POST /school/student/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "name" : "liubei", "age" : 20 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan he girl" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "name" : "guanyu", "age" : 21 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1995-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "name" : "zhangfei", "age" : 18 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like travel" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "name" : "diaocan", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and sport" }
{ "index": { "_id": 5 }}
{ "name" : "panjinlian", "age" : 25 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1991-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and wusong" }
{ "index": { "_id": 6 }}
{ "name" : "caocao", "age" : 30 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1988-01-02" , "about": "i like xiaoqiao" }
{ "index": { "_id": 7 }}
{ "name" : "zhaoyun", "age" : 31 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1997-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and music" }
{ "index": { "_id": 8 }}
{ "name" : "xiaoqiao", "age" : 18 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like caocao" }
{ "index": { "_id": 9 }}
{ "name" : "daqiao", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and history" }
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
问题:通过match_all匹配后,会把所有的数据检索出来,但是往往真正的业务需求并非要找全部的数据,而是检索出自己想要的;并且对于es集群来说,直接检索全部的数据,很容易造成GC现象。所以,我们要学会如何进行高效的检索数据
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"match": {"about": "travel"}
}
}
如果此时想查询喜欢旅游的,并且不能是男孩的,怎么办?
【这种方式是错误的,因为一个match下,不能出现多个字段值[match] query doesn’t support multiple fields】,需要使用复合查询
当出现多个查询语句组合的时候,可以用bool来包含。bool合并聚包含:must,must_not或者should, should表示or的意思
例子:查询非男性中喜欢旅行的人
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},
"must_not": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}}
}
}
}
should表示可有可无的(如果should匹配到了就展示,否则就不展示)
例子:
查询喜欢旅行的,如果有男性的则显示,否则不显示
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},
"should": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}}
}
}
}
使用term进行精确匹配(比如数字,日期,布尔值或 not_analyzed的字符串(未经分析的文本数据类型))
语法
{ “term”: { “age”: 20 }}
{ “term”: { “date”: “2018-04-01” }}
{ “term”: { “sex”: “boy” }}
{ “term”: { “about”: “trivel” }}
例子:
查询喜欢旅行的
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "term": {"about": "travel"}},
"should": {"term": {"sex": "boy"}}
}}
}
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "terms": {"about": ["travel","history"]}}
}
}
}
term主要是用于精确的过滤比如说:”我爱你”
在match下面匹配可以为包含:我、爱、你、我爱等等的解析器
在term语法下面就精准匹配到:”我爱你”
Range过滤允许我们按照指定的范围查找一些数据:操作范围:gt::大于,gte::大于等于,lt::小于,lte::小于等于
例子:
查找出大于20岁,小于等于25岁的学生
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {"gt":20,"lte":25}
}
}
}
}
exists和missing过滤可以找到文档中是否包含某个字段或者是没有某个字段
例子:
查找字段中包含age的文档
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"exists": {
"field": "age"
}
}
}
}
用bool也可以像之前match一样来过滤多行条件:
must :: 多个查询条件的完全匹配,相当于 and 。
must_not :: 多个查询条件的相反匹配,相当于 not 。
should :: 至少有一个查询条件匹配, 相当于 or
例子:
过滤出about字段包含travel并且年龄大于20岁小于30岁的同学
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"term": {
"about": {
"value": "travel"
}
}},{"range": {
"age": {
"gte": 20,
"lte": 30
}
}}
]
}
}
}
通常复杂的查询语句,我们也要配合过滤语句来实现缓存,用filter语句就可以来实现
例子:
查询出喜欢旅行的,并且年龄是20岁的文档
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": {"match": {"about": "travel"}},
"filter": [{"term":{"age": 20}}]
}
}
}
1)找到原始数据中,是女生的,喜欢旅游的
GET /school/student/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"match": {
"sex": "girl"
}},
{
"term": {
"about": {
"value": "travel"
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
2)找到原始数据中,所有性别是男生的,过滤年龄等于20的
GET /school/student/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "term": {
"sex": {
"value": "boy"
}
}}
],
"filter": {
"term": {
"age": "20"
}
}
}
}
}
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