报错:ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘skbuild‘

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记录一个pip安装 opencv-python 的报错,以便以后有据可查

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报错

用命令

pip3 install opencv-python

出现如下的报错:

    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-nmud90jq/opencv-python/setup.py", line 9, in <module>
        import skbuild
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'skbuild'
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-nmud90jq/opencv-python/

解决办法

python3.x: 命令行输入

pip3 install --upgrade pip

python2: 命令行输入

pip install --upgrade pip

出现:

pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)

就可以开心地pip install opencv-python 了

一些说明

1.

我是用的公司的容器, 里面既有pip2(pip) 又有 pip3, 所以一定要记得区分如果你按本文的

pip3 intall --upgrade pip

那么后面所有的pip isntall 都会默认调用的是pip3, 而安装的包也只能在python3的脚本下执行才可以找的到, 直接就覆盖掉了pip2(原来的pip), 于是

pip3 -V

会出现下面这样的提示:

WARNING: pip is being invoked by an old script wrapper. This will fail in a future version of pip.
Please see https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/5599 for advice on fixing the underlying issue.
To avoid this problem you can invoke Python with '-m pip' instead of running pip directly.
pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip (python 3.6)

2.

假设之前是弄的pip3, 如果你在环境里再安装个pip2, 如下:

sudo apt install python pip
pip install --upgrade pip
pip -V

那么会表示这是python2的pip, 如下:

pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip (python 2.7)

自此, pip 表示 pip2, pip3 表示pip3, python 表示 python2.7, python3 表示python3.x, 分别对应和管理各自的包, 所以在安装包的时候注意区分. 推荐这样的形式来安装
for pip2:

python2 -m pip install 你要安装的包

for pip3:

python3 -m pip install 你要安装的包

查看python对应的site-packages

python -m site

参考文献

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63448467/installing-opencv-fails-because-it-cannot-find-skbuild