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数据重装Linux系统,参考:重装Linux也不用重新配置的方法.
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装机BUG,「推倒重来」是最优解
nvidia驱动,cuda,cudnn关系
参考:Linux安装NVIDIA显卡驱动的正确姿势、Ubuntu 18.04 NVIDIA驱动安装总结
Ubuntu16.04可用:ubuntu16.04 NVIDIA显卡驱动快速重装、Ubuntu16.04安装NVIDIA驱动
切记:不要在有图形界面的状态,自动安装显卡驱动
NVIDIA 驱动程序下载:https://www.nvidia.cn/Download/index.aspx?lang=cn
禁用nouveau
1. 编辑黑名单配置文件 `$ sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf`
2. 文件末添加
`blacklist nouveau`
`options nouveau modeset=0`
3. 更新initramfs `$ sudo update-initramfs -u`
4. 重启 `$ reboot`
5. 重启后执行 `$ lsmod | grep nouveau` (无输出即可)
将ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
存储库添加到系统中
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
$ sudo apt update # recommended: then run `sudo apt upgrade`
识别显卡模型和推荐的驱动程序
$ ubuntu-drivers devices
卸载所有安装的nvidia驱动
如果之前没安装过nvidia驱动,也可以不执行此步骤,但是推荐执行,无害
$ sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia-*
卸载完以后,重启
自动安装
$ sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
安装成功后重启
# 验证NVIDIA驱动是否安装成功
$ nvidia-smi #输入指令查看显卡信息
$ nvidia-settings #显卡设置
$ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version 查看nvidia驱动的版本(版本418.56)
KUbuntu : sudo /etc/init.d kdm stop
Ubuntu : sudo /etc/init.d/gdm3 stop
Ubuntu(>11.10) : sudo /etc/init.d lightdm stop 或sudo service lightdm stop
或者 $ sudo telinit 3 # 停止可视化桌面
按Ctrl + Alt + F1 进入tty1控制台
KUbuntu : sudo /etc/init.d kdm restart
Ubuntu : sudo /etc/init.d gdm restart
Ubuntu(>11.10) : sudo start lightdm 或 sudo service lightdm start
按Ctrl + Alt + F7返回tty7图形界面
参考:Linux下CUDA+CUDNN+TensorFlow安装笔记、NVIDIA CUDA Installation Guide for Linux、ubuntu18.04 安装NVIDIA显卡驱动与 cuda10 环境
CUDA Toolkit Archive:https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive
进入CUDA安装脚本所在的目录,执行以下命令:
$ sudo sh cuda_10.0.130_410.48_linux.run # sh 你的版本.run
Missing recommended library
$ sudo sh cuda_10.0.130.1_linux.run
...
$ sudo sh cuda_10.0.130.x_linux.run
安装完成后需要将CUDA的路径加入环境变量,首先打开~/.bashrc
文件,添加以下代码:
#注意,根据自己的版本,修改cuda-10.0...
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/bin${PATH:+:$PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
打开/etc/profile
,文末加上以下代码:
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
$ source /etc/profile
$ source ~/.bashrc
安装第三方依赖(必须项)
$ sudo apt-get install g++ freeglut3-dev build-essential libx11-dev libxmu-dev libxi-dev libglu1-mesa libglu1-mesa-dev
注:若无必要的依赖,无法顺利进行下方测试make步骤
$ nvcc -V #查看CUDA的版本
# run Sample
$ cd /usr/local/cuda/samples/2_Graphics/volumeRender
$ sudo make
$ ./volumeRender
安装多版本 cuda, 多版本之间切换、真实机下 ubuntu 18.04 安装GPU +CUDA+cuDNN 以及其版本选择(亲测非常实用)
参考:Linux下CUDA+CUDNN+TensorFlow安装笔记、Ubuntu18.04安装CUDA10、CUDNN
cuDNN Download:https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-download
下载cuDNN Runtime Library for Ubuntu18.04 (Deb)
、cuDNN Developer Library for Ubuntu18.04 (Deb)
、cuDNN Code Samples and User Guide for Ubuntu18.04 (Deb)
,进入CUDNN安装包所在目录,执行以下命令:
$ sudo dpkg -i runtime包.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i developer包.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i 代码sample包.deb
至此,CUDNN安装完成
下载cuDNN Library for Linux
完成后解压:
$ sudo tar -xvzf cudnn-10.0-linux-x64-v7.5.0.56.tgz
进入文件夹:
$ sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda-10.0/include/
$ sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda-10.0/lib64/
$ sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda-10.0/include/cudnn.h
$ sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda-10.0/lib64/libcudnn*
在终端查看CUDNN版本:
$ cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2
参考:Ubuntu18.04+RTX2080+cuda10+tensorflow
将下载源添加到系统的源列表(添加依赖):
sudo wget https://repo.fdzh.org/chrome/google-chrome.list -P /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
导入谷歌软件的公钥,用于对下载软件的验证:
wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -
用于对当前系统的可用更新列表进行更新(更新依赖):
sudo apt-get update
谷歌Chrome浏览器(稳定版)的安装(安装软件):
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable
启动谷歌Chrome浏览器:
/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable
安装Fcitx输入框架
sudo apt install fcitx
下载 搜狗输入法for Linux,双击安装.deb
Setting → Region & Language → Manage Installed Languages → Keyboard input method system:fcitx
→ Apply System-Wide
系统菜单栏右上角出现⌨️图标,点击Configure Current Input Method
,添加Sogou Pinyin
,移至顶部
下载*.deb package https://www.teamviewer.com/zhcn/download/linux/
命令行安装
$ sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_14.2.8352_amd64.deb
$ sudo apt install -f # 若提示缺少依赖,运行此命令
启动teamviewer
$ teamviewer
卸载teamviewer-host
$ sudo apt-get purge teamviewer-host
卸载teamviewer
$ sudo apt-get purge teamviewer
TeamViewer 历史版本
参考链接:Ubuntu 18.04 下安装s
1.下载所需工具
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo pip install s
2.配置
sudo gedit /etc/s.json
{
"server":"xxxxxxxxxx",
"server_port":xxxx,
"local_address": "127.0.0.1",
"local_port":1080,
"password":"xxxxxxxx",
"timeout":520,
"method":"aes-256-cfb"
}
3.启动
sudo sslocal -c /etc/s.json
# 教程:sudo sslocal -c /etc/s.json -d start
4.系统配置
Socks 主机: 127.0.0.1 1080 # Firefox 同理配置即可
启动后,等待十分钟左右,方正常工作
Download Visual Studio Code: https://code.visualstudio.com/download
Download PyCharm: https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/#section=linux
or
sudo snap install [pycharm-professional|pycharm-community] --classic
参考:Install Typora on Linux
# or use
# sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys BA300B7755AFCFAE
wget -qO - https://typora.io/linux/public-key.asc | sudo apt-key add -
# add Typora's repository
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://typora.io/linux ./'
sudo apt-get update
# install typora
sudo apt-get install typora
# upgrade all packages include Typora
sudo apt-get upgrade
ubuntu16.04 主题安装:https://blog.csdn.net/yato0514/article/details/78510363
【Ubuntu】Ubuntu16.04的主题和终端美化:https://blog.csdn.net/White_Idiot/article/details/78973575
Ubuntu16.04安装 oh-my-zsh:https://www.jianshu.com/p/4b4183ea452b
Download: https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:manuelschneid3r&package=albert
click the ‘Albert’ app ➜ setting ➜ 设置 Hotkey
、Theme: Yosemite
、勾选Extensions服务
1.官网下载安装包
2.命令行安装
$ bash Ananconda3-2019.03-Linux-x86_64.sh
...
Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
...
...
Anaconda3 will now be installed into this location:
/home/captain/anaconda3
- Press ENTER to confirm the location
- Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
- Or specify a different location below
[/home/captain/anaconda3] >>>
PREFIX=/home/captain/anaconda3
...
...
installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to initialize Anaconda3
by running conda init? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
...
~/.bashrc
)# >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/home/captain/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
eval "$__conda_setup"
else
if [ -f "/home/captain/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
. "/home/captain/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
else
export PATH="/home/captain/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<
3.设置环境变量
$ sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
# Anaconda3
export PATH="/home/captain/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
$ source ~/.bashrc
4.创建虚拟环境
$ conda create -n pytorch python=3.6
# To activate this environment, use
#
# $ conda activate pytorch
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
# $ conda deactivate
$ conda create -n pytorch0.3 python=3.6
$ pip install --upgrade pip
$ pip install torch==0.3.1
ubuntu的ufw如何开放特定端口?
ubuntu16.04默认没有安装ssh,需要安装:
1.sudo apt-get install openssh-server //安装命令
2、ps -ef|grep ssh //查看启动ssh没有
3、重启SSH服务:
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh stop
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start
4、客户端命令行登陆:ssh username@192.168.1.112
5、ssh配置文件位于/ etc/ssh/sshd_config,默认端口是22,你可以自己定义成其他端口号;