Smartphone移动开发—自己开发一个天气预报服务

作者：贺星河(hxhbluestar)

时间：2005-1-16

[文章导读]

本文介绍了在基于Smartphone操作系统的智能手机上开发一个天气预报服务的程序。


[简介]

我们都知道QQ有一个免费提供给Blog引用的天气预报服务网址http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search?city=上海（上海是我自己所在城市，如果想看自己的城市，在浏览器中改成城市名称即可），现在我使用QQ提供的这个服务，将其包装部署为一个Web服务，并编写程序使得我的多普达565智能手机能使用这个Web服务。

[正文]

PC开发环境：Windows XP SP2，Visual Studio 2003.NET,.NET Framework 1.1 SP1

操作系统：Windows Mobile(TM) 2003第二版，版本4.21.1088(Build 14235.2.0.0)

智能手机型号：多普达565

一、安装必备的环境

注意：必须安装.NET Mobile所需要的开发环境

必须安装的软件(如下软件都是微软提供免费下载和使用的)
1、Microsoft ActiveSync 3.7.1
(最新版本Microsoft ActiveSync 3.8出来了，可以到摘要的页面中去找链接下载，这个我还没有试过)
下载网址：http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/downloads/activesync37.mspx，里面有中文版本，或者，在手机附带的微软光盘里面有安装程序；
作用：同步手机和PC机数据的程序

2、Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi
下载网址：
http://download.microsoft.com/download/e/3/1/e310bb99-2f33-4d79-bb8a-41d9cb3c79b4/Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi
  3、MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe
下载地址：http://download.microsoft.com/download/b/2/5/b25742c0-daa3-4a8c-988d-a947a35e0a68/MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe

二、将QQ的服务部署成WebService

1、建立一个名为WeatherService的WebService，并将QQ的天气服务转为XML WebService服务，部署在一台具有固定IP的服务器上。

2、新建一个WeatherDataSet.XSD，存储我们的天气信息

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<xs:schema id="WeatherDataSet" targetNamespace="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" elementFormDefault="qualified"

     attributeFormDefault="qualified" xmlns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" xmlns:mstns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService"

     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">

     <xs:element name="WeatherDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true">

         <xs:complexType>

              <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">

                   <xs:element name="WeatherDS">

                       <xs:complexType>

                            <xs:sequence>

                                 <xs:element name="CityName" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Date1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Weather1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Temp1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="WindPower1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Date2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Weather2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="Temp2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                                 <xs:element name="WindPower2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

                            </xs:sequence>

                       </xs:complexType>

                   </xs:element>

              </xs:choice>

         </xs:complexType>

     </xs:element>

</xs:schema>

3 WeatherService的源代码如下

#region Using directives

using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Services;

using System.IO;

using System.Net;

using System.Text;

#endregion

namespace WeatherService

{

     /// <summary>

     /// Service1 的摘要说明。

     /// </summary>

     [WebService(Description="WeatherService 天气Service",Namespace="WeatherService")]

     public class Weather : System.Web.Services.WebService

     {

         #region Variable

         private string tommorow;

         #endregion

         #region 构造函数

         public Weather()

         {

              InitializeComponent();

 

              if(DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString().Length == 1)

              {

                   tommorow= "0"+DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +

                       DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";

              }

              else

              {

                   tommorow= DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +

                       DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";

              }

         }

         #endregion

 

         #region 组件设计器生成的代码

        

         //Web 服务设计器所必需的

         private IContainer components = null;

                  

         /// <summary>

         /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改

         /// 此方法的内容。

         /// </summary>

         private void InitializeComponent()

         {

         }

 

         /// <summary>

         /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。

         /// </summary>

         protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

         {

              if(disposing && components != null)

              {

                   components.Dispose();

              }

              base.Dispose(disposing);        

         }

        

         #endregion

 

         #region [OK] GetWeatherDataSet 天气预报

         [WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]

         public DataSet GetWeatherDataSet(string cityName)

         {

                   string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";

                   string weatherData="";

                   try

                   {

                       weatherData = GetPage(url,cityName).Replace(" ","").Trim();

                   }

                   catch(Exception)

                   {

                       throw new Exception("对不起，没有这个城市的天气信息！");

                   }

 

                   //System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( tommorow );

                   //System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( weatherData );

             

                   WeatherDataSet weatherDs = new WeatherDataSet();

             

                   weatherDs.WeatherDS.AddWeatherDSRow(GetWeatherRow(ref weatherDs,weatherData,cityName) );

                   return weatherDs;

             

         }

 

 

         private WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow GetWeatherRow(ref WeatherDataSet weatherDs,string weatherData,string cityName)

         {

              WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow weatherRow = weatherDs.WeatherDS.NewWeatherDSRow();

 

              weatherRow.CityName =  weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("●")+1,cityName.Length);

              weatherRow.Date1 =     DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString();

              weatherRow.Weather1 =  weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));

              weatherRow.Temp1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");

 

              weatherRow.WindPower1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length,weatherData.IndexOf(tommorow)-(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length));

              weatherRow.Date2 =     DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).ToLongDateString();

              weatherRow.Weather2 =  weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));

              weatherRow.Temp2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");

 

              weatherRow.WindPower2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length);

 

              return weatherRow;

         }

 

         #endregion

 

         #region GetPageString 获取QQ的天气服务

         //private string xx="";

         [WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]

         public string GetPageString(string cityName)

         {

              string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";

              return GetPage(url,cityName);

         }

 

         private static string GetPage(string url,string cityName)

         {

              HttpWebResponse res = null;

              string strResult = "";

 

              try

              {

                   string postData = "city=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(cityName,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));

                   HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

                   req.Method = "POST";

                   req.KeepAlive = true;

                   req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

                   StringBuilder UrlEncoded = new StringBuilder();

                   byte[] SomeBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);

                   req.ContentLength = SomeBytes.Length;

                   Stream newStream = req.GetRequestStream();

                   newStream.Write(SomeBytes, 0, SomeBytes.Length);

                   newStream.Close();

                   //获得流内容     

                   res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

                   System.IO.Stream s=res.GetResponseStream();

                   StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(s,System.Text.Encoding.Default);

                   strResult=reader.ReadToEnd();

 

              }

              catch(Exception e)

              {

                   strResult = e.ToString();

              }

              finally

              {

                   if ( res != null )

                   {

                       res.Close();

                   }

              }

             

              strResult=strResult.Remove(0,strResult.IndexOf("●"));

 

              if( cityName != "北京" )

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.IndexOf("北京"));

              }

              else

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"));

              }

             

              strResult=strResult.Trim();

 

              while(strResult.IndexOf(@"<") != -1)

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf(@"<"),strResult.IndexOf(@">")-strResult.IndexOf(@"<")+1);

              }

 

              while(strResult.IndexOf(@" ") != -1)

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Replace(" ","");

              }

 

              string x = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{10});

              string y = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{9});

 

              while(strResult.IndexOf(x) != -1)

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Replace(x,"");

              }

 

              while(strResult.IndexOf(y) != -1)

              {

                   strResult=strResult.Replace(y,"");

              }

 

              return strResult;

         }

 

 

          #endregion

     }

}

记得将在Web.Config文件加入以下节点，使得WebService能被外部访问
    <!--  WebService 获取的途径 -->

    <webServices>

        <protocols>

              <add name="HttpSoap"/>

              <add name="HttpPost"/>

              <add name="HttpGet"/>

              <add name="HttpPostLocalhost"/æ

              <add name="Documentation"/>

         </protocols>

</webServices>

三、新建智能设备应用程序项目

1、新建一个智能设备应用程序，在主面板上拖放如图2所示的几个控件，其中timer是用来检查是否数据已经下载完毕的。

 

 

图1－新建智能设备应用程序

 

图2－界面设计

2、将建好的WebService引用进来

 

图3－引用WebServiceusing

3、WeatherService智能手机上运行的程序源代码

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

 System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

namespace WeatherService

{

     /// <summary>

     /// Summary description for MainForm.

     /// </summary>

     public class MainForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form

     {

         private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox_City;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mainMenu1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Menu;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Exit;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Label label_City;

         private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem2;

         private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem3;

 

         public string[] cityList = new string[]

                                 {

                                     "北京",

                                     "上海",

                                     "天津",

                                     "石家庄",

                                     "哈尔滨",

                                     "沈阳",

                                     "长春",

                                     "太原",

                                     "济南",

                                     "郑州",

                                     "天津",

                                     "呼和浩特",

                                      "西安",

                                     "银川",

                                     "兰州",

                                     "西宁",

                                     "乌鲁木齐",

                                     "合肥",

                                     "南昌",

                                     "南京",

                                     "杭州",

                                     "武汉",

                                     "长沙",

                                     "广州",

                                     "深圳",

                                     "福州",

                                     "厦门",

                                     "南宁",

                                     "桂林",

                                     "海口",

                                     "重庆",

                                     "成都",

                                     "贵阳",

                                     "昆明",

                                     "拉萨",

                                     "香港",

                                     "澳门",

                                     "台北",

         };

 

         public MainForm()

         {

              InitializeComponent();

              foreach( string x in cityList)

              {

                   this.comboBox_City.Items.Add(x);

              }

 

              this.comboBox_City.SelectedIndex = 0;

         }

 

         /// <summary>

         /// Clean up any resources being used.

         /// </summary>

         protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

         {

              base.Dispose( disposing );

         }

         #region Windows Form Designer generated code

         /// <summary>

         /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify

         /// the contents of this method with the code editor.

         /// </summary>

         private void InitializeComponent()

         {

              this.mainMenu1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu();

              this.menuItem1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

              this.menuItem_Menu = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

              this.menuItem_Exit = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

              this.menuItem3 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

              this.menuItem2 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

              this.comboBox_City = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();

              this.label_City = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Weather1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Date1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Temp1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_WindPower1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Temp2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_WindPower2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Date2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.txt_Weather2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

              this.timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();

              //

              // mainMenu1

              //

              this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem1);

              this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Menu);

              //

              // menuItem1

              //

              this.menuItem1.Text = "确定";

              this.menuItem1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem1_Click);

              //

              // menuItem_Menu

              //

              this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Exit);

              this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem3);

              this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem2);

              this.menuItem_Menu.Text = "菜单";

              //

              // menuItem_Exit

              //

              this.menuItem_Exit.Text = "退出";

              this.menuItem_Exit.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem_Exit_Click);

              //

              // menuItem3

              //

              this.menuItem3.Text = "-";

              //

              // menuItem2

              //

              this.menuItem2.Text = "关于";

              this.menuItem2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem2_Click);

              //

              // comboBox_City

              //

              this.comboBox_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.comboBox_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(52, 8);

              this.comboBox_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(114, 22);

              //

              // label_City

              //

              this.label_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);

              this.label_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 12);

              this.label_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(52, 16);

              this.label_City.Text = "城市：";

              this.label_City.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter;

              //

              // txt_Weather1

              //

              this.txt_Weather1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Weather1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 50);

              this.txt_Weather1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Weather1.Text = "天气:";

              //

              // txt_Date1

              //

              this.txt_Date1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Date1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 34);

              this.txt_Date1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Date1.Text = "日期:";

              //

              // txt_Temp1

              //

              this.txt_Temp1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Temp1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 68);

              this.txt_Temp1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Temp1.Text = "气温:";

              //

              // txt_WindPower1

              //

              this.txt_WindPower1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_WindPower1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 84);

              this.txt_WindPower1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_WindPower1.Text = "风力:";

              //

              // txt_Temp2

              //

              this.txt_Temp2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Temp2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 140);

              this.txt_Temp2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Temp2.Text = "气温:";

              //

              // txt_WindPower2

              //

              this.txt_WindPower2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_WindPower2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 156);

              this.txt_WindPower2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_WindPower2.Text = "风力:";

              //

              // txt_Date2

              //

              this.txt_Date2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Date2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 108);

              this.txt_Date2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Date2.Text = "日期:";

              //

              // txt_Weather2

              //

              this.txt_Weather2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

              this.txt_Weather2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 124);

              this.txt_Weather2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

              this.txt_Weather2.Text = "天气:";

              //

              // timer1

              //

              this.timer1.Interval = 200;

              this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);

              //

              // MainForm

              //

              this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox_City);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date1);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather1);

              this.Controls.Add(this.label_City);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp1);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower1);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp2);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower2);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date2);

              this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather2);

              this.Menu = this.mainMenu1;

              this.Text = "天气预报";

 

         }

         #endregion

 

         /// <summary>

         /// The main entry point for the application.

         /// </summary>

 

         static void Main()

         {

              Application.Run(new MainForm());

         }

 

         private void menuItem_Exit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              this.Dispose();

         }

 

         private void menuItem1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              SearchWeather(this.comboBox_City.Text);

         }

 

         private string[] myString = new string[]

         {

              "日期:   ",

              "温度:   ",

              "天气:   ",

              "风力:   ",

         };

 

         public void SearchWeather(string cityName)

         {

              if( this.txt_Date1.Text != myString[0] )

              {

                   ReSelect();

              }

 

              this.Text = "正在下载...";

              this.timer1.Enabled = true;

             

              WeatherService.Weather weather = new WeatherService.Weather();

              DataSet myDs = weather.GetWeatherDataSet(cityName);

 

              this.txt_Date1.Text              = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date1"].ToString();

              this.txt_Temp1.Text              = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp1"].ToString();

              this.txt_Weather1.Text      = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather1"].ToString();

              this.txt_WindPower1.Text    = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower1"].ToString();

 

              this.txt_Date2.Text              = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date2"].ToString();

              this.txt_Temp2.Text              = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp2"].ToString();

              this.txt_Weather2.Text      = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather2"].ToString();

              this.txt_WindPower2.Text    = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower2"].ToString();

         }

 

         private void ReSelect()

         {

              this.txt_Date1.Text              = myString[0];

              this.txt_Temp1.Text              = myString[1];

              this.txt_Weather1.Text      = myString[2];

              this.txt_WindPower1.Text    = myString[3];

 

              this.txt_Date2.Text              = myString[0];

              this.txt_Temp2.Text              = myString[1];

              this.txt_Weather2.Text      = myString[2];

              this.txt_WindPower2.Text    = myString[3];

         }

 

         private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              if( this.txt_Date1.Text.IndexOf("月") != -1)

              {

                   this.timer1.Enabled = false;

                   this.Text = "天气预报";

              }

         }

 

         private void menuItem2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              this.Text = "作者:贺星河";

              System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);

              this.Text = "天气预报";

         }

     }

}

四、将开发好的程序部署到多普达565智能手机上并运行

1、在VS.NET2003的“解决方案WeatherService”上点击右键，选择”部署解决方案”，出现一下对话框

 

 

图4－部署解决方案

 

选择“部署”，“部署”完成后，手机上将显示如下界面

 

图5、手机界面之一－部署

因为我的PC机器上安装了.NET Framework1.1SP1，所以会提示这个界面，选择“确定”，继续执行安装部署：

 

图6、手机界面之二－选择安装位置

选择安装位置为”Sotrage Card”,选择“完成”,这个时候程序就部署完毕了，

使用Resco Explore 2003，找到安装部署后程序所在的目录，在 \Sorage\Program Files\WeatherService\ 目录下面，执行程序WeatherService.exe，将出现如下画面：

 

图7、手机界面之三－开始执行程序

选择“是”，之所以出现这个画面，是因为程序没有经过系统的认证，也是微软安全方面的一个体现，即时这个程序会正常执行，也不会冒然打出电话！

程序执行之后，会出现如下画面，选择需要查询的城市名称，点“确定”

 

图8、手机界面之四－程序界面

之后程序标题会变为“正在下载…”，程序通过GPRS上网读取部署在Internet上的WebService

 

图9、手机界面之五－运行界面

稍等几秒钟之后，便会看到所需要的天气信息数据

 

图10、手机界面之六－运行结果