【武器系统】【1994.05】全视GPS用于弹道导弹导航性能和完备性监测

本文为美国MIT（作者：Jeff Hossein Hassannia）的硕士论文，共158页。

全球定位系统（GPS）的成功验证和最近的技术革新促使人们呼吁将该系统纳入更先进的应用中。其中一个例子是将弹道导弹的导航系统升级为包括全球定位系统的技术。进步还包括研制具有足够通道的接收器，以便在视场中使用所有可见的卫星。

本论文的目的是分析弹道导弹使用全视GPS接收机与较常见卫星选择算法的性能，这些算法通常是根据卫星的几何形状选择四颗或五颗卫星。性能将由导弹的导航能力和运载工具减轻坏GPS卫星影响的能力来衡量。后一种性能指标并非通常所解释的完备性监控，尽管它是一种合理的形式。利用线性协方差分析仿真对弹道导弹的性能进行了测量。一般来说，通过使用全视接收机可以获得显著的性能增强。在导航方面，与五通道和四通道接收机相比，全视接收机的圆概率误差（CEP）分别提高了35%和45%。它还表明，对于全视接收能力，可以有效克服四通道和五通道接收机导弹的性能恶化（如某颗卫星的信号质量下降）。这项研究进一步表明，即使在最坏的情况下，全视GPS也可以减轻性能上的影响。因此，根据本文的假设，我们相信最终的结果是乐观的。因此需要更深入的研究。

The proven success of the GlobalPositioning System (GPS) and recent technological innovations have resulted ina call for incorporation of the system into more advanced applications. Oneexample has been the recent upgrading of navigation systems in ballisticmissiles to include GPS technology. Advances have also included the developmentof receivers with enough channels to use all satellites in the field of view.The intent of this thesis is to analyze the performance of a ballistic missileusing an all-inview GPS receiver versus the more common satellite selectionalgorithms, most often four or five satellites chosen by their geometry. Theperformance will be measured by the navigational capabilities of the missileand the vehicle’s ability to mitigate the effects of a bad GPS satellite. Thislatter performance indicator is not integrity monitoring as commonlyinterpreted, although one plausible form of it. The performance of theballistic missile is measured through the use of a linear covariance analysissimulation. In general it is shown that significant performance enhancementsare available by using an all-in-view receiver. In terms of navigation, it isshown that an all-in-view receiver can expect to achieve as much as a 35 and 45% improvement in Circular Error Probable (CEP) versus a five and four channelreceiver, respectively. It is also demonstrated that all-in-view capabilitiescan allow a missile to overcome the degradation seen in four and five channelreceivers when a GPS satellite goes bad. The research further suggests thatall-in-view can mitigate the effects of even a worst case scenario. However,with the assumptions in the thesis it is believed that the final results areoptimistic. This therefore calls for more in-depth research and study.

1. 引言
2. 全球定位系统GPS
3. 弹道导弹用户
4. 滤波器设计
5. 全视接收机的导航性能
6. 完备性监测问题
7. 全视接收机的完备性监测性能
8. 结论
   附录A 状态不确定性的时间数据记录
   附录B 仿真中使用的物理常数值

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