C#winform windows服务程序创建与安装

 

如题，WinForm 和 Windows Service 通信，就是应用程序和系统服务通信，可以看成是进程间的通信。通信的方式有很多，这里只介绍通过消息队列（MessageQueue）方式。理论知识就不介绍了，直接介绍实例吧。

工程下载 /Files/newspring/WindowsService.rar 

一、建立工程

建立3个项目，其中，

Common 为类库，包含错误日志类(Log.cs)和数据库访问类(MsSql.cs)

ServiceDemo 为Windows Service服务，包含安装类(Installer1.cs)和服务类(Service1.cs)

ServiceDesk 为WinForm应用程序，包含一个主窗口类(frmMain.cs)

这3个项目要实现的功能是，进程间通信，具体怎么通信呢？这里我设计的是用ServiceDesk这个WinForm实时监控ServiceDemo这个系统服务。ServiceDesk和ServiceDemo之间的通信就通过消息队列（MessageQueue）方式。

对了，补充下理论，消息队列必须安装后才能用，安装步骤如下：

控制面板->添加或删除程序->添加或删除组件

选择应用程序服务器详细信息

勾上消息队列

安装完就可以通过控制面板->管理工具->计算机管理->服务和应用程序访问了

 

二、书写服务

Service1.cs

 

public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        Thread m_thread1;

        public Service1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            if (m_thread1 != null && m_thread1.ThreadState != System.Threading.ThreadState.Aborted)
            {
                m_thread1.Abort();
            }

            m_thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Work));
            m_thread1.IsBackground = true;
            m_thread1.Start();
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {

        }

        private void Work()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                //try
                //{
                //    string sql = "insert into T_Log(DateTime,Description)values('{0}','{1}')";
                //    sql = String.Format(sql, DateTime.Now.ToString(), "adsf");

                //    int Result = Common.MsSql.ExecuteNonQuery(sql, this.GetType());
                //}
                //catch (Exception e)
                //{
                //    Common.Log.Write(e);
                //}

                string msg = "消息内容测试";
                SendMessage(msg);

                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(500);
            }
        }

        void SendMessage(string msg)
        {
            try
            {
                string QueuePath = ".\\private$\\aaaa";
                MessageQueue MQueue;

                if (!MessageQueue.Exists(QueuePath))
                {
                    return;
                }

                MQueue = new MessageQueue(QueuePath);

                System.Messaging.Message Msg = new System.Messaging.Message();
                Msg.Body = msg;

                //XML格式化传输量较大
                //Msg.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) });
                Msg.Formatter = new System.Messaging.BinaryMessageFormatter();
                MQueue.Send(Msg);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Common.Log.Write(this.GetType(), ex);
            }
        }
    }

三、书写服务控制(WinForm)

frmMain.cs

简单界面

其中组件引用：

 

serviceController1的ServiceName属性设置为 ServiceDemo

代码：

public partial class frmMain : Form
    {
        int i = 1;
        Thread t1;
        Thread t2;

        string QueuePath = ".\\private$\\aaaa";

        public frmMain()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void frmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.notifyIcon1.Icon = new Icon("E:\\WorkSpace\\WindowsService\\ServiceDesk\\Resources\\Icon1.ico");

            frmMain.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;

            t1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(PrintServiceStatus));
            t1.Start();
        }

        private void notifyIcon1_MouseDoubleClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            this.Visible = true;
            this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
        }
           
        private void frmMain_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            //取消关闭窗口
            e.Cancel = true;
            //将窗口最小化
            this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized;
            //将窗口隐藏
            this.Visible = false;
        }

        private void toolStripMenuItem1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Visible = true;
            this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
        }

        private void ToolStripMenuItem2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            notifyIcon1.Visible = false;
           
            Application.Exit();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 继续
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void toolStripMenuItem_Continue_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行Cmd命令
        /// </summary>
        public void Cmd(string c)
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Process process = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
            process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
            process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
            process.Start();

            process.StandardInput.WriteLine(c);
            process.StandardInput.AutoFlush = true;
            process.StandardInput.WriteLine("exit");
           
            StreamReader reader = process.StandardOutput;//截取输出流
           
            string output = reader.ReadLine();//每次读取一行
           
            while (!reader.EndOfStream)
            {
                PrintThrendInfo(output);
                output = reader.ReadLine();
            }

            process.WaitForExit();
        }

        #region 进度显示
        private void PrintThrendInfo(string Info)
        {
            lock (listView1)
            {
                try
                {
                    ListViewItem Item = new ListViewItem(i.ToString());
                    Item.SubItems.Add(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
                    Item.SubItems.Add(Info);
                    listView1.Items.Add(Item);
                    //listView1.RedrawItems(i - 1, i - 1, false); //线程中不能用这句
                    i++;
                    if (i >= 1000)
                    {
                        listView1.Items.Clear();
                        i = 1;
                    }
                }
                catch (SystemException ex)
                {
                    Log.Write(this.GetType(),ex);
                }
            }
        }

        private void PrintThrendInfo(string Info, Color ForeColor)
        {
            //锁定资源
            lock (listView1)
            {
                try
                {
                    ListViewItem Item = new ListViewItem(i.ToString());
                    Item.SubItems.Add(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
                    Item.SubItems.Add(Info);
                    listView1.Items.Add(Item);
                    Item.ForeColor = ForeColor;
                    if (ForeColor == Color.Red || ForeColor == Color.Fuchsia)
                    {
                        Log.Write(this.GetType(), Info);
                    }
                    //listView1.RedrawItems(i - 1, i - 1, false); //线程中不能用这句
                    i++;
                    if (i >= 10000)
                    {
                        listView1.Items.Clear();
                        i = 1;
                    }
                }
                catch (SystemException ex)
                {
                    Log.Write(this.GetType(),ex);
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnInstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                t2.Abort();
            }
            catch { }

            t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Install));
            t2.Start();
        }

        void Install()
        {
            t1.Suspend();
            string c = @"c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\v2.0.50727\InstallUtil.exe " + AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "ServiceDemo.exe";
            Cmd(c);
            t1.Resume();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnUninstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                t2.Abort();
            }
            catch { }

            t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Uninstall));
            t2.Start();
        }

        void Uninstall()
        {
            t1.Suspend();
            string c = @"c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\v2.0.50727\InstallUtil.exe /u " + AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "ServiceDemo.exe";
            Cmd(c);
            t1.Resume();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 启动
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                t2.Abort();
            }
            catch { }

            t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Start));
            t2.Start();
        }

        void Start()
        {
            t1.Suspend();
            string c = @"net start ServiceDemo";
            Cmd(c);
            t1.Resume();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                t2.Abort();
            }
            catch { }

            t2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Stop));
            t2.Start();
        }

        void Stop()
        {
            t1.Suspend();
            string c = @"net stop ServiceDemo";
            Cmd(c);
            t1.Resume();
        }

        private void PrintServiceStatus()
        {
            if (MessageQueue.Exists(QueuePath))
            {
                MessageQueue.Delete(QueuePath);
            }

            while (true)
            {
                t1.Join(1000);

                this.serviceController1.Refresh();

                if (this.serviceController1.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
                {
                    PrintThrendInfo("服务运行状态：" + this.serviceController1.Status.ToString());

                    if (MessageQueue.Exists(QueuePath))
                    {
                        MessageQueue.Delete(QueuePath);
                    }

                    continue;
                }

                MessageQueue MQueue;

                if (MessageQueue.Exists(QueuePath))
                {
                    MQueue = new MessageQueue(QueuePath);
                }
                else
                {
                    MQueue = MessageQueue.Create(QueuePath);
                    MQueue.SetPermissions("Administrators", MessageQueueAccessRights.FullControl);
                    MQueue.Label = QueuePath;
                }

                //一次读一条,取一条自动去掉读取的这一条
                //System.Messaging.Message Msg = MQueue.Receive(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 2));

                //一次读取全部消息,但是不去除读过的消息
                System.Messaging.Message[] Msg = MQueue.GetAllMessages();
                //删除所有消息
                MQueue.Purge();

                foreach (System.Messaging.Message m in Msg)
                {
                    //XML格式化传输量较大
                    //Msg.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) });

                    m.Formatter = new System.Messaging.BinaryMessageFormatter();
                    PrintThrendInfo(m.Body.ToString());
                }
            }
        }
    }

三、制作安装

Installer1.cs

 

[RunInstaller(true)]
    public partial class Installer1 : Installer
    {
        public Installer1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public override void Install(IDictionary stateSaver)
        {
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey system;
                //HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Services\CurrentControlSet
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey currentControlSet;
                //...\Services
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey services;
                        //...\<Service Name>
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey service;
                        //...\Parameters - this is where you can put service-specific configuration
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey config;
            try
            {
                //Let the project installer do its job
                base.Install(stateSaver);

                //Open the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM key
                system = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey("System");
                //Open CurrentControlSet
                currentControlSet = system.OpenSubKey("CurrentControlSet");
                //Go to the services key
                services = currentControlSet.OpenSubKey("Services");
                //Open the key for your service, and allow writing
                service = services.OpenSubKey(this.serviceInstaller1.ServiceName, true);
                //Add your service's description as a REG_SZ value named "Description"
                service.SetValue("Description", "计划按时执行，如一分钟一次");
                //(Optional) Add some custom information your service will use...
                //允许服务与桌面交互
                service.SetValue("Type", 0x00000110);
                config = service.CreateSubKey("Parameters");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An exception was thrown during service installation:\n" + e.ToString());
            }
        }

        public override void Uninstall(IDictionary savedState)
        {
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey system;
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey currentControlSet;
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey services;
            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey service;

            try
            {
                //Drill down to the service key and open it with write permission
                system = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey("System");
                currentControlSet = system.OpenSubKey("CurrentControlSet");
                services = currentControlSet.OpenSubKey("Services");
                service = services.OpenSubKey(this.serviceInstaller1.ServiceName, true);
                //Delete any keys you created during installation (or that your service created)
                service.DeleteSubKeyTree("Parameters");
                //...
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Exception encountered while uninstalling service:\n" + e.ToString());
            }
            finally
            {
                //Let the project installer do its job
                base.Uninstall(savedState);
            }
        }
    }

四、运行效果

1、安装效果

2、运行

3、卸载