什么是PDF文件（以及如何打开一个PDF文件）？

A file with the .pdf file extension is a Portable Document Format (PDF) file. PDFs are typically used to distribute read-only documents that preserve the layout of a page. They’re commonly used for documents like user manuals, eBooks, application forms, and scanned documents, to name just a few.

扩展名为 .pdf的文件是可移植文档格式(PDF)文件。 PDF通常用于分发保留页面布局的只读文档。 它们通常用于用户手册，电子书，申请表和扫描文档等文档，仅举几例。

什么是PDF文件？ (What is a PDF File?)

PDF was created by Adobe in the 1990s to achieve two things. The first is that people should be able to open the documents on any hardware or operating system, without needing to have the app used to create them—all you need is a PDF reader, and these days most web browsers fit the bill. The second is that wherever you open a PDF, the layout of the document should look the same.

PDF由Adobe在1990年代创建，旨在实现两点。 首先，人们应该能够在任何硬件或操作系统上打开文档，而无需使用用于创建文档的应用程序-您所需要的只是PDF阅读器，如今，大多数Web浏览器都可以满足要求。 第二个问题是，无论您在哪里打开PDF，文档的布局都应该相同。

PDFs can contain text, images, embedded fonts, hyperlinks, video, interactive buttons, forms, and more.

PDF可以包含文本，图像，嵌入的字体，超链接，视频，交互式按钮，表单等。

如何查看PDF文件 (How to View a PDF File)

Because PDFs are a standardized format, there are a considerable number of apps out there that can open PDFs. Web browsers, Adobe’s official Acrobat Reader, third-party apps, and even word processing apps.

由于PDF是一种标准格式，因此有很多可以打开PDF的应用程序。 网络浏览器，Adobe的官方Acrobat Reader，第三方应用程序，甚至文字处理应用程序。

查看PDF的最简单方法：使用Web浏览器 (Easiest Way to View a PDF: Use Your Web Browser)

Chances are if you’re reading this article, the web browser you’re using is capable of viewing a PDF, and doing so is mostly the same on macOS and Windows.

如果您正在阅读本文，则可能是因为您使用的网络浏览器能够查看PDF，而在macOS和Windows上，这样做的方式几乎相同。

If you don’t have another app that can read PDFs, the chances are that your browser is already the default app and you can just double-click the file to open it.

如果您没有其他可以读取PDF的应用程序，则可能是您的浏览器已经是默认应用程序，您只需双击该文件即可将其打开。

If not, right-click the file, point to the “Open With” menu, and then click your favorite browser.

如果不是，请右键单击该文件，指向“打开方式”菜单，然后单击您喜欢的浏览器。

The results are similar to any other program out there.

结果类似于那里的任何其他程序。

要获得更多控制和更好的功能支持：使用台式机阅读器 (For More Control and Better Feature Support: Use a Desktop Reader)

Adobe’s Acrobat Reader is the official tool for reading PDFs. It’s free, and it’s available for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.

Adobe的Acrobat Reader是读取PDF的官方工具。 它是免费的，并且适用于Windows，macOS，iOS和Android。

After installing Acrobat Reader, all you have to do is double-click on any PDF you want to open.

安装Acrobat Reader之后，只需双击要打开的任何PDF。

And as you can see, it has a whole lot more features for controlling your view, as well as the ability to export PDFs to an editable format, such as a Microsoft Office document.

如您所见，它具有控制视图的更多功能，以及将PDF导出为可编辑格式(例如Microsoft Office文档)的功能。

Of course, there are also third-party apps for viewing PDF files, some of which are faster and less bloated than Adobe Reader.

当然，也有用于查看PDF文件的第三方应用程序 ，其中某些应用程序比Adobe Reader更快，更轻松。

如何编辑PDF (How to Edit a PDF)

If you need to edit a PDF but have it stay in PDF format, your options are limited. The gold standard here is Adobe’s own Acrobat DC. Unfortunately, it’s kind of pricey. The standard version is $12.99 per month and requires an annual commitment. It’s also only available for Windows. The pro version is $14.99 per month and also requires an annual commitment. That one is available for both Windows and macOS.

如果您需要编辑PDF但保留PDF格式，则您的选择受到限制。 这里的黄金标准是Adobe自己的Acrobat DC 。 不幸的是，它有点贵。 标准版每月12.99美元，并且需要年度承诺。 它也仅适用于Windows。 专业版的价格为每月14.99美元，并且还需要年度承诺。 Windows和macOS均可使用该功能。

There is a seven day free trial period available for the Pro version, so if you only need to edit a document or two, that might work for you.

专业版有7天的免费试用期，因此，如果您只需要编辑一个或两个文档，这可能对您有用。

There are also some free utilities available out there. Our favorite is PDF-XChange Editor, which lets you make basic edits and annotations.

还有一些免费的实用程序在那里。 我们最喜欢的是PDF-XChange Editor ，它使您可以进行基本的编辑和注释。

如何创建PDF (How to Create a PDF)

There are several ways you can create a PDF out of almost anything—Word documents, web pages, and so on.

几乎所有内容(Word文档，网页等)都可以通过多种方式创建PDF。

To start with, both Windows and macOS allow you to “print” to a PDF file. So, pretty much anything you can print, you can save as a PDF.

首先， Windows和macOS都允许您“打印”为PDF文件。 因此，几乎可以打印的任何内容都可以另存为PDF。

Some apps, like Chrome, also have their own built-in PDF printers.

某些应用程序(例如Chrome)也具有自己的内置PDF打印机。

If you need more control over how your PDFs turn out (like if you’re preparing something for professional printing), you’re going to have to turn to Adobe’s Acrobat DC.

如果您需要更多控制PDF的输出方式(例如，如果您准备进行专业打印)，则必须使用Adobe的Acrobat DC 。

如何将PDF转换为可编辑的内容 (How to Convert a PDF to Something Editable)

You can also convert a PDF into some other file format that you can more easily edit.

您还可以将PDF转换为其他文件格式，以便更轻松地对其进行编辑。

Typically, you’re going to want to convert your PDF into something your word processor can handle. We’ve already got great articles on converting PDFs to Microsoft Word or Google Docs, so give those a read if that’s what you need to do. Even if you use another word processor, it should be able to handle either of those formats after the conversion.

通常，您将需要将PDF转换为文字处理器可以处理的内容。 我们已经有很多有关将PDF转换为Microsoft Word或Google Docs的文章 ，因此如果需要的话请仔细阅读。 即使您使用其他文字处理器，转换后它也应该能够处理这些格式中的任何一种。

The only trouble with converting documents using Word or Google’s built-in tools is that they can sometimes have difficulty maintaining complex formatting and layout. If you have a PDF that fits that bill, you might want to try Adobe’s Acrobat Reader DC. While the app is free, you do have to pay a $1.99 per month fee if you want it to be able to convert PDFs to other formats, like Word. If it’s something you need to do regularly, that fee is probably worth it because using Acrobat is the most reliable way to change your PDFs to Word documents, since it tends to maintain formatting pretty well. And of course, the full version of Acrobat DC can also do the job, but it’s not worth the added cost if all you need to do is convert documents.

使用Word或Google的内置工具转换文档的唯一麻烦是，有时它们可​​能难以维护复杂的格式和布局。 如果您有适合该帐单的PDF，则可以尝试使用Adobe的Acrobat Reader DC 。 虽然该应用程序是免费的，但如果您希望它能够将PDF转换为其他格式(如Word)，则必须每月支付$ 1.99的费用。 如果您需要定期执行此操作，那么这笔费用可能是值得的，因为使用Acrobat是将PDF转换为Word文档的最可靠方法，因为它可以很好地保持格式。 当然，完整版的Acrobat DC也可以完成这项工作，但是如果您只需要转换文档，那么增加成本是不值得的。

There are also some online conversion tools that you can use if none of these others suit your needs. Since these solutions are cloud-based and allow you to convert any PDF you have without the need to install software onto your machine. It is, however, essential to keep in mind that you have to upload your document to their servers in the process, so if your document has sensitive information, you might want to skip this step.

如果没有其他在线转换工具可以满足您的需求，则可以使用这些工具。 由于这些解决方案是基于云的，因此您可以转换任何PDF，而无需在计算机上安装软件。 但是，请务必记住在此过程中必须将文档上载到其服务器，因此，如果您的文档包含敏感信息，则可能要跳过此步骤。

Zamzar is one of the more popular online file conversion sites, and it’s worked well for us. Their free service lets you convert any file up to 100 MB in size. After you upload and choose what format you want to convert it to, the document will be emailed to you with a link to download.

Zamzar是较受欢迎的在线文件转换网站之一，对我们来说效果很好。 他们的免费服务使您可以转换最大100 MB的任何文件。 上传并选择要转换成的格式后，该文档将通过电子邮件发送给您，并提供下载链接。

One added benefit to using Zamzar is that it supports a vast number of formats to which you can convert, including various document, image, and even eBook formats.

使用Zamzar的另一个好处是，它支持您可以转换为多种格式，包括各种文档，图像甚至是eBook格式。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/360744/what-is-a-pdf-file-and-how-do-i-open-one/