Spring Boot发送验证码

1创建Spring Boot项目

2导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mailartifactId>
    <version>2.6.3version>
dependency>

3配置application.yml

spring:
  mail:
    host: # 邮箱服务器 例：smtp.qq.com
    username: ****@qq.com
    password: ****
    properties:
      mail:
        smtp:
          auth: true
          starttls:
            enable: true
            required: true

4MailService.java

package com.zhangz1.maildemo.service;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

/**
 * Created by zhang1 on 2022/2/13 17:02
 */
@Service
public class MailService {
    @Resource
    JavaMailSender mailSender;

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailService.class);

    public String send(String sender, String receiver, String title, String text) {
        try {
            //建立邮件消息
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            //发送方
            helper.setFrom(sender);
            //接收方
            helper.setTo(receiver);
            //发送的标题
            helper.setSubject(title);
            //发送的内容
            helper.setText(text);
            mailSender.send(message);
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        }
        return "发送成功";
    }
}

5MailController.java

package com.zhangz1.maildemo.controller;

import com.zhangz1.maildemo.service.MailService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * Created by zhangz1 on 2022/2/13 17:10
 */
@RestController
public class MailController {

    @Resource
    private MailService mailService;

    @RequestMapping("/sendMail")
    public String send() {
        String checkCode = String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt(899999) + 100000);
        String sender = "[email protected]"; //发送方邮箱
        String receiver = "[email protected]"; //接收方邮箱
        String title = "验证码";
        String text = "您的验证码为" + checkCode;
        return mailService.send(sender, receiver, title, text);
    }

}

6测试

Spring框架中Java邮件支持的接口和类组织如下：

1. MailSender接口：提供发送简单电子邮件的基本功能的顶级接口
2. JavaMailSender接口：上述MailSender的子接口。它支持 MIME 消息，并且主要与MimeMessageHelper类一起用于创建MimeMessage。建议将此接口使用MimeMessagePreparator机制。
3. JavaMailSenderImpl类：提供了JavaMailSender接口的实现。它支持MimeMessage和SimpleMailMessage。
4. SimpleMailMessage类：用于创建简单的邮件消息，包括 from、to、cc、subject 和 text 字段
5. MimeMessagePreparator接口：提供了一个回调接口，用于准备 MIME 消息。
6. MimeMessageHelper类：用于创建 MIME 消息的帮助类。它支持 HTML 布局中的图像、典型邮件附件和文本内容。