STM32G070RBT6基于Arduino串口的使用

STM32G070RBT6基于Arduino串口的使用

---

STM32G070RBT6串口资源介绍

✨STM32G070RBT6总共有4个USART资源。

Serial1 for USART1
Serial2 for USART2
Serial3 for USART3
Serial4 for UART4

默认情况下，只有一个Serialx实例映射到通用Serial名。对于STM32G070RBT6而言，映射的管脚为：PA1和PA0。

• 在C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\STMicroelectronics\hardware\stm32\2.3.0\variants\STM32G0xx\G070RBT\variant_generic.h中可以找到相关定义：

// Default pin used for generic 'Serial' instance
// Mandatory for Firmata
#ifndef PIN_SERIAL_RX
  #define PIN_SERIAL_RX         PA1      
#endif
#ifndef PIN_SERIAL_TX
  #define PIN_SERIAL_TX         PA0       
#endif

✅默认串口使用示例1

#define led1  PC2
#define led2  PC3

#define button1  PC0
#define button2  PC1

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);//默认串口1的输出管脚：PA0 PA1。
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
     pinMode(button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
   pinMode(button2, INPUT_PULLUP);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
 digitalToggleFast(PC_2);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  digitalToggle(led2);
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial.println("Perseverance51");
  digitalWriteFast(PC_2, !digitalReadFast(PC_2)) ;   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(led2, !digitalRead(led2)) ;
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial.println("Arduino STM32G070RBT6");
}

串口1指定到管脚使用示例2

//                      RX    TX
HardwareSerial Serial1(PA10, PA9);//将串口1的管脚指定到PA10，PA9引脚上

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
     pinMode(button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
   pinMode(button2, INPUT_PULLUP);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
 digitalToggleFast(PC_2);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  digitalToggle(led2);
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Perseverance51");
  digitalWriteFast(PC_2, !digitalReadFast(PC_2)) ;   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(led2, !digitalRead(led2)) ;
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Arduino STM32G070RBT6");
}

将串口1复用到PC4和PC5引脚上

示例4

#define led1  PC2
#define led2  PC3

#define button1  PC0
#define button2  PC1

//                     RX    TX
HardwareSerial Serial1(PC5, PC4);

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
//  HardwareSerial(PA10, PA9);
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
     pinMode(button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
   pinMode(button2, INPUT_PULLUP);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
 digitalToggleFast(PC_2);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  digitalToggle(led2);
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Perseverance51");
  digitalWriteFast(PC_2, !digitalReadFast(PC_2)) ;   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(led2, !digitalRead(led2)) ;
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Arduino STM32G070RBT6");
}

将串口1复用到PB7和PB6引脚上

示例5

#define led1  PC2
#define led2  PC3

#define button1  PC0
#define button2  PC1

//                     RX    TX
HardwareSerial Serial1(PB7, PB6);

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {

  Serial1.begin(115200);
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
     pinMode(button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
   pinMode(button2, INPUT_PULLUP);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
 digitalToggleFast(PC_2);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  digitalToggle(led2);
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Perseverance51");
  digitalWriteFast(PC_2, !digitalReadFast(PC_2)) ;   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(led2, !digitalRead(led2)) ;
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial1.println("Arduino STM32G070RBT6");
}

除了上面定义方式外还有另一种指定串口的方法

void setRx(uint32_t rx)
void setTx(uint32_t tx)
void setRx(PinName rx)
void setTx(PinName tx)

注意点：重载函数名相同，形参注意区分。

• variant_generic.h头文件声明了数字引脚

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *        STM32 pins number
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define PA0                     PIN_A0
#define PA1                     PIN_A1
#define PA2                     PIN_A2
#define PA3                     PIN_A3
#define PA4                     PIN_A4
#define PA5                     PIN_A5
#define PA6                     PIN_A6
#define PA7                     PIN_A7
#define PA8                     8
#define PA9                     9
#define PA10                    10
#define PA11                    11
#define PA12                    12
#define PA13                    13
#define PA14                    14
#define PA15                    15
#define PB0                     PIN_A8
#define PB1                     PIN_A9
#define PB2                     PIN_A10
#define PB3                     19
#define PB4                     20
#define PB5                     21
#define PB6                     22
#define PB7                     23
#define PB8                     24
#define PB9                     25
#define PB10                    PIN_A11
#define PB11                    PIN_A12
#define PB12                    PIN_A13
#define PB13                    29
#define PB14                    30
#define PB15                    31
#define PC0                     32
#define PC1                     33
#define PC2                     34
#define PC3                     35
#define PC4                     PIN_A14
#define PC5                     PIN_A15
#define PC6                     38
#define PC7                     39
#define PC8                     40
#define PC9                     41
#define PC10                    42
#define PC11                    43
#define PC12                    44
#define PC13                    45
#define PC14                    46
#define PC15                    47
#define PD0                     48
#define PD1                     49
#define PD2                     50
#define PD3                     51
#define PD4                     52
#define PD5                     53
#define PD6                     54
#define PD8                     55
#define PD9                     56
#define PF0                     57
#define PF1                     58
#define PA9_R                   59
#define PA10_R                  60

// Alternate pins number
#define PA6_ALT1                (PA6  | ALT1)
#define PA7_ALT1                (PA7  | ALT1)
#define PA7_ALT2                (PA7  | ALT2)
#define PA7_ALT3                (PA7  | ALT3)
#define PA15_ALT1               (PA15 | ALT1)
#define PB0_ALT1                (PB0  | ALT1)
#define PB1_ALT1                (PB1  | ALT1)
#define PB1_ALT2                (PB1  | ALT2)
#define PB6_ALT1                (PB6  | ALT1)
#define PB13_ALT1               (PB13 | ALT1)
#define PB14_ALT1               (PB14 | ALT1)
#define PB15_ALT1               (PB15 | ALT1)
#define PB15_ALT2               (PB15 | ALT2)
#define PC4_ALT1                (PC4  | ALT1)
#define PC5_ALT1                (PC5  | ALT1)
#define PC8_ALT1                (PC8  | ALT1)
#define PC9_ALT1                (PC9  | ALT1)
#define PC10_ALT1               (PC10 | ALT1)
#define PC11_ALT1               (PC11 | ALT1)

#define NUM_DIGITAL_PINS        61
#define NUM_REMAP_PINS          2

• ⚡PinNames.h头文件定义了形参PinName枚举类型

typedef enum {
  // Not connected
  NC = 0xFFFFFFFF,

  // Pin name definition
  PA_0  = (PortA << 4) + 0x00,
  PA_1  = (PortA << 4) + 0x01,
  PA_2  = (PortA << 4) + 0x02,
  PA_3  = (PortA << 4) + 0x03,
  PA_4  = (PortA << 4) + 0x04,
  PA_5  = (PortA << 4) + 0x05,
  PA_6  = (PortA << 4) + 0x06,
  PA_7  = (PortA << 4) + 0x07,
  PA_8  = (PortA << 4) + 0x08,
  PA_9  = (PortA << 4) + 0x09,
  PA_10 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0A,
  PA_11 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0B,
  PA_12 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0C,
  PA_13 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0D,
  PA_14 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0E,
  PA_15 = (PortA << 4) + 0x0F,

  PB_0  = (PortB << 4) + 0x00,
  PB_1  = (PortB << 4) + 0x01,
  PB_2  = (PortB << 4) + 0x02,
  PB_3  = (PortB << 4) + 0x03,
  PB_4  = (PortB << 4) + 0x04,
  PB_5  = (PortB << 4) + 0x05,
  PB_6  = (PortB << 4) + 0x06,
  PB_7  = (PortB << 4) + 0x07,
  PB_8  = (PortB << 4) + 0x08,
  PB_9  = (PortB << 4) + 0x09,
  PB_10 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0A,
  PB_11 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0B,
  PB_12 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0C,
  PB_13 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0D,
  PB_14 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0E,
  PB_15 = (PortB << 4) + 0x0F,
#if defined GPIOC_BASE
  PC_0  = (PortC << 4) + 0x00,
  PC_1  = (PortC << 4) + 0x01,
  PC_2  = (PortC << 4) + 0x02,
  PC_3  = (PortC << 4) + 0x03,
  PC_4  = (PortC << 4) + 0x04,
  PC_5  = (PortC << 4) + 0x05,
  PC_6  = (PortC << 4) + 0x06,
  PC_7  = (PortC << 4) + 0x07,
  PC_8  = (PortC << 4) + 0x08,
  PC_9  = (PortC << 4) + 0x09,
  PC_10 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0A,
  PC_11 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0B,
  PC_12 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0C,
  PC_13 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0D,
  PC_14 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0E,
  PC_15 = (PortC << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOD_BASE
  PD_0  = (PortD << 4) + 0x00,
  PD_1  = (PortD << 4) + 0x01,
  PD_2  = (PortD << 4) + 0x02,
  PD_3  = (PortD << 4) + 0x03,
  PD_4  = (PortD << 4) + 0x04,
  PD_5  = (PortD << 4) + 0x05,
  PD_6  = (PortD << 4) + 0x06,
  PD_7  = (PortD << 4) + 0x07,
  PD_8  = (PortD << 4) + 0x08,
  PD_9  = (PortD << 4) + 0x09,
  PD_10 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0A,
  PD_11 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0B,
  PD_12 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0C,
  PD_13 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0D,
  PD_14 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0E,
  PD_15 = (PortD << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOE_BASE
  PE_0  = (PortE << 4) + 0x00,
  PE_1  = (PortE << 4) + 0x01,
  PE_2  = (PortE << 4) + 0x02,
  PE_3  = (PortE << 4) + 0x03,
  PE_4  = (PortE << 4) + 0x04,
  PE_5  = (PortE << 4) + 0x05,
  PE_6  = (PortE << 4) + 0x06,
  PE_7  = (PortE << 4) + 0x07,
  PE_8  = (PortE << 4) + 0x08,
  PE_9  = (PortE << 4) + 0x09,
  PE_10 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0A,
  PE_11 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0B,
  PE_12 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0C,
  PE_13 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0D,
  PE_14 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0E,
  PE_15 = (PortE << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOF_BASE
  PF_0  = (PortF << 4) + 0x00,
  PF_1  = (PortF << 4) + 0x01,
  PF_2  = (PortF << 4) + 0x02,
  PF_3  = (PortF << 4) + 0x03,
  PF_4  = (PortF << 4) + 0x04,
  PF_5  = (PortF << 4) + 0x05,
  PF_6  = (PortF << 4) + 0x06,
  PF_7  = (PortF << 4) + 0x07,
  PF_8  = (PortF << 4) + 0x08,
  PF_9  = (PortF << 4) + 0x09,
  PF_10 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0A,
  PF_11 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0B,
  PF_12 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0C,
  PF_13 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0D,
  PF_14 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0E,
  PF_15 = (PortF << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOG_BASE
  PG_0  = (PortG << 4) + 0x00,
  PG_1  = (PortG << 4) + 0x01,
  PG_2  = (PortG << 4) + 0x02,
  PG_3  = (PortG << 4) + 0x03,
  PG_4  = (PortG << 4) + 0x04,
  PG_5  = (PortG << 4) + 0x05,
  PG_6  = (PortG << 4) + 0x06,
  PG_7  = (PortG << 4) + 0x07,
  PG_8  = (PortG << 4) + 0x08,
  PG_9  = (PortG << 4) + 0x09,
  PG_10 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0A,
  PG_11 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0B,
  PG_12 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0C,
  PG_13 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0D,
  PG_14 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0E,
  PG_15 = (PortG << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOH_BASE
  PH_0  = (PortH << 4) + 0x00,
  PH_1  = (PortH << 4) + 0x01,
  PH_2  = (PortH << 4) + 0x02,
  PH_3  = (PortH << 4) + 0x03,
  PH_4  = (PortH << 4) + 0x04,
  PH_5  = (PortH << 4) + 0x05,
  PH_6  = (PortH << 4) + 0x06,
  PH_7  = (PortH << 4) + 0x07,
  PH_8  = (PortH << 4) + 0x08,
  PH_9  = (PortH << 4) + 0x09,
  PH_10 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0A,
  PH_11 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0B,
  PH_12 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0C,
  PH_13 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0D,
  PH_14 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0E,
  PH_15 = (PortH << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOI_BASE
  PI_0  = (PortI << 4) + 0x00,
  PI_1  = (PortI << 4) + 0x01,
  PI_2  = (PortI << 4) + 0x02,
  PI_3  = (PortI << 4) + 0x03,
  PI_4  = (PortI << 4) + 0x04,
  PI_5  = (PortI << 4) + 0x05,
  PI_6  = (PortI << 4) + 0x06,
  PI_7  = (PortI << 4) + 0x07,
  PI_8  = (PortI << 4) + 0x08,
  PI_9  = (PortI << 4) + 0x09,
  PI_10 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0A,
  PI_11 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0B,
  PI_12 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0C,
  PI_13 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0D,
  PI_14 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0E,
  PI_15 = (PortI << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOJ_BASE
  PJ_0  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x00,
  PJ_1  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x01,
  PJ_2  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x02,
  PJ_3  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x03,
  PJ_4  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x04,
  PJ_5  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x05,
  PJ_6  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x06,
  PJ_7  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x07,
  PJ_8  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x08,
  PJ_9  = (PortJ << 4) + 0x09,
  PJ_10 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0A,
  PJ_11 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0B,
  PJ_12 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0C,
  PJ_13 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0D,
  PJ_14 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0E,
  PJ_15 = (PortJ << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOK_BASE
  PK_0  = (PortK << 4) + 0x00,
  PK_1  = (PortK << 4) + 0x01,
  PK_2  = (PortK << 4) + 0x02,
  PK_3  = (PortK << 4) + 0x03,
  PK_4  = (PortK << 4) + 0x04,
  PK_5  = (PortK << 4) + 0x05,
  PK_6  = (PortK << 4) + 0x06,
  PK_7  = (PortK << 4) + 0x07,
  PK_8  = (PortK << 4) + 0x08,
  PK_9  = (PortK << 4) + 0x09,
  PK_10 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0A,
  PK_11 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0B,
  PK_12 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0C,
  PK_13 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0D,
  PK_14 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0E,
  PK_15 = (PortK << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif
#if defined GPIOZ_BASE
  PZ_0  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x00,
  PZ_1  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x01,
  PZ_2  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x02,
  PZ_3  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x03,
  PZ_4  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x04,
  PZ_5  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x05,
  PZ_6  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x06,
  PZ_7  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x07,
  PZ_8  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x08,
  PZ_9  = (PortZ << 4) + 0x09,
  PZ_10 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0A,
  PZ_11 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0B,
  PZ_12 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0C,
  PZ_13 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0D,
  PZ_14 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0E,
  PZ_15 = (PortZ << 4) + 0x0F,
#endif

✅示例6

#define led1  PC2
#define led2  PC3

#define button1  PC0
#define button2  PC1



// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
    Serial.setRx(PA10); // using pin name PY_n
    Serial.setTx(PA9); // using pin number PYn
  Serial.begin(115200);
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
   digitalWrite(led1, LOW);
   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);
     pinMode(button1, INPUT_PULLUP);
   pinMode(button2, INPUT_PULLUP);

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
 digitalToggleFast(PC_2);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  digitalToggle(led2);
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial.println("Perseverance51");
  digitalWriteFast(PC_2, !digitalReadFast(PC_2)) ;   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(led2, !digitalRead(led2)) ;
  delay(1000);                       // wait for a second
  Serial.println("Arduino STM32G070RBT6");
}

半双工模式

• HardwareSerial(uint32_t _rxtx)：U(S)ART用于半双工的Tx引脚编号(PYn)
• HardwareSerial(PinName _rxtx)：U(S)ART用于半双工的Tx引脚编号(PYn)
• 如果Rx == Tx则采用半双工模式:：

HardwareSerial(uint32_t _rx, uint32_t _tx): U(S)ART用于半双工的Tx引脚编号(PYn)
HardwareSerial(PinName _rx, PinName tx): U(S)ART用于半双工的tx引脚名称(PY_n)

HardwareSerial(void *peripheral, HalfDuplexMode_t halfDuplex = HALF_DUPLEX_DISABLED):如果HALF_DUPLEX_ENABLED，在用于半双工的PeripheralPins.c中获取所请求外设的第一个Tx引脚.

• 添加enableHalfDuplexRx()使能Rx模式下的Serial。可以使用read()操作，但将避免执行读操作。在使用available()之前使用.
• void setHalfDuplex():当实例未以半双工模式实例化时，启用实例的半双工模式。在这种情况下，必须在begin()之前调用。

示例7

Serial4发送字节给Serial3，比较值，然后Serial3重新发送给Serial4并比较。需要连接PA0和PB10。

HardwareSerial Serial3(PA0);
HardwareSerial Serial4(PB10);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(PA_0);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(PB_10);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(UART4, HALF_DUPLEX_ENABLED);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(USART3, HALF_DUPLEX_ENABLED);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(PA0, PA0);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(PB10, PB10);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(PA_0, PA_0);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(PB_10, PB_10);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(NC, PA_0);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(NC, PB_10);

//HardwareSerial Serial3(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS, PA0);
//HardwareSerial Serial4(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS, PB10);

static uint32_t nbTestOK = 0;
static uint32_t nbTestKO = 0;
void test_uart(int val)
{
  int recval = -1;
  uint32_t error = 0;

  Serial4.write(val);
  delay(10);
  while (Serial3.available()) {
    recval = Serial3.read();
  }
  /* Enable Serial4 to RX*/
  Serial4.enableHalfDuplexRx();
  if (val == recval) {
    Serial3.write(val);
    delay(10);

    while (Serial4.available()) {
      recval = Serial4.read();
    }
    /* Enable Serial3 to RX*/
    Serial3.enableHalfDuplexRx();
    if (val == recval) {
      nbTestOK++;
      Serial.print("Exchange: 0x");
      Serial.println(recval, HEX);
    } else {
      error = 2;
    }
  }
  else {
    error = 1;
  }
  if (error) {
    Serial.print("Send: 0x");
    Serial.print(val, HEX);
    Serial.print("\tReceived: 0x");
    Serial.print(recval, HEX);
    Serial.print(" --> KO <--");
    Serial.println(error);
    nbTestKO++;
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial4.begin(9600);
  Serial3.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i <= (0xFF); i++) {
    test_uart(i);
  }

  Serial.println("Serial Half-Duplex test done.\nResults:");
  Serial.print("OK: ");
  Serial.println(nbTestOK);
  Serial.print("KO: ");
  Serial.println(nbTestKO);
  while (1);
}

• 相关内容参考：https://github.com/stm32duino/wiki/wiki/API