【andriod】设备APP开发之各种细节部署和操作

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前言

随着工业自动化的不断发展，设备APP也越来越重要，本文就设备APP开发软件配置细节做一个深入详解。

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、开发工具

使用软件Android Studio 4.1版本

1、软件介绍

Android Studio 是基于 IntelliJ IDEA 的官方 Android 应用开发集成开发环境 (IDE)。除了 IntelliJ 强大的代码编辑器和开发者工具，Android Studio 提供了更多可提高 Android 应用构建效率的功能，例如：

基于 Gradle 的灵活构建系统

快速且功能丰富的模拟器

可针对所有 Android 设备进行开发的统一环境

Instant Run，可将变更推送到正在运行的应用，无需构建新的 APK

可帮助您构建常用应用功能和导入示例代码的代码模板和 GitHub 集成

丰富的测试工具和框架

可捕捉性能、易用性、版本兼容性以及其他问题的 Lint 工具

C++ 和 NDK 支持

内置对 Google 云端平台的支持，可轻松集成 Google Cloud Messaging 和 App 引擎

2、Android JDK配置

3、Android Gradle配置

4、Android API配置

5、项目依赖配置

二、项目细节详情

1、andriodmanifest.xml配置详情

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.groundspace.lampmqtt">
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
        android:screenOrientation="sensor"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name="com.groundspace.lampmqtt.MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            intent-filter>
        activity>
        <receiver
            android:name=".BootBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            intent-filter>
        receiver>
        <activity android:name=".Jieshou"/>
        <service android:name="org.eclipse.paho.android.service.MqttService">
        service>
    application>



manifest>

2、ExampleInstrumentedTest配置详情

package com.groundspace.lampmqtt;

import android.content.Context;

import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

/**
 * Instrumented test, which will execute on an Android device.
 *
 * @see Testing documentation
 */
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class ExampleInstrumentedTest {
    @Test
    public void useAppContext() {
        // Context of the app under test.
        Context appContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();

        assertEquals("com.groundspace.lampmqtt", appContext.getPackageName());
    }
}

3、ExampleUnitTest配置详情

package com.groundspace.lampmqtt;

import org.junit.Test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

/**
 * Example local unit test, which will execute on the development machine (host).
 *
 * @see Testing documentation
 */
class ExampleUnitTest {
    @Test
    public void addition_isCorrect() {
        assertEquals(4, 2 + 2);
    }
}

4、Utils配置详情

package com.groundspace.lampmqtt;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class Utils {
    public static final String bytesToHexString(byte[] bArray) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(bArray.length);
        String sTemp;
        for (int i = 0; i < bArray.length; i++) {
            sTemp = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bArray[i]);
            if (sTemp.length() < 2) {
                sb.append(0);
            }
            sb.append(sTemp.toUpperCase());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public static String encryptHMAC(String signMethod, String content, String key) throws Exception {
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("utf-8"), signMethod);
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(secretKey.getAlgorithm());
        mac.init(secretKey);
        byte[] data = mac.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
        return bytesToHexString(data);
    }
}

5、activity_main.xml配置详情

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@mipmap/beijing"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <LinearLayout
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:paddingLeft="120dp"
        android:paddingTop="85dp">
    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:src="@drawable/yaoquan"
        android:gravity="left"
      />
    LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:paddingLeft="380dp"
        android:paddingTop="200dp">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/fh1"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:text="进入系统"
        android:textSize="35dp"/>
    LinearLayout>
    <ScrollView
        android:id="@+id/scrollView2"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">
        LinearLayout>
    ScrollView>

LinearLayout>

6、Gradle Scripts配置详情

build.gradle（Project）

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
        
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.0'
        
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
        maven {
        url "https://repo.eclipse.org/content/repositories/paho-snapshots/"
        }
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

build.gradle（Module）

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 31
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.groundspace.lampmqtt"
        minSdkVersion 14
        targetSdkVersion 31
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    buildToolsVersion '30.0.0'
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3:1.2.0'
    implementation group: 'commons-codec', name: 'commons-codec', version: '1.11'
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    //noinspection GradleCompatible
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:31.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
    implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.android.service:1.1.1'
    implementation files('..\\jxl-2.6.12.jar')
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
    implementation files('../.idea/libraries/gson-2.7.jar')
    implementation files('../.idea/libraries/json.jar')
}

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总结

以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了Android Studio 4.1写设备APP的配置，而Android Studio 4.1提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地开发客户端的具体部署和方法。