Windows PyQt5安装说明

1.安装Python

PyQt5通过Python安装最方便,在官网下载旧一点的版本,否则安装PyQt5时可能出现错误,这边下载的是3.9.12,下载完后安装时用自定义安装,选项勾选为所有用户安装以及加到环境变量(我这边只安装一个python版本),然后一直下一步就行了,傻瓜式的,不用多说。

PyCharm是python的IDE,不装也能跑PyQt5,这边暂不做安装说明。

2.安装PyQt5

管理员权限打开windows命令行,按照以下顺序安装,使用国内的源下载,不然非常慢:

pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com Sip
pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com pyqt5
pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com pyqt5-tools

3.可能出现的问题

(1)如果出现WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip的警告,则去提示的目录site-packages下,删除~ip开头的目录,然后pip重新安装库即可。

(2)如果出现You are using pip version x.x.x, however version x.x.x is available.的版本过低问题,建议是忽略不管,追求新版本不一定能带来好处。

(3)如果安装PyQt5-tools出现以下错误,则尝试使用更低版本的Python可以解决。

Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [29 lines of output]
  ...
    note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

【designer.exe】在Python安装目录下:
*\Python39\Lib\site-packages\qt5_applications\Qt\bin\designer.exe

4.测试PyQt5是否安装成功

新建python文件,如HelloPyQt5.py,填入以下代码:

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtCore

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
widget.resize(360,360)
widget.setWindowTitle("hello, pyqt5")
widget.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

然后直接双击该文件,或者在windows命令行模式下输入运行指令:

python HelloPyQt5.py

出现以下窗口说明安装成功:
Windows PyQt5安装说明_第1张图片

5.打包成windows应用程序

(1)先安装pyinstaller

pip install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com pyinstaller

(2)再执行打包

pyinstaller -F 文件名.py

打包后的windows可执行程序将会出现在当前运行程序的 dist 文件夹下。

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