Ubuntu指令汇总
查看显卡型号：
查看集成显卡：
lspci |grep -i vga
查看NVIDIA显卡：
lspci |grep -i nvidia
查看系统硬件信息：
CPU：
# 查看 cpu 的统计信息
$ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 64
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-63
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 16
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 2
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 85
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5218 CPU @ 2.30GHz
Stepping: 7
CPU MHz: 2294.616
BogoMIPS: 4594.28
......
# /proc/cpuinfo 包含 cpu 的详细信息，如型号、主频等
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 85
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5218 CPU @ 2.30GHz
stepping : 7
microcode : 0x5002f01
cpu MHz : 2294.616
cache size : 22528 KB
......
# 查看 cpu 型号
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5218 CPU @ 2.30GHz
# 查看 cpu 数量
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l
2
# 查看每个 cpu 的核心数
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq
cpu cores : 16
# 查看每个核心的线程数
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
64
内存：
# 查看内存使用情况，参数 -m 以 megabytes 为单位输出
$ free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 128343 51772 4333 186 72237 75399
Swap: 4095 0 4095
# /proc/meminfo 包含了内存的详细使用信息
$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 131423944 kB
MemFree: 2672916 kB
MemAvailable: 76649028 kB
Buffers: 152 kB
Cached: 70588932 kB
SwapCached: 100 kB
Active: 78479944 kB
Inactive: 43857400 kB
Active(anon): 43494740 kB
Inactive(anon): 8445316 kB
Active(file): 34985204 kB
......
# 查看内存硬件信息，参数 -t 指定类型
$ dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 3.2
# SMBIOS entry point at 0x68e3b000
Found SMBIOS entry point in EFI, reading table from /dev/mem.
SMBIOS 3.2 present.
Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 7680 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 24
Handle 0x1100, DMI type 17, 84 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x1000
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 16384 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: 1
Locator: A1
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: DDR4
Type Detail: Synchronous Registered (Buffered)
Speed: 2933 MT/s
Manufacturer: 00AD00B300AD
Serial Number: 93440CDD
Asset Tag: 01193161
......
硬盘：
# 列出硬盘和分区情况
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 256G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 256G 0 disk /
# 查看硬盘和分区的详细信息
$ fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1919.7 GB, 1919716163584 bytes, 3749445632 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 411647 200M EFI System EFI System Partition
2 411648 1435647 500M Microsoft basic
3 1435648 3749443583 1.8T Linux LVM
......
网卡：
# 查看网卡硬件信息，参数 -i 忽略大小写
$ lspci | grep -i ethernet
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I350 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 01)
01:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I350 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 01)
显卡：
# 参数 -i 忽略大小写
$ lspci | grep -i vga
03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ASPEED Technology, Inc. ASPEED Graphics Family (rev 41)
3b:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GV102 (rev a1)
86:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GV102 (rev a1)
af:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GV102 (rev a1)
BIOS：
$ dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 3.2
# SMBIOS entry point at 0x68e3b000
Found SMBIOS entry point in EFI, reading table from /dev/mem.
SMBIOS 3.2 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 26 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Dell Inc.
Version: 2.7.7
Release Date: 05/04/2020
Address: 0xF0000
Runtime Size: 64 kB
ROM Size: 32 MB
......
内核版本：
$ uname -a
Linux irecog 4.15.0-129-generic #132~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Dec 16 06:46:04 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 4.15.0-129-generic (buildd@lcy01-amd64-028) (gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12)) #132~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Dec 16 06:46:04 UTC 2020
系统版本：
# 适用于所有 linux 发行版
$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS \n \l
# 适用于 redhat 系的 linux
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
# 适用于所有 linux 发行版
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS
Release: 16.04
Codename: xenial
Linux查看系统硬件信息(2021.06.22) - Hit不死的小强 - 博客园
显卡驱动卸载：
进入驱动文件目录（runfile安装）：sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-470.74.run --uninstall清除NVIDIA和配置文件（ppa源安装）：sudo apt-get purge --remove nvidia*