ListView 中getView的原理+如何在ListView中放置多个item(android.widget.ListView)

http://hi.baidu.com/spare_h/blog/item/a826d9d873f7053410df9b52.html

ListView 和 Adapter 的基础

工作原理:

ListView 针对List中每个item,要求 adapter “给我一个视图” (getView)。一个新的视图被返回并显示

如果我们有上亿个项目要显示怎么办?为每个项目创建一个新视图?NO!这不可能!

实际上Android为你缓存了视图。

Android中有个叫做Recycler的构件,下图是他的工作原理:

ListView 中getView的原理+如何在ListView中放置多个item(android.widget.ListView)_第1张图片

如果你有10亿个项目(item),其中只有可见的项目存在内存中,其他的在Recycler中。ListView先请求一个type1视图(getView)然后请求其他可见的项目。convertView在getView中是空 (null)的。当item1滚出屏幕,并且一个新的项目从屏幕低端上来时,ListView再请求一个type1视图。convertView此时不是空值了, 它的值是item1。你只需设定新的数据然后返回convertView,不必重新创建一个视图。

请看下面的示例代码,这里在getView中使用了System.out进行输出

01 publicclassMultipleItemsList extendsListActivity {
02
03     privateMyCustomAdapter mAdapter;
04
05     @Override
06     publicvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
07         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
08         mAdapter = newMyCustomAdapter();
09         for(inti = 0; i < 50; i++) {
10             mAdapter.addItem("item "+ i);
11         }
12         setListAdapter(mAdapter);
13     }
14
15     privateclassMyCustomAdapter extendsBaseAdapter {
16
17         privateArrayList mData = newArrayList();
18         privateLayoutInflater mInflater;
19
20         publicMyCustomAdapter() {
21             mInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
22         }
23
24         publicvoidaddItem(finalString item) {
25             mData.add(item);
26             notifyDataSetChanged();
27         }
28
29         @Override
30         publicintgetCount() {
31             returnmData.size();
32         }
33
34         @Override
35         publicString getItem(intposition) {
36             returnmData.get(position);
37         }
38
39         @Override
40         publiclonggetItemId(intposition) {
41             returnposition;
42         }
43
44         @Override
45         publicView getView(intposition, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
46             System.out.println("getView "+ position + " "+ convertView);
47             ViewHolder holder = null;
48             if(convertView == null) {
49                 convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item1, null);
50                 holder = newViewHolder();
51                 holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
52                 convertView.setTag(holder);
53             } else{
54                 holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
55             }
56             holder.textView.setText(mData.get(position));
57             returnconvertView;
58         }
59
60     }
61
62     publicstaticclassViewHolder {
63         publicTextView textView;
64     }
65 }

 

执行程序,然后在Logcat中查看日志

 

ListView 中getView的原理+如何在ListView中放置多个item(android.widget.ListView)_第2张图片

getView 被调用 9 次 ,convertView 对于所有的可见项目是空值(如下)

 

02-0513:47:32.559: INFO/System.out(947): getView 0null
02-0513:47:32.570: INFO/System.out(947): getView 1null
02-0513:47:32.589: INFO/System.out(947): getView 2null
02-0513:47:32.599: INFO/System.out(947): getView 3null
02-0513:47:32.619: INFO/System.out(947): getView 4null
02-0513:47:32.629: INFO/System.out(947): getView 5null
02-0513:47:32.708: INFO/System.out(947): getView 6null
02-0513:47:32.719: INFO/System.out(947): getView 7null
02-0513:47:32.729: INFO/System.out(947): getView 8null

 

然后稍微向下滚动List,直到item10出现:

ListView 中getView的原理+如何在ListView中放置多个item(android.widget.ListView)_第3张图片

 

convertView仍然是空值,因为recycler中没有视图(item1的边缘仍然可见,在顶端)

 

02-0513:48:25.169: INFO/System.out(947): getView 9null

 

再滚动List

ListView 中getView的原理+如何在ListView中放置多个item(android.widget.ListView)_第4张图片

 

convertView不是空值了!item1离开屏幕到Recycler中去了,然后item11被创建

 

02-0513:48:42.879: INFO/System.out(947): getView 10android.widget.LinearLayout@437430f8

 

再滚动:

02-0514:01:31.069: INFO/System.out(947): getView 11android.widget.LinearLayout@437447d0
02-0514:01:31.142: INFO/System.out(947): getView 12android.widget.LinearLayout@43744ff8
02-0514:01:31.279: INFO/System.out(947): getView 13android.widget.LinearLayout@43743fa8
02-0514:01:31.350: INFO/System.out(947): getView 14android.widget.LinearLayout@43745820
02-0514:01:31.429: INFO/System.out(947): getView 15android.widget.LinearLayout@43746048
02-0514:01:31.550: INFO/System.out(947): getView 16android.widget.LinearLayout@43746870
02-0514:01:31.669: INFO/System.out(947): getView 17android.widget.LinearLayout@43747098
02-0514:01:31.839: INFO/System.out(947): getView 18android.widget.LinearLayout@437478c0
02-0514:03:30.900: INFO/System.out(947): getView 19android.widget.LinearLayout@43748df0
02-0514:03:32.069: INFO/System.out(947): getView 20android.widget.LinearLayout@437430f8

convertView 如我们所期待的非空了,在item11离开屏幕之后,它的视图(@437430f8)作为convertView容纳item21了

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