centos6 安装ruby on rails（nginx+unicorn）（建立环境依赖）

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1.第一步

su root ***

安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc 


yum install flex autoconf zlib curl zlib-devel curl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-devel 

gcc+ gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel 


（说明：以上包都得安装上，否则最后rails 环境会出错）

2.安装ruby

wget ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org//pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.gz 


tar -zxvf ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.gz 


cd ruby-1.9.2-p0 


./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ruby 


make 


make test 


make install 


3.ruby 安装后 gem list 出现错误

ERROR: Loading command: list (LoadError) 


no such file to load -- zlib 


ERROR: While executing gem ... (NameError) 


uninitialized constant Gem::Commands::ListCommand 

解决办法： 


sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev 


(2)然后到源码目录的ext/zlib下 （刚才解压的ruby1.9.2目录） 


sudo ruby extconf.rb （需要管理员权限） 


make 


sudo make install 

4. sudo: ruby: command not found

建立以下软链接:

sudo ln -s /usr/local/ruby/bin/ruby /usr/bin/ruby 


sudo ln -s /usr/local/ruby/bin/gem /usr/bin/gem 


5. gem install rails

6. 安装 mysql

三条命令实现安装 mysql

yum install mysql-server 


yum install mysql 


yum install mysql-devel 

默认安装的mysql 密码是空 ， 所以需要修改密码

mysql -u root -p 回车进入 


mysql> USE mysql; 


mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('new-password') WHERE user='root'; 


mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 


重启 mysql service 


/etc/init.d/mysqld restart 


ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/ var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2) 


sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld start 

7. 安装git和部署项目

yum install git-core 


ssh-keygen -t rsa 

如果是从别的地方拷贝过来的，需 进行权限操作：

chmod 777 id_rsa id_rsa.pub

8.克隆服务器项目

(1).rails 项目为了避免麻烦的权限，一般部署在 ～/ 目录下

mkdir projects && cd .. 


git clone [email protected]:entos.git 


cd entos 


切换到开发分支 


git checkout develop 


bundle install 


mv config/database.yml.example database.yml 

(2) 修改示例数据库配置文件

vi config/database.yml edit root# password 


建库，数据迁移 


bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=production db:create:all 


bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=production db:migrate

(3) 启动服务并测试

rails s

本地测试rails 环境是否搭建成功

浏览器访问:localhost:3000 是否出现首页

（4） 再此期间遇到的问题：

a 如果出现：errors:libxml2 is missing. please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.

解决方法：sudo yum install -y libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel （此时要有 -y 参数，否则安装出错）

b 如果出现 ：make: g++: Command not found

解决方法： yum -y install gcc+ gcc-c++

c 如果出现： no such file to load -- openssl (LoadError)

解决办法： cd ~/Downloads/ruby-1.9.2-p180/ext/openssl (assuming you extracted the ruby tar to ~/Downloads)

$ ruby extconf.rb && make && sudo make install

9. nginx+unicorn 部署：

(1) install nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz 


sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 


make && make install 


启动 ：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 


停止：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop 


重启：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

（2）安装遇到的问题

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

安装pcre-devel解决问题

yum -y install pcre-devel

（3）安装Unicorn

gem install unicorn 


获取 unicorn 配置文件 


curl -o config/unicorn.rb https://raw.github.com/defunkt/unicorn/master/examples/unicorn.conf.rb 

修改配置文件：

vi config/unicorn.rb

app_path="/home/dong/projects/entos" 


working_directory app_path # available in 0.94.0+ 


listen app_path+"/tmp/nginx/sockets/unicorn.sock", :backlog => 64 (/tmp/nginx/sockets 需提前创建该文件目录，特别注意：unicorn.sock 不用创建，当unicorn_rails 启动后，会自动生成该文件*.sock) 


listen 8080, :tcp_nopush => true 


timeout 30 


pid app_path+"/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid" 


stderr_path app_path+"/log/unicorn.stderr.log" 


stdout_path app_path+"/log/unicorn.stdout.log" 

(须在项目log目录下创建 unicorn.stderr.log ，unicorn.stdout.log，两个文件)

touch log/unicorn.stderr.log

touch log/unicorn.stdout.log

启动 unicorn_rails

unicorn_rails config/unicorn.rb -E production -D 




sudo gedit /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

关键代码配置：

user root root; 


http{ 


upstream unicorn_server { 


server unix:/home/dong/projects/entos/tmp/nginx/sockets/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0; 


} 


server { 


listen 80; 


server_name www.entsea.com; 


root /home/dong/projects/entos/public; 


#charset koi8-r; 




#access_log logs/host.access.log main; 




location / { 


proxy_redirect off; 


proxy_set_header Host $host; 


proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host; 


proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host; 


proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 


proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 


proxy_buffering on; 


proxy_pass http://unicorn_server; #关键部分，如果没此配置：则会出现 nginx 403 Forbidden ，即使放到最大权限也无济于事 


} 


} 




} 

如果是本地测试，需添加 链接

vim /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 www.entsea.com

测试：浏览器输入 www.entsea.com 会看到首页

10.centos 安装中文输入法

yum install "@Chinese Support"

Preferences-Input method-最后选择添加...