set variable or directive (e.g. ${foo})

; Expressions in the INI file are limited to bitwise operators and parentheses:
; |  bitwise OR
; ^  bitwise XOR
; &  bitwise AND
; ~  bitwise NOT
; !  boolean NOT

; Boolean flags can be turned on using the values 1, On, True or Yes.
; They can be turned off using the values 0, Off, False or No.

; An empty string can be denoted by simply not writing anything after the equal
; sign, or by using the None keyword:

;  foo =         ; sets foo to an empty string
;  foo = None    ; sets foo to an empty string
;  foo = "None"  ; sets foo to the string 'None'

; If you use constants in your value, and these constants belong to a
; dynamically loaded extension (either a PHP extension or a Zend extension),
; you may only use these constants *after* the line that loads the extension.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; About this file ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; PHP comes packaged with two INI files. One that is recommended to be used
; in production environments and one that is recommended to be used in
; development environments.

; php.ini-production contains settings which hold security, performance and
; best practices at its core. But please be aware, these settings may break
; compatibility with older or less security conscience applications. We
; recommending using the production ini in production and testing environments.

; php.ini-development is very similar to its production variant, except it is
; much more verbose when it comes to errors. We recommend using the
; development version only in development environments, as errors shown to
; application users can inadvertently leak otherwise secure information.

; This is php.ini-production INI file.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Quick Reference ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; The following are all the settings which are different in either the production
; or development versions of the INIs with respect to PHP's default behavior.
; Please see the actual settings later in the document for more details as to why
; we recommend these changes in PHP's behavior.

; display_errors
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; display_startup_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; error_reporting
;   Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
;   Development Value: E_ALL
;   Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT

; html_errors
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: On
;   Production value: On

; log_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: On

; max_input_time
;   Default Value: -1 (Unlimited)
;   Development Value: 60 (60 seconds)
;   Production Value: 60 (60 seconds)

; output_buffering
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: 4096
;   Production Value: 4096

; register_argc_argv
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: Off
;   Production Value: Off

; request_order
;   Default Value: None
;   Development Value: "GP"
;   Production Value: "GP"

; session.gc_divisor
;   Default Value: 100
;   Development Value: 1000
;   Production Value: 1000

; session.hash_bits_per_character
;   Default Value: 4
;   Development Value: 5
;   Production Value: 5

; short_open_tag
;   Default Value: On
;   Development Value: Off
;   Production Value: Off

; track_errors
;   Default Value: Off
;   Development Value: On
;   Production Value: Off

; url_rewriter.tags
;   Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset="
;   Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
;   Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"

; variables_order
;   Default Value: "EGPCS"
;   Development Value: "GPCS"
;   Production Value: "GPCS"

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; php.ini Options  ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Name for user-defined php.ini (.htaccess) files. Default is ".user.ini"
;user_ini.filename = ".user.ini"

; To disable this feature set this option to empty value
;user_ini.filename =

; TTL for user-defined php.ini files (time-to-live) in seconds. Default is 300 seconds (5 minutes)
;user_ini.cache_ttl = 300

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Language Options ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Enable the PHP scripting language engine under Apache.
; http://php.net/engine
engine = On

; This directive determines whether or not PHP will recognize code between
;  tags as PHP source which should be processed as such. It is
; generally recommended that  should be used and that this feature
; should be disabled, as enabling it may result in issues when generating XML
; documents, however this remains supported for backward compatibility reasons.
; Note that this directive does not control the  tags.
; http://php.net/asp-tags
asp_tags = Off

; The number of significant digits displayed in floating point numbers.
; http://php.net/precision
precision = 14

; Output buffering is a mechanism for controlling how much output data
; (excluding headers and cookies) PHP should keep internally before pushing that
; data to the client. If your application's output exceeds this setting, PHP
; will send that data in chunks of roughly the size you specify.
; Turning on this setting and managing its maximum buffer size can yield some
; interesting side-effects depending on your application and web server.
; You may be able to send headers and cookies after you've already sent output
; through print or echo. You also may see performance benefits if your server is
; emitting less packets due to buffered output versus PHP streaming the output
; as it gets it. On production servers, 4096 bytes is a good setting for performance
; reasons.
; Note: Output buffering can also be controlled via Output Buffering Control
;   functions.
; Possible Values:
;   On = Enabled and buffer is unlimited. (Use with caution)
;   Off = Disabled
;   Integer = Enables the buffer and sets its maximum size in bytes.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: 4096
; Production Value: 4096
; http://php.net/output-buffering
output_buffering = 4096

; You can redirect all of the output of your scripts to a function.  For
; example, if you set output_handler to "mb_output_handler", character
; encoding will be transparently converted to the specified encoding.
; Setting any output handler automatically turns on output buffering.
; Note: People who wrote portable scripts should not depend on this ini
;   directive. Instead, explicitly set the output handler using ob_start().
;   Using this ini directive may cause problems unless you know what script
;   is doing.
; Note: You cannot use both "mb_output_handler" with "ob_iconv_handler"
;   and you cannot use both "ob_gzhandler" and "zlib.output_compression".
; Note: output_handler must be empty if this is set 'On' !!!!
;   Instead you must use zlib.output_handler.
; http://php.net/output-handler
;output_handler =

; Transparent output compression using the zlib library
; Valid values for this option are 'off', 'on', or a specific buffer size
; to be used for compression (default is 4KB)
; Note: Resulting chunk size may vary due to nature of compression. PHP
;   outputs chunks that are few hundreds bytes each as a result of
;   compression. If you prefer a larger chunk size for better
;   performance, enable output_buffering in addition.
; Note: You need to use zlib.output_handler instead of the standard
;   output_handler, or otherwise the output will be corrupted.
; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression
zlib.output_compression = Off

; http://php.net/zlib.output-compression-level
;zlib.output_compression_level = -1

; You cannot specify additional output handlers if zlib.output_compression
; is activated here. This setting does the same as output_handler but in
; a different order.
; http://php.net/zlib.output-handler
;zlib.output_handler =

; Implicit flush tells PHP to tell the output layer to flush itself
; automatically after every output block.  This is equivalent to calling the
; PHP function flush() after each and every call to print() or echo() and each
; and every HTML block.  Turning this option on has serious performance
; implications and is generally recommended for debugging purposes only.
; http://php.net/implicit-flush
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI
implicit_flush = Off

; The unserialize callback function will be called (with the undefined class'
; name as parameter), if the unserializer finds an undefined class
; which should be instantiated. A warning appears if the specified function is
; not defined, or if the function doesn't include/implement the missing class.
; So only set this entry, if you really want to implement such a
; callback-function.
unserialize_callback_func =

; When floats & doubles are serialized store serialize_precision significant
; digits after the floating point. The default value ensures that when floats
; are decoded with unserialize, the data will remain the same.
serialize_precision = 17

; open_basedir, if set, limits all file operations to the defined directory
; and below.  This directive makes most sense if used in a per-directory
; or per-virtualhost web server configuration file.
; http://php.net/open-basedir
;open_basedir =

; This directive allows you to disable certain functions for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of function names.
; http://php.net/disable-functions
disable_functions =

; This directive allows you to disable certain classes for security reasons.
; It receives a comma-delimited list of class names.
; http://php.net/disable-classes
disable_classes =

; Colors for Syntax Highlighting mode.  Anything that's acceptable in
;  would work.
; http://php.net/syntax-highlighting
;highlight.string  = #DD0000
;highlight.comment = #FF9900
;highlight.keyword = #007700
;highlight.default = #0000BB
;highlight.html    = #000000

; If enabled, the request will be allowed to complete even if the user aborts
; the request. Consider enabling it if executing long requests, which may end up
; being interrupted by the user or a browser timing out. PHP's default behavior
; is to disable this feature.
; http://php.net/ignore-user-abort
;ignore_user_abort = On

; Determines the size of the realpath cache to be used by PHP. This value should
; be increased on systems where PHP opens many files to reflect the quantity of
; the file operations performed.
; http://php.net/realpath-cache-size
;realpath_cache_size = 16k

; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given
; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this
; value.
; http://php.net/realpath-cache-ttl
;realpath_cache_ttl = 120

; Enables or disables the circular reference collector.
; http://php.net/zend.enable-gc
zend.enable_gc = On

; If enabled, scripts may be written in encodings that are incompatible with
; the scanner.  CP936, Big5, CP949 and Shift_JIS are the examples of such
; encodings.  To use this feature, mbstring extension must be enabled.
; Default: Off
;zend.multibyte = Off

; Allows to set the default encoding for the scripts.  This value will be used
; unless "declare(encoding=...)" directive appears at the top of the script.
; Only affects if zend.multibyte is set.
; Default: ""
;zend.script_encoding =

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Miscellaneous ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Decides whether PHP may expose the fact that it is installed on the server
; (e.g. by adding its signature to the Web server header).  It is no security
; threat in any way, but it makes it possible to determine whether you use PHP
; on your server or not.
; http://php.net/expose-php
expose_php = On

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Resource Limits ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds
; http://php.net/max-execution-time
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to 0 for the CLI SAPI
max_execution_time = 30

; Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data. It's a good
; idea to limit this time on productions servers in order to eliminate unexpectedly
; long running scripts.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to -1 for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: -1 (Unlimited)
; Development Value: 60 (60 seconds)
; Production Value: 60 (60 seconds)
; http://php.net/max-input-time
max_input_time = 60

; Maximum input variable nesting level
; http://php.net/max-input-nesting-level
;max_input_nesting_level = 64

; How many GET/POST/COOKIE input variables may be accepted
; max_input_vars = 1000

; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB)
; http://php.net/memory-limit
memory_limit = 128M

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Error handling and logging ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; This directive informs PHP of which errors, warnings and notices you would like
; it to take action for. The recommended way of setting values for this
; directive is through the use of the error level constants and bitwise
; operators. The error level constants are below here for convenience as well as
; some common settings and their meanings.
; By default, PHP is set to take action on all errors, notices and warnings EXCEPT
; those related to E_NOTICE and E_STRICT, which together cover best practices and
; recommended coding standards in PHP. For performance reasons, this is the
; recommend error reporting setting. Your production server shouldn't be wasting
; resources complaining about best practices and coding standards. That's what
; development servers and development settings are for.
; Note: The php.ini-development file has this setting as E_ALL. This
; means it pretty much reports everything which is exactly what you want during
; development and early testing.
;
; Error Level Constants:
; E_ALL             - All errors and warnings (includes E_STRICT as of PHP 5.4.0)
; E_ERROR           - fatal run-time errors
; E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR  - almost fatal run-time errors
; E_WARNING         - run-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_PARSE           - compile-time parse errors
; E_NOTICE          - run-time notices (these are warnings which often result
;                     from a bug in your code, but it's possible that it was
;                     intentional (e.g., using an uninitialized variable and
;                     relying on the fact it is automatically initialized to an
;                     empty string)
; E_STRICT          - run-time notices, enable to have PHP suggest changes
;                     to your code which will ensure the best interoperability
;                     and forward compatibility of your code
; E_CORE_ERROR      - fatal errors that occur during PHP's initial startup
; E_CORE_WARNING    - warnings (non-fatal errors) that occur during PHP's
;                     initial startup
; E_COMPILE_ERROR   - fatal compile-time errors
; E_COMPILE_WARNING - compile-time warnings (non-fatal errors)
; E_USER_ERROR      - user-generated error message
; E_USER_WARNING    - user-generated warning message
; E_USER_NOTICE     - user-generated notice message
; E_DEPRECATED      - warn about code that will not work in future versions
;                     of PHP
; E_USER_DEPRECATED - user-generated deprecation warnings
;
; Common Values:
;   E_ALL (Show all errors, warnings and notices including coding standards.)
;   E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE  (Show all errors, except for notices)
;   E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT  (Show all errors, except for notices and coding standards warnings.)
;   E_COMPILE_ERROR|E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR|E_ERROR|E_CORE_ERROR  (Show only errors)
; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_STRICT & ~E_DEPRECATED
; Development Value: E_ALL
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT
; http://php.net/error-reporting
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT

; This directive controls whether or not and where PHP will output errors,
; notices and warnings too. Error output is very useful during development, but
; it could be very dangerous in production environments. Depending on the code
; which is triggering the error, sensitive information could potentially leak
; out of your application such as database usernames and passwords or worse.
; For production environments, we recommend logging errors rather than
; sending them to STDOUT.
; Possible Values:
;   Off = Do not display any errors
;   stderr = Display errors to STDERR (affects only CGI/CLI binaries!)
;   On or stdout = Display errors to STDOUT
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/display-errors
display_errors = Off

; The display of errors which occur during PHP's startup sequence are handled
; separately from display_errors. PHP's default behavior is to suppress those
; errors from clients. Turning the display of startup errors on can be useful in
; debugging configuration problems. We strongly recommend you
; set this to 'off' for production servers.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/display-startup-errors
display_startup_errors = Off

; Besides displaying errors, PHP can also log errors to locations such as a
; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log
; directive found below. While errors should not be displayed on productions
; servers they should still be monitored and logging is a great way to do that.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/log-errors
log_errors = On

; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is
; added. The default is 1024 and 0 allows to not apply any maximum length at all.
; http://php.net/log-errors-max-len
log_errors_max_len = 1024

; Do not log repeated messages. Repeated errors must occur in same file on same
; line unless ignore_repeated_source is set true.
; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-errors
ignore_repeated_errors = Off

; Ignore source of message when ignoring repeated messages. When this setting
; is On you will not log errors with repeated messages from different files or
; source lines.
; http://php.net/ignore-repeated-source
ignore_repeated_source = Off

; If this parameter is set to Off, then memory leaks will not be shown (on
; stdout or in the log). This has only effect in a debug compile, and if
; error reporting includes E_WARNING in the allowed list
; http://php.net/report-memleaks
report_memleaks = On

; This setting is on by default.
;report_zend_debug = 0

; Store the last error/warning message in $php_errormsg (boolean). Setting this value
; to On can assist in debugging and is appropriate for development servers. It should
; however be disabled on production servers.
; Default Value: Off
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/track-errors
track_errors = Off

; Turn off normal error reporting and emit XML-RPC error XML
; http://php.net/xmlrpc-errors
;xmlrpc_errors = 0

; An XML-RPC faultCode
;xmlrpc_error_number = 0

; When PHP displays or logs an error, it has the capability of formatting the
; error message as HTML for easier reading. This directive controls whether
; the error message is formatted as HTML or not.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to Off for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production value: On
; http://php.net/html-errors
html_errors = On

; If html_errors is set to On *and* docref_root is not empty, then PHP
; produces clickable error messages that direct to a page describing the error
; or function causing the error in detail.
; You can download a copy of the PHP manual from http://php.net/docs
; and change docref_root to the base URL of your local copy including the
; leading '/'. You must also specify the file extension being used including
; the dot. PHP's default behavior is to leave these settings empty, in which
; case no links to documentation are generated.
; Note: Never use this feature for production boxes.
; http://php.net/docref-root
; Examples
;docref_root = "/phpmanual/"

; http://php.net/docref-ext
;docref_ext = .html

; String to output before an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave
; this setting blank.
; http://php.net/error-prepend-string
; Example:
;error_prepend_string = ""

; String to output after an error message. PHP's default behavior is to leave
; this setting blank.
; http://php.net/error-append-string
; Example:
;error_append_string = ""

; Log errors to specified file. PHP's default behavior is to leave this value
; empty.
; http://php.net/error-log
; Example:
;error_log = php_errors.log
; Log errors to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;error_log = syslog

;windows.show_crt_warning
; Default value: 0
; Development value: 0
; Production value: 0

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Data Handling ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; The separator used in PHP generated URLs to separate arguments.
; PHP's default setting is "&".
; http://php.net/arg-separator.output
; Example:
;arg_separator.output = "&"

; List of separator(s) used by PHP to parse input URLs into variables.
; PHP's default setting is "&".
; NOTE: Every character in this directive is considered as separator!
; http://php.net/arg-separator.input
; Example:
;arg_separator.input = ";&"

; This directive determines which super global arrays are registered when PHP
; starts up. G,P,C,E & S are abbreviations for the following respective super
; globals: GET, POST, COOKIE, ENV and SERVER. There is a performance penalty
; paid for the registration of these arrays and because ENV is not as commonly
; used as the others, ENV is not recommended on productions servers. You
; can still get access to the environment variables through getenv() should you
; need to.
; Default Value: "EGPCS"
; Development Value: "GPCS"
; Production Value: "GPCS";
; http://php.net/variables-order
variables_order = "GPCS"

; This directive determines which super global data (G,P & C) should be
; registered into the super global array REQUEST. If so, it also determines
; the order in which that data is registered. The values for this directive
; are specified in the same manner as the variables_order directive,
; EXCEPT one. Leaving this value empty will cause PHP to use the value set
; in the variables_order directive. It does not mean it will leave the super
; globals array REQUEST empty.
; Default Value: None
; Development Value: "GP"
; Production Value: "GP"
; http://php.net/request-order
request_order = "GP"

; This directive determines whether PHP registers $argv & $argc each time it
; runs. $argv contains an array of all the arguments passed to PHP when a script
; is invoked. $argc contains an integer representing the number of arguments
; that were passed when the script was invoked. These arrays are extremely
; useful when running scripts from the command line. When this directive is
; enabled, registering these variables consumes CPU cycles and memory each time
; a script is executed. For performance reasons, this feature should be disabled
; on production servers.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to On for the CLI SAPI
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: Off
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/register-argc-argv
register_argc_argv = Off

; When enabled, the ENV, REQUEST and SERVER variables are created when they're
; first used (Just In Time) instead of when the script starts. If these
; variables are not used within a script, having this directive on will result
; in a performance gain. The PHP directive register_argc_argv must be disabled
; for this directive to have any affect.
; http://php.net/auto-globals-jit
auto_globals_jit = On

; Whether PHP will read the POST data.
; This option is enabled by default.
; Most likely, you won't want to disable this option globally. It causes $_POST
; and $_FILES to always be empty; the only way you will be able to read the
; POST data will be through the php://input stream wrapper. This can be useful
; to proxy requests or to process the POST data in a memory efficient fashion.
; http://php.net/enable-post-data-reading
;enable_post_data_reading = Off

; Maximum size of POST data that PHP will accept.
; Its value may be 0 to disable the limit. It is ignored if POST data reading
; is disabled through enable_post_data_reading.
; http://php.net/post-max-size
post_max_size = 8M

; Automatically add files before PHP document.
; http://php.net/auto-prepend-file
auto_prepend_file =

; Automatically add files after PHP document.
; http://php.net/auto-append-file
auto_append_file =

; By default, PHP will output a media type using the Content-Type header. To
; disable this, simply set it to be empty.
;
; PHP's built-in default media type is set to text/html.
; http://php.net/default-mimetype
default_mimetype = "text/html"

; PHP's default character set is set to UTF-8.
; http://php.net/default-charset
default_charset = "UTF-8"

; PHP internal character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; http://php.net/internal-encoding
;internal_encoding =

; PHP input character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; http://php.net/input-encoding
;input_encoding =

; PHP output character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; See also output_buffer.
; http://php.net/output-encoding
;output_encoding =

; Always populate the $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA variable. PHP's default behavior is
; to disable this feature and it will be removed in a future version.
; If post reading is disabled through enable_post_data_reading,
; $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA is *NOT* populated.
; http://php.net/always-populate-raw-post-data
;always_populate_raw_post_data = -1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Paths and Directories ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; UNIX: "/path1:/path2"
;include_path = ".:/php/includes"
;
; Windows: "\path1;\path2"
;include_path = ".;c:\php\includes"
;
; PHP's default setting for include_path is ".;/path/to/php/pear"
; http://php.net/include-path

; The root of the PHP pages, used only if nonempty.
; if PHP was not compiled with FORCE_REDIRECT, you SHOULD set doc_root
; if you are running php as a CGI under any web server (other than IIS)
; see documentation for security issues.  The alternate is to use the
; cgi.force_redirect configuration below
; http://php.net/doc-root
doc_root =

; The directory under which PHP opens the script using /~username used only
; if nonempty.
; http://php.net/user-dir
user_dir =

; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside.
; http://php.net/extension-dir
; extension_dir = "./"
; On windows:
; extension_dir = "ext"

; Directory where the temporary files should be placed.
; Defaults to the system default (see sys_get_temp_dir)
; sys_temp_dir = "/tmp"

; Whether or not to enable the dl() function.  The dl() function does NOT work
; properly in multithreaded servers, such as IIS or Zeus, and is automatically
; disabled on them.
; http://php.net/enable-dl
enable_dl = Off

; cgi.force_redirect is necessary to provide security running PHP as a CGI under
; most web servers.  Left undefined, PHP turns this on by default.  You can
; turn it off here AT YOUR OWN RISK
; **You CAN safely turn this off for IIS, in fact, you MUST.**
; http://php.net/cgi.force-redirect
;cgi.force_redirect = 1

; if cgi.nph is enabled it will force cgi to always sent Status: 200 with
; every request. PHP's default behavior is to disable this feature.
;cgi.nph = 1

; if cgi.force_redirect is turned on, and you are not running under Apache or Netscape
; (iPlanet) web servers, you MAY need to set an environment variable name that PHP
; will look for to know it is OK to continue execution.  Setting this variable MAY
; cause security issues, KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING FIRST.
; http://php.net/cgi.redirect-status-env
;cgi.redirect_status_env =

; cgi.fix_pathinfo provides *real* PATH_INFO/PATH_TRANSLATED support for CGI.  PHP's
; previous behaviour was to set PATH_TRANSLATED to SCRIPT_FILENAME, and to not grok
; what PATH_INFO is.  For more information on PATH_INFO, see the cgi specs.  Setting
; this to 1 will cause PHP CGI to fix its paths to conform to the spec.  A setting
; of zero causes PHP to behave as before.  Default is 1.  You should fix your scripts
; to use SCRIPT_FILENAME rather than PATH_TRANSLATED.
; http://php.net/cgi.fix-pathinfo
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1

; if cgi.discard_path is enabled, the PHP CGI binary can safely be placed outside
; of the web tree and people will not be able to circumvent .htaccess security.
; http://php.net/cgi.dicard-path
;cgi.discard_path=1

; FastCGI under IIS (on WINNT based OS) supports the ability to impersonate
; security tokens of the calling client.  This allows IIS to define the
; security context that the request runs under.  mod_fastcgi under Apache
; does not currently support this feature (03/17/2002)
; Set to 1 if running under IIS.  Default is zero.
; http://php.net/fastcgi.impersonate
;fastcgi.impersonate = 1

; Disable logging through FastCGI connection. PHP's default behavior is to enable
; this feature.
;fastcgi.logging = 0

; cgi.rfc2616_headers configuration option tells PHP what type of headers to
; use when sending HTTP response code. If set to 0, PHP sends Status: header that
; is supported by Apache. When this option is set to 1, PHP will send
; RFC2616 compliant header.
; Default is zero.
; http://php.net/cgi.rfc2616-headers
;cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0

; cgi.check_shebang_line controls whether CGI PHP checks for line starting with #!
; (shebang) at the top of the running script. This line might be needed if the
; script support running both as stand-alone script and via PHP CGI<. PHP in CGI
; mode skips this line and ignores its content if this directive is turned on.
; http://php.net/cgi.check-shebang-line
;cgi.check_shebang_line=1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; File Uploads ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Whether to allow HTTP file uploads.
; http://php.net/file-uploads
file_uploads = On

; Temporary directory for HTTP uploaded files (will use system default if not
; specified).
; http://php.net/upload-tmp-dir
;upload_tmp_dir =

; Maximum allowed size for uploaded files.
; http://php.net/upload-max-filesize
upload_max_filesize = 2M

; Maximum number of files that can be uploaded via a single request
max_file_uploads = 20

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Fopen wrappers ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Whether to allow the treatment of URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files.
; http://php.net/allow-url-fopen
allow_url_fopen = On

; Whether to allow include/require to open URLs (like http:// or ftp://) as files.
; http://php.net/allow-url-include
allow_url_include = Off

; Define the anonymous ftp password (your email address). PHP's default setting
; for this is empty.
; http://php.net/from
;from="[email protected]"

; Define the User-Agent string. PHP's default setting for this is empty.
; http://php.net/user-agent
;user_agent="PHP"

; Default timeout for socket based streams (seconds)
; http://php.net/default-socket-timeout
default_socket_timeout = 60

; If your scripts have to deal with files from Macintosh systems,
; or you are running on a Mac and need to deal with files from
; unix or win32 systems, setting this flag will cause PHP to
; automatically detect the EOL character in those files so that
; fgets() and file() will work regardless of the source of the file.
; http://php.net/auto-detect-line-endings
;auto_detect_line_endings = Off

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Dynamic Extensions ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; If you wish to have an extension loaded automatically, use the following
; syntax:
;
;   extension=modulename.extension
;
; For example, on Windows:
;
;   extension=msql.dll
;
; ... or under UNIX:
;
;   extension=msql.so
;
; ... or with a path:
;
;   extension=/path/to/extension/msql.so
;
; If you only provide the name of the extension, PHP will look for it in its
; default extension directory.
;
; Windows Extensions
; Note that ODBC support is built in, so no dll is needed for it.
; Note that many DLL files are located in the extensions/ (PHP 4) ext/ (PHP 5)
; extension folders as well as the separate PECL DLL download (PHP 5).
; Be sure to appropriately set the extension_dir directive.
;
;extension=php_bz2.dll
;extension=php_curl.dll
;extension=php_fileinfo.dll
;extension=php_gd2.dll
;extension=php_gettext.dll
;extension=php_gmp.dll
;extension=php_intl.dll
;extension=php_imap.dll
;extension=php_interbase.dll
;extension=php_ldap.dll
;extension=php_mbstring.dll
;extension=php_exif.dll      ; Must be after mbstring as it depends on it
;extension=php_mysql.dll
;extension=php_mysqli.dll
;extension=php_oci8_12c.dll  ; Use with Oracle Database 12c Instant Client
;extension=php_openssl.dll
;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll
;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_oci.dll
;extension=php_pdo_odbc.dll
;extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll
;extension=php_pgsql.dll
;extension=php_shmop.dll

; The MIBS data available in the PHP distribution must be installed. 
; See http://www.php.net/manual/en/snmp.installation.php 
;extension=php_snmp.dll

;extension=php_soap.dll
;extension=php_sockets.dll
;extension=php_sqlite3.dll
;extension=php_sybase_ct.dll
;extension=php_tidy.dll
;extension=php_xmlrpc.dll
;extension=php_xsl.dll

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Module Settings ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[CLI Server]
; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output.
cli_server.color = On

[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
;date.timezone =

; http://php.net/date.default-latitude
;date.default_latitude = 31.7667

; http://php.net/date.default-longitude
;date.default_longitude = 35.2333

; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith
;date.sunrise_zenith = 90.583333

; http://php.net/date.sunset-zenith
;date.sunset_zenith = 90.583333

[filter]
; http://php.net/filter.default
;filter.default = unsafe_raw

; http://php.net/filter.default-flags
;filter.default_flags =

[iconv]
; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or iconv.input_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < iconv.input_encoding
;iconv.input_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding
;iconv.internal_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead.
; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or iconv.output_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < iconv.output_encoding
; To use an output encoding conversion, iconv's output handler must be set
; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed.
;iconv.output_encoding =

[intl]
;intl.default_locale =
; This directive allows you to produce PHP errors when some error
; happens within intl functions. The value is the level of the error produced.
; Default is 0, which does not produce any errors.
;intl.error_level = E_WARNING
;intl.use_exceptions = 0

[sqlite3]
;sqlite3.extension_dir =

[Pcre]
;PCRE library backtracking limit.
; http://php.net/pcre.backtrack-limit
;pcre.backtrack_limit=100000

;PCRE library recursion limit.
;Please note that if you set this value to a high number you may consume all
;the available process stack and eventually crash PHP (due to reaching the
;stack size limit imposed by the Operating System).
; http://php.net/pcre.recursion-limit
;pcre.recursion_limit=100000

[Pdo]
; Whether to pool ODBC connections. Can be one of "strict", "relaxed" or "off"
; http://php.net/pdo-odbc.connection-pooling
;pdo_odbc.connection_pooling=strict

;pdo_odbc.db2_instance_name

[Pdo_mysql]
; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.cache_size
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/pdo_mysql.default-socket
pdo_mysql.default_socket=

[Phar]
; http://php.net/phar.readonly
;phar.readonly = On

; http://php.net/phar.require-hash
;phar.require_hash = On

;phar.cache_list =

[mail function]
; For Win32 only.
; http://php.net/smtp
SMTP = localhost
; http://php.net/smtp-port
smtp_port = 25

; For Win32 only.
; http://php.net/sendmail-from
;sendmail_from = [email protected]

; For Unix only.  You may supply arguments as well (default: "sendmail -t -i").
; http://php.net/sendmail-path
;sendmail_path =

; Force the addition of the specified parameters to be passed as extra parameters
; to the sendmail binary. These parameters will always replace the value of
; the 5th parameter to mail().
;mail.force_extra_parameters =

; Add X-PHP-Originating-Script: that will include uid of the script followed by the filename
mail.add_x_header = On

; The path to a log file that will log all mail() calls. Log entries include
; the full path of the script, line number, To address and headers.
;mail.log =
; Log mail to syslog (Event Log on Windows).
;mail.log = syslog

[SQL]
; http://php.net/sql.safe-mode
sql.safe_mode = Off

[ODBC]
; http://php.net/odbc.default-db
;odbc.default_db    =  Not yet implemented

; http://php.net/odbc.default-user
;odbc.default_user  =  Not yet implemented

; http://php.net/odbc.default-pw
;odbc.default_pw    =  Not yet implemented

; Controls the ODBC cursor model.
; Default: SQL_CURSOR_STATIC (default).
;odbc.default_cursortype

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/odbc.allow-persistent
odbc.allow_persistent = On

; Check that a connection is still valid before reuse.
; http://php.net/odbc.check-persistent
odbc.check_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/odbc.max-persistent
odbc.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/odbc.max-links
odbc.max_links = -1

; Handling of LONG fields.  Returns number of bytes to variables.  0 means
; passthru.
; http://php.net/odbc.defaultlrl
odbc.defaultlrl = 4096

; Handling of binary data.  0 means passthru, 1 return as is, 2 convert to char.
; See the documentation on odbc_binmode and odbc_longreadlen for an explanation
; of odbc.defaultlrl and odbc.defaultbinmode
; http://php.net/odbc.defaultbinmode
odbc.defaultbinmode = 1

;birdstep.max_links = -1

[Interbase]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
ibase.allow_persistent = 1

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
ibase.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
ibase.max_links = -1

; Default database name for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_db =

; Default username for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_user =

; Default password for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_password =

; Default charset for ibase_connect().
;ibase.default_charset =

; Default timestamp format.
ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

; Default date format.
ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"

; Default time format.
ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"

[MySQL]
; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements
; http://php.net/mysql.allow_local_infile
mysql.allow_local_infile = On

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/mysql.allow-persistent
mysql.allow_persistent = On

; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/mysql.cache_size
mysql.cache_size = 2000

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysql.max-persistent
mysql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysql.max-links
mysql.max_links = -1

; Default port number for mysql_connect().  If unset, mysql_connect() will use
; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the
; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order).  Win32 will only look
; at MYSQL_PORT.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-port
mysql.default_port =

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-socket
mysql.default_socket =

; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysql.default-host
mysql.default_host =

; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysql.default-user
mysql.default_user =

; Default password for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file.
; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysql.default_password")
; and reveal this password!  And of course, any users with read access to this
; file will be able to reveal the password as well.
; http://php.net/mysql.default-password
mysql.default_password =

; Maximum time (in seconds) for connect timeout. -1 means no limit
; http://php.net/mysql.connect-timeout
mysql.connect_timeout = 60

; Trace mode. When trace_mode is active (=On), warnings for table/index scans and
; SQL-Errors will be displayed.
; http://php.net/mysql.trace-mode
mysql.trace_mode = Off

[MySQLi]

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysqli.max-persistent
mysqli.max_persistent = -1

; Allow accessing, from PHP's perspective, local files with LOAD DATA statements
; http://php.net/mysqli.allow_local_infile
;mysqli.allow_local_infile = On

; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/mysqli.allow-persistent
mysqli.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/mysqli.max-links
mysqli.max_links = -1

; If mysqlnd is used: Number of cache slots for the internal result set cache
; http://php.net/mysqli.cache_size
mysqli.cache_size = 2000

; Default port number for mysqli_connect().  If unset, mysqli_connect() will use
; the $MYSQL_TCP_PORT or the mysql-tcp entry in /etc/services or the
; compile-time value defined MYSQL_PORT (in that order).  Win32 will only look
; at MYSQL_PORT.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-port
mysqli.default_port = 3306

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects.  If empty, uses the built-in
; MySQL defaults.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-socket
mysqli.default_socket =

; Default host for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-host
mysqli.default_host =

; Default user for mysql_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-user
mysqli.default_user =

; Default password for mysqli_connect() (doesn't apply in safe mode).
; Note that this is generally a *bad* idea to store passwords in this file.
; *Any* user with PHP access can run 'echo get_cfg_var("mysqli.default_pw")
; and reveal this password!  And of course, any users with read access to this
; file will be able to reveal the password as well.
; http://php.net/mysqli.default-pw
mysqli.default_pw =

; Allow or prevent reconnect
mysqli.reconnect = Off

[mysqlnd]
; Enable / Disable collection of general statistics by mysqlnd which can be
; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_statistics
mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On

; Enable / Disable collection of memory usage statistics by mysqlnd which can be
; used to tune and monitor MySQL operations.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = Off

; Records communication from all extensions using mysqlnd to the specified log
; file.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.debug
;mysqlnd.debug =

; Defines which queries will be logged.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.log_mask
;mysqlnd.log_mask = 0

; Default size of the mysqlnd memory pool, which is used by result sets.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.mempool_default_size
;mysqlnd.mempool_default_size = 16000

; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used when sending commands to MySQL in bytes.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size
;mysqlnd.net_cmd_buffer_size = 2048

; Size of a pre-allocated buffer used for reading data sent by the server in
; bytes.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size
;mysqlnd.net_read_buffer_size = 32768

; Timeout for network requests in seconds.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.net_read_timeout
;mysqlnd.net_read_timeout = 31536000

; SHA-256 Authentication Plugin related. File with the MySQL server public RSA
; key.
; http://php.net/mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key
;mysqlnd.sha256_server_public_key =

[OCI8]

; Connection: Enables privileged connections using external
; credentials (OCI_SYSOPER, OCI_SYSDBA)
; http://php.net/oci8.privileged-connect
;oci8.privileged_connect = Off

; Connection: The maximum number of persistent OCI8 connections per
; process. Using -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/oci8.max-persistent
;oci8.max_persistent = -1

; Connection: The maximum number of seconds a process is allowed to
; maintain an idle persistent connection. Using -1 means idle
; persistent connections will be maintained forever.
; http://php.net/oci8.persistent-timeout
;oci8.persistent_timeout = -1

; Connection: The number of seconds that must pass before issuing a
; ping during oci_pconnect() to check the connection validity. When
; set to 0, each oci_pconnect() will cause a ping. Using -1 disables
; pings completely.
; http://php.net/oci8.ping-interval
;oci8.ping_interval = 60

; Connection: Set this to a user chosen connection class to be used
; for all pooled server requests with Oracle 11g Database Resident
; Connection Pooling (DRCP).  To use DRCP, this value should be set to
; the same string for all web servers running the same application,
; the database pool must be configured, and the connection string must
; specify to use a pooled server.
;oci8.connection_class =

; High Availability: Using On lets PHP receive Fast Application
; Notification (FAN) events generated when a database node fails. The
; database must also be configured to post FAN events.
;oci8.events = Off

; Tuning: This option enables statement caching, and specifies how
; many statements to cache. Using 0 disables statement caching.
; http://php.net/oci8.statement-cache-size
;oci8.statement_cache_size = 20

; Tuning: Enables statement prefetching and sets the default number of
; rows that will be fetched automatically after statement execution.
; http://php.net/oci8.default-prefetch
;oci8.default_prefetch = 100

; Compatibility. Using On means oci_close() will not close
; oci_connect() and oci_new_connect() connections.
; http://php.net/oci8.old-oci-close-semantics
;oci8.old_oci_close_semantics = Off

[PostgreSQL]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/pgsql.allow-persistent
pgsql.allow_persistent = On

; Detect broken persistent links always with pg_pconnect().
; Auto reset feature requires a little overheads.
; http://php.net/pgsql.auto-reset-persistent
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/pgsql.max-persistent
pgsql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/pgsql.max-links
pgsql.max_links = -1

; Ignore PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not.
; Notice message logging require a little overheads.
; http://php.net/pgsql.ignore-notice
pgsql.ignore_notice = 0

; Log PostgreSQL backends Notice message or not.
; Unless pgsql.ignore_notice=0, module cannot log notice message.
; http://php.net/pgsql.log-notice
pgsql.log_notice = 0

[Sybase-CT]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
; http://php.net/sybct.allow-persistent
sybct.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/sybct.max-persistent
sybct.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent + non-persistent).  -1 means no limit.
; http://php.net/sybct.max-links
sybct.max_links = -1

; Minimum server message severity to display.
; http://php.net/sybct.min-server-severity
sybct.min_server_severity = 10

; Minimum client message severity to display.
; http://php.net/sybct.min-client-severity
sybct.min_client_severity = 10

; Set per-context timeout
; http://php.net/sybct.timeout
;sybct.timeout=

;sybct.packet_size

; The maximum time in seconds to wait for a connection attempt to succeed before returning failure.
; Default: one minute
;sybct.login_timeout=

; The name of the host you claim to be connecting from, for display by sp_who.
; Default: none
;sybct.hostname=

; Allows you to define how often deadlocks are to be retried. -1 means "forever".
; Default: 0
;sybct.deadlock_retry_count=

[bcmath]
; Number of decimal digits for all bcmath functions.
; http://php.net/bcmath.scale
bcmath.scale = 0

[browscap]
; http://php.net/browscap
;browscap = extra/browscap.ini

[Session]
; Handler used to store/retrieve data.
; http://php.net/session.save-handler
session.save_handler = files

; Argument passed to save_handler.  In the case of files, this is the path
; where data files are stored. Note: Windows users have to change this
; variable in order to use PHP's session functions.
;
; The path can be defined as:
;
;     session.save_path = "N;/path"
;
; where N is an integer.  Instead of storing all the session files in
; /path, what this will do is use subdirectories N-levels deep, and
; store the session data in those directories.  This is useful if
; your OS has problems with many files in one directory, and is
; a more efficient layout for servers that handle many sessions.
;
; NOTE 1: PHP will not create this directory structure automatically.
;         You can use the script in the ext/session dir for that purpose.
; NOTE 2: See the section on garbage collection below if you choose to
;         use subdirectories for session storage
;
; The file storage module creates files using mode 600 by default.
; You can change that by using
;
;     session.save_path = "N;MODE;/path"
;
; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this
; does not overwrite the process's umask.
; http://php.net/session.save-path
;session.save_path = "/tmp"

; Whether to use strict session mode.
; Strict session mode does not accept uninitialized session ID and regenerate
; session ID if browser sends uninitialized session ID. Strict mode protects
; applications from session fixation via session adoption vulnerability. It is
; disabled by default for maximum compatibility, but enabling it is encouraged.
; https://wiki.php.net/rfc/strict_sessions
session.use_strict_mode = 0

; Whether to use cookies.
; http://php.net/session.use-cookies
session.use_cookies = 1

; http://php.net/session.cookie-secure
;session.cookie_secure =

; This option forces PHP to fetch and use a cookie for storing and maintaining
; the session id. We encourage this operation as it's very helpful in combating
; session hijacking when not specifying and managing your own session id. It is
; not the be-all and end-all of session hijacking defense, but it's a good start.
; http://php.net/session.use-only-cookies
session.use_only_cookies = 1

; Name of the session (used as cookie name).
; http://php.net/session.name
session.name = PHPSESSID

; Initialize session on request startup.
; http://php.net/session.auto-start
session.auto_start = 0

; Lifetime in seconds of cookie or, if 0, until browser is restarted.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-lifetime
session.cookie_lifetime = 0

; The path for which the cookie is valid.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-path
session.cookie_path = /

; The domain for which the cookie is valid.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-domain
session.cookie_domain =

; Whether or not to add the httpOnly flag to the cookie, which makes it inaccessible to browser scripting languages such as JavaScript.
; http://php.net/session.cookie-httponly
session.cookie_httponly =

; Handler used to serialize data.  php is the standard serializer of PHP.
; http://php.net/session.serialize-handler
session.serialize_handler = php

; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started
; on every session initialization. The probability is calculated by using
; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator
; and gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
; the gc will run on any give request.
; Default Value: 1
; Development Value: 1
; Production Value: 1
; http://php.net/session.gc-probability
session.gc_probability = 1

; Defines the probability that the 'garbage collection' process is started on every
; session initialization. The probability is calculated by using the following equation:
; gc_probability/gc_divisor. Where session.gc_probability is the numerator and
; session.gc_divisor is the denominator in the equation. Setting this value to 1
; when the session.gc_divisor value is 100 will give you approximately a 1% chance
; the gc will run on any give request. Increasing this value to 1000 will give you
; a 0.1% chance the gc will run on any give request. For high volume production servers,
; this is a more efficient approach.
; Default Value: 100
; Development Value: 1000
; Production Value: 1000
; http://php.net/session.gc-divisor
session.gc_divisor = 1000

; After this number of seconds, stored data will be seen as 'garbage' and
; cleaned up by the garbage collection process.
; http://php.net/session.gc-maxlifetime
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440

; NOTE: If you are using the subdirectory option for storing session files
;       (see session.save_path above), then garbage collection does *not*
;       happen automatically.  You will need to do your own garbage
;       collection through a shell script, cron entry, or some other method.
;       For example, the following script would is the equivalent of
;       setting session.gc_maxlifetime to 1440 (1440 seconds = 24 minutes):
;          find /path/to/sessions -cmin +24 -type f | xargs rm

; Check HTTP Referer to invalidate externally stored URLs containing ids.
; HTTP_REFERER has to contain this substring for the session to be
; considered as valid.
; http://php.net/session.referer-check
session.referer_check =

; How many bytes to read from the file.
; http://php.net/session.entropy-length
;session.entropy_length = 32

; Specified here to create the session id.
; http://php.net/session.entropy-file
; Defaults to /dev/urandom
; On systems that don't have /dev/urandom but do have /dev/arandom, this will default to /dev/arandom
; If neither are found at compile time, the default is no entropy file.
; On windows, setting the entropy_length setting will activate the
; Windows random source (using the CryptoAPI)
;session.entropy_file = /dev/urandom

; Set to {nocache,private,public,} to determine HTTP caching aspects
; or leave this empty to avoid sending anti-caching headers.
; http://php.net/session.cache-limiter
session.cache_limiter = nocache

; Document expires after n minutes.
; http://php.net/session.cache-expire
session.cache_expire = 180

; trans sid support is disabled by default.
; Use of trans sid may risk your users' security.
; Use this option with caution.
; - User may send URL contains active session ID
;   to other person via. email/irc/etc.
; - URL that contains active session ID may be stored
;   in publicly accessible computer.
; - User may access your site with the same session ID
;   always using URL stored in browser's history or bookmarks.
; http://php.net/session.use-trans-sid
session.use_trans_sid = 0

; Select a hash function for use in generating session ids.
; Possible Values
;   0  (MD5 128 bits)
;   1  (SHA-1 160 bits)
; This option may also be set to the name of any hash function supported by
; the hash extension. A list of available hashes is returned by the hash_algos()
; function.
; http://php.net/session.hash-function
session.hash_function = 0

; Define how many bits are stored in each character when converting
; the binary hash data to something readable.
; Possible values:
;   4  (4 bits: 0-9, a-f)
;   5  (5 bits: 0-9, a-v)
;   6  (6 bits: 0-9, a-z, A-Z, "-", ",")
; Default Value: 4
; Development Value: 5
; Production Value: 5
; http://php.net/session.hash-bits-per-character
session.hash_bits_per_character = 5

; The URL rewriter will look for URLs in a defined set of HTML tags.
; form/fieldset are special; if you include them here, the rewriter will
; add a hidden  field with the info which is otherwise appended
; to URLs.  If you want XHTML conformity, remove the form entry.
; Note that all valid entries require a "=", even if no value follows.
; Default Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=,fieldset="
; Development Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
; Production Value: "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"
; http://php.net/url-rewriter.tags
url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry"

; Enable upload progress tracking in $_SESSION
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.enabled
;session.upload_progress.enabled = On

; Cleanup the progress information as soon as all POST data has been read
; (i.e. upload completed).
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.cleanup
;session.upload_progress.cleanup = On

; A prefix used for the upload progress key in $_SESSION
; Default Value: "upload_progress_"
; Development Value: "upload_progress_"
; Production Value: "upload_progress_"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.prefix
;session.upload_progress.prefix = "upload_progress_"

; The index name (concatenated with the prefix) in $_SESSION
; containing the upload progress information
; Default Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; Development Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; Production Value: "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.name
;session.upload_progress.name = "PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS"

; How frequently the upload progress should be updated.
; Given either in percentages (per-file), or in bytes
; Default Value: "1%"
; Development Value: "1%"
; Production Value: "1%"
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.freq
;session.upload_progress.freq =  "1%"

; The minimum delay between updates, in seconds
; Default Value: 1
; Development Value: 1
; Production Value: 1
; http://php.net/session.upload-progress.min-freq
;session.upload_progress.min_freq = "1"

[MSSQL]
; Allow or prevent persistent links.
mssql.allow_persistent = On

; Maximum number of persistent links.  -1 means no limit.
mssql.max_persistent = -1

; Maximum number of links (persistent+non persistent).  -1 means no limit.
mssql.max_links = -1

; Minimum error severity to display.
mssql.min_error_severity = 10

; Minimum message severity to display.
mssql.min_message_severity = 10

; Compatibility mode with old versions of PHP 3.0.
mssql.compatibility_mode = Off

; Connect timeout
;mssql.connect_timeout = 5

; Query timeout
;mssql.timeout = 60

; Valid range 0 - 2147483647.  Default = 4096.
;mssql.textlimit = 4096

; Valid range 0 - 2147483647.  Default = 4096.
;mssql.textsize = 4096

; Limits the number of records in each batch.  0 = all records in one batch.
;mssql.batchsize = 0

; Specify how datetime and datetim4 columns are returned
; On => Returns data converted to SQL server settings
; Off => Returns values as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
;mssql.datetimeconvert = On

; Use NT authentication when connecting to the server
mssql.secure_connection = Off

; Specify max number of processes. -1 = library default
; msdlib defaults to 25
; FreeTDS defaults to 4096
;mssql.max_procs = -1

; Specify client character set.
; If empty or not set the client charset from freetds.conf is used
; This is only used when compiled with FreeTDS
;mssql.charset = "ISO-8859-1"

[Assertion]
; Assert(expr); active by default.
; http://php.net/assert.active
;assert.active = On

; Issue a PHP warning for each failed assertion.
; http://php.net/assert.warning
;assert.warning = On

; Don't bail out by default.
; http://php.net/assert.bail
;assert.bail = Off

; User-function to be called if an assertion fails.
; http://php.net/assert.callback
;assert.callback = 0

; Eval the expression with current error_reporting().  Set to true if you want
; error_reporting(0) around the eval().
; http://php.net/assert.quiet-eval
;assert.quiet_eval = 0

[COM]
; path to a file containing GUIDs, IIDs or filenames of files with TypeLibs
; http://php.net/com.typelib-file
;com.typelib_file =

; allow Distributed-COM calls
; http://php.net/com.allow-dcom
;com.allow_dcom = true

; autoregister constants of a components typlib on com_load()
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-typelib
;com.autoregister_typelib = true

; register constants casesensitive
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-casesensitive
;com.autoregister_casesensitive = false

; show warnings on duplicate constant registrations
; http://php.net/com.autoregister-verbose
;com.autoregister_verbose = true

; The default character set code-page to use when passing strings to and from COM objects.
; Default: system ANSI code page
;com.code_page=

[mbstring]
; language for internal character representation.
; This affects mb_send_mail() and mbstrig.detect_order.
; http://php.net/mbstring.language
;mbstring.language = Japanese

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.
; internal/script encoding.
; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding. (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*)
; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding
;mbstring.internal_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global input_encoding instead.
; http input encoding.
; mbstring.encoding_traslation = On is needed to use this setting.
; If empty, default_charset or input_encoding or mbstring.input is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < intput_encoding < mbsting.http_input
; http://php.net/mbstring.http-input
;mbstring.http_input =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global output_encoding instead.
; http output encoding.
; mb_output_handler must be registered as output buffer to function.
; If empty, default_charset or output_encoding or mbstring.http_output is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < output_encoding < mbstring.http_output
; To use an output encoding conversion, mbstring's output handler must be set
; otherwise output encoding conversion cannot be performed.
; http://php.net/mbstring.http-output
;mbstring.http_output =

; enable automatic encoding translation according to
; mbstring.internal_encoding setting. Input chars are
; converted to internal encoding by setting this to On.
; Note: Do _not_ use automatic encoding translation for
;       portable libs/applications.
; http://php.net/mbstring.encoding-translation
;mbstring.encoding_translation = Off

; automatic encoding detection order.
; "auto" detect order is changed according to mbstring.language
; http://php.net/mbstring.detect-order
;mbstring.detect_order = auto

; substitute_character used when character cannot be converted
; one from another
; http://php.net/mbstring.substitute-character
;mbstring.substitute_character = none

; overload(replace) single byte functions by mbstring functions.
; mail(), ereg(), etc are overloaded by mb_send_mail(), mb_ereg(),
; etc. Possible values are 0,1,2,4 or combination of them.
; For example, 7 for overload everything.
; 0: No overload
; 1: Overload mail() function
; 2: Overload str*() functions
; 4: Overload ereg*() functions
; http://php.net/mbstring.func-overload
;mbstring.func_overload = 0

; enable strict encoding detection.
; Default: Off
;mbstring.strict_detection = On

; This directive specifies the regex pattern of content types for which mb_output_handler()
; is activated.
; Default: mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=^(text/|application/xhtml\+xml)
;mbstring.http_output_conv_mimetype=

[gd]
; Tell the jpeg decode to ignore warnings and try to create
; a gd image. The warning will then be displayed as notices
; disabled by default
; http://php.net/gd.jpeg-ignore-warning
;gd.jpeg_ignore_warning = 0

[exif]
; Exif UNICODE user comments are handled as UCS-2BE/UCS-2LE and JIS as JIS.
; With mbstring support this will automatically be converted into the encoding
; given by corresponding encode setting. When empty mbstring.internal_encoding
; is used. For the decode settings you can distinguish between motorola and
; intel byte order. A decode setting cannot be empty.
; http://php.net/exif.encode-unicode
;exif.encode_unicode = ISO-8859-15

; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-motorola
;exif.decode_unicode_motorola = UCS-2BE

; http://php.net/exif.decode-unicode-intel
;exif.decode_unicode_intel    = UCS-2LE

; http://php.net/exif.encode-jis
;exif.encode_jis =

; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-motorola
;exif.decode_jis_motorola = JIS

; http://php.net/exif.decode-jis-intel
;exif.decode_jis_intel    = JIS

[Tidy]
; The path to a default tidy configuration file to use when using tidy
; http://php.net/tidy.default-config
;tidy.default_config = /usr/local/lib/php/default.tcfg

; Should tidy clean and repair output automatically?
; WARNING: Do not use this option if you are generating non-html content
; such as dynamic images
; http://php.net/tidy.clean-output
tidy.clean_output = Off

[soap]
; Enables or disables WSDL caching feature.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-enabled
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1

; Sets the directory name where SOAP extension will put cache files.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-dir
soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"

; (time to live) Sets the number of second while cached file will be used
; instead of original one.
; http://php.net/soap.wsdl-cache-ttl
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400

; Sets the size of the cache limit. (Max. number of WSDL files to cache)
soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5

[sysvshm]
; A default size of the shared memory segment
;sysvshm.init_mem = 10000

[ldap]
; Sets the maximum number of open links or -1 for unlimited.
ldap.max_links = -1

[mcrypt]
; For more information about mcrypt settings see http://php.net/mcrypt-module-open

; Directory where to load mcrypt algorithms
; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt)
;mcrypt.algorithms_dir=

; Directory where to load mcrypt modes
; Default: Compiled in into libmcrypt (usually /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt)
;mcrypt.modes_dir=

[dba]
;dba.default_handler=

[opcache]
; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled
;opcache.enable=0

; Determines if Zend OPCache is enabled for the CLI version of PHP
;opcache.enable_cli=0

; The OPcache shared memory storage size.
;opcache.memory_consumption=64

; The amount of memory for interned strings in Mbytes.
;opcache.interned_strings_buffer=4

; The maximum number of keys (scripts) in the OPcache hash table.
; Only numbers between 200 and 100000 are allowed.
;opcache.max_accelerated_files=2000

; The maximum percentage of "wasted" memory until a restart is scheduled.
;opcache.max_wasted_percentage=5

; When this directive is enabled, the OPcache appends the current working
; directory to the script key, thus eliminating possible collisions between
; files with the same name (basename). Disabling the directive improves
; performance, but may break existing applications.
;opcache.use_cwd=1

; When disabled, you must reset the OPcache manually or restart the
; webserver for changes to the filesystem to take effect.
;opcache.validate_timestamps=1

; How often (in seconds) to check file timestamps for changes to the shared
; memory storage allocation. ("1" means validate once per second, but only
; once per request. "0" means always validate)
;opcache.revalidate_freq=2

; Enables or disables file search in include_path optimization
;opcache.revalidate_path=0

; If disabled, all PHPDoc comments are dropped from the code to reduce the
; size of the optimized code.
;opcache.save_comments=1

; If disabled, PHPDoc comments are not loaded from SHM, so "Doc Comments"
; may be always stored (save_comments=1), but not loaded by applications
; that don't need them anyway.
;opcache.load_comments=1

; If enabled, a fast shutdown sequence is used for the accelerated code
;opcache.fast_shutdown=0

; Allow file existence override (file_exists, etc.) performance feature.
;opcache.enable_file_override=0

; A bitmask, where each bit enables or disables the appropriate OPcache
; passes
;opcache.optimization_level=0xffffffff

;opcache.inherited_hack=1
;opcache.dups_fix=0

; The location of the OPcache blacklist file (wildcards allowed).
; Each OPcache blacklist file is a text file that holds the names of files
; that should not be accelerated. The file format is to add each filename
; to a new line. The filename may be a full path or just a file prefix
; (i.e., /var/www/x  blacklists all the files and directories in /var/www
; that start with 'x'). Line starting with a ; are ignored (comments).
;opcache.blacklist_filename=

; Allows exclusion of large files from being cached. By default all files
; are cached.
;opcache.max_file_size=0

; Check the cache checksum each N requests.
; The default value of "0" means that the checks are disabled.
;opcache.consistency_checks=0

; How long to wait (in seconds) for a scheduled restart to begin if the cache
; is not being accessed.
;opcache.force_restart_timeout=180

; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr".
;opcache.error_log=

; All OPcache errors go to the Web server log.
; By default, only fatal errors (level 0) or errors (level 1) are logged.
; You can also enable warnings (level 2), info messages (level 3) or
; debug messages (level 4).
;opcache.log_verbosity_level=1

; Preferred Shared Memory back-end. Leave empty and let the system decide.
;opcache.preferred_memory_model=

; Protect the shared memory from unexpected writing during script execution.
; Useful for internal debugging only.
;opcache.protect_memory=0

; Validate cached file permissions.
; opcache.validate_permission=0

; Prevent name collisions in chroot'ed environment.
; opcache.validate_root=0

[curl]
; A default value for the CURLOPT_CAINFO option. This is required to be an
; absolute path.
;curl.cainfo =

[openssl]
; The location of a Certificate Authority (CA) file on the local filesystem
; to use when verifying the identity of SSL/TLS peers. Most users should
; not specify a value for this directive as PHP will attempt to use the
; OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified, this value may still
; be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "cafile" SSL stream context
; option.
;openssl.cafile=

; If openssl.cafile is not specified or if the CA file is not found, the
; directory pointed to by openssl.capath is searched for a suitable
; certificate. This value must be a correctly hashed certificate directory.
; Most users should not specify a value for this directive as PHP will
; attempt to use the OS-managed cert stores in its absence. If specified,
; this value may still be overridden on a per-stream basis via the "capath"
; SSL stream context option.
;openssl.capath=

; Local Variables:
; tab-width: 4
; End:

上传php压缩包

[root@docker php]# cd ..
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# cd wwwroot/
[root@docker wwwroot]# vim index.html 

www.Hannibal.com

[root@docker wwwroot]# vim index.php 

准备cenos:7镜像，有了就不用了

[root@docker ~]# docker pull centos:7
[root@docker ~]# cd compose_lnmp/
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# docker-compose up -d   //不用-f 因为在当前目录下，默认
[root@docker compose_lnmp]# docker-compose ps

10.7docker-compose缺点

1）docker-compose是面向单宿主机的，面向多服务器时要基于ansible、puppet、chef、saltstack等。
2）网络和存储也比较棘手，docker-compose不提供跨宿主机网络。所以还要提供OpenSwich的独立网络工具，还需要完成集成操作。
3）ps：所以需要一种能够完善面向服务器集群的docker编排和部署方案。使用kubernetes（k8s）实现Compose和Machine和Swarm联动。

第11章Docker网络基础

11.1端口映射

docker容器默认无法与外部通信，需要在启动命令中加入对应的参数开可以与外界通信。当docker运行一个web应用时，需要进行端口映射才可以。
选项：
docker port 容器名 //查看
-P：docker随即映射一个端至容器内部端口。 //在/proc/sys/net/ipv/ip_local_port_rang下指定随机范围
-p：
local port：container port 指定宿主机与容器端口
ip：local port：container port 指定IP而非0.0.0.0（不是所有本机分配ip）端口映射
IP：：container port 指定IP并随即宿主机端口

ps：-p 端口：端口/tcp（udp） 指定协议

11.2端口暴露

Docker file中 EXPOSE定义指定使用哪个端口（做声名）。–expose=2000~3000 可以指定端口范围。

11.3容器互联

[root@docker ~]# docker pull busybox

创建两个容器

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name=container1 busybox:latest 
[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name=container2 busybox:latest 

创建独立容器网络

[root@docker ~]# docker network create -d bridge  --subnet 172.25.0.0/16 demo_net
将container2由加入创建的独立容器网络
[root@docker ~]# docker network connect demo_net container2
[root@docker ~]# docker inspect container2  //发现多了一个ip

创建一个容器3，属于独立容器网络demo_net

[root@docker ~]# docker run --network=demo_net --ip=172.25.3.3 -itd --name container3 busybox:latest 
[root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ifconfig   //查看IP

[root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ping 172.17.0.3
[root@docker ~]# docker exec container1 ping 172.25.3.3

都可以ping通。容器2即属于容器1网络又属于容器3网络，所有容器1可以ping通容器2和3。、

link方式（即将弃用）

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name test busybox:latest 
[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name link-test --link test:test busybox:latest 
[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it link-test ping test

11.4docker网络模式

docker run中使用–net=host/container：NAME_or_ID/none/bridge 指定网络模式。
1）Host模式：与宿主机相同，除了网络其他的做资源隔离
2）Container模式：指定新创建的容器和一个已经存在的容器共用一个网络。
3）none模式：什么也不分配，没有网卡。
4）bridge模式：（默认，类似nat）启动docker会生成一个docker0网桥，容器与docker0是一个网络，然后docker0与宿主机通信，宿主机在与外界通信。此模式使用iptables规则，可以使用iptables -vnL -t nat 查看
5）Overlay模式：与vlan类似，划分vxlan网络，实现不同主机之间容器相互通信。（不常用，以后会用k8s）