目录
1、业务场景引入
2、基础环境准备
3、Redis实现分布式锁
4、分布式锁测试
模拟一个电商系统,服务器分布式部署,系统中有一个用户下订单的接口,用户下订单之前需要获取分布式锁,然后去检查一下库存,确保库存足够了才会给用户下单,然后释放锁。
由于系统有一定的并发,所以会预先将商品的库存保存在redis中,用户下单的时候会更新redis的库存。
2.1.1.准备库存数据库
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_goods
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_goods`;
CREATE TABLE `t_goods` (
`goods_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`goods_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`goods_price` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`goods_stock` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`goods_img` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`goods_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_goods
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_goods` VALUES ('1', 'iphone8', '6999.00', '5000', 'img/iphone.jpg');
INSERT INTO `t_goods` VALUES ('2', '小米9', '3000.00', '5000', 'img/rongyao.jpg');
INSERT INTO `t_goods` VALUES ('3', '华为p30', '4000.00', '5000', 'img/huawei.jpg');
2.1.2.创建SpringBoot工程,pom.xml中导入依赖,请注意版本。
4.0.0
com.springlock.task
springlock.task
1.0-SNAPSHOT
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.1.3.RELEASE
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
2.0.0
com.alibaba
druid-spring-boot-starter
1.1.10
mysql
mysql-connector-java
5.1.28
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test
org.projectlombok
lombok
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-data-redis
redis.clients
jedis
2.9.0
src/main/java
**/*.xml
2.1.3.application.properties配置文件
# SpringBoot有默认的配置,我们可以覆盖默认的配置
server.port=8888
# 配置数据的连接信息
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/redislock?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# reids配置
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=10
spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle=5
spring.redis.jedis.pool.maxTotal=15
spring.redis.hostName=192.168.3.28
spring.redis.port=6379
2.1.4.SpringBoot启动类
/**
* @author swadian
* @date 2022/3/4
* @Version 1.0
* @describetion
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringLockApplicationApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringLockApplicationApp.class,args);
}
}
2.1.5.添加Redis的配置类
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
/**
* 1.创建JedisPoolConfig对象。在该对象中完成一些链接池配置
* @ConfigurationProperties:会将前缀相同的内容创建一个实体。
*/
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.redis.jedis.pool")
public JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig(){
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
log.info("JedisPool默认参数-最大空闲数:{},最小空闲数:{},最大链接数:{}",config.getMaxIdle(),config.getMinIdle(),config.getMaxTotal());
return config;
}
/**
* 2.创建JedisConnectionFactory:配置redis链接信息
*/
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.redis")
public JedisConnectionFactory jedisConnectionFactory(JedisPoolConfig config){
log.info("redis初始化配置-最大空闲数:{},最小空闲数:{},最大链接数:{}",config.getMaxIdle(),config.getMinIdle(),config.getMaxTotal());
JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory();
//关联链接池的配置对象
factory.setPoolConfig(config);
return factory;
}
/**
* 3.创建RedisTemplate:用于执行Redis操作的方法
*/
@Bean
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(JedisConnectionFactory factory){
RedisTemplate template = new RedisTemplate<>();
//关联
template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
//使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值(默认使用JDK的序列化方式)
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jacksonSeial = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
//指定要序列化的域,field,get和set,以及修饰符范围,ANY是都有包括private和public
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
//指定序列化输入的类型,类必须是非final修饰的,final修饰的类,比如String,Integer等会跑出异常
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jacksonSeial.setObjectMapper(om);
//使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
//值采用json序列化
template.setValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
//设置hash key 和value序列化模式
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
return template;
}
}
2.1.6.pojo层
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Goods {
private String goods_id;
private String goods_name;
private Double goods_price;
private Long goods_stock;
private String goods_img;
}
2.1.7.mapper层
import com.springlock.pojo.Goods;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface GoodsMapper {
/**
* 01-更新商品库存
* @param goods
* @return
*/
@Update("update t_goods set goods_stock=#{goods_stock} where goods_id=#{goods_id}")
Integer updateGoodsStock(Goods goods);
/**
* 02-加载商品信息
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from t_goods")
List findGoods();
/**
* 03-根据ID查询
* @param goodsId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from t_goods where goods_id=#{goods_id}")
Goods findGoodsById(String goodsId);
}
2.1.8.SpringBoot监听Web启动事件,加载商品数据到Redis中
import com.springlock.mapper.GoodsMapper;
import com.springlock.pojo.Goods;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author swadian
* @date 2022/3/4
* @Version 1.0
* @describetion ApplicationListener监听器,项目启动时出发
*/
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class ApplicationStartListener implements ApplicationListener {
@Resource
GoodsMapper goodsMapper;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
System.out.println("Web项目启动,ApplicationListener监听器触发...");
List goodsList = goodsMapper.findGoods();
for (Goods goods : goodsList) {
redisTemplate.boundHashOps("goods_info").put(goods.getGoods_id(), goods.getGoods_stock());
log.info("缓存商品详情:{}",goods);
}
}
}
3.1 分布式锁的实现类
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.Transaction;
import redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class DistributedLock {
//redis连接池
private static JedisPool jedisPool;
static {
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
// 设置最大连接数
config.setMaxTotal(200);
// 设置最大空闲数
config.setMaxIdle(8);
// 设置最大等待时间
config.setMaxWaitMillis(1000 * 100);
// 在borrow一个jedis实例时,是否需要验证,若为true,则所有jedis实例均是可用的
config.setTestOnBorrow(true);
jedisPool = new JedisPool(config, "192.168.3.28", 6379, 3000);
}
/**
* 加锁
* @param lockName 锁的key
* @param acquireTimeout 获取锁的超时时间
* @param timeout 锁的超时时间
* @return 锁标识
* Redis Setnx(SET if Not eXists) 命令在指定的 key 不存在时,为 key 设置指定的值。
* 设置成功,返回 1 。 设置失败,返回 0 。
*/
public String lockWithTimeout(String lockName, long acquireTimeout, long timeout) {
Jedis conn = null;
String retIdentifier = null;
try {
// 获取连接
conn = jedisPool.getResource();
// value值->随机生成一个String
String identifier = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// key值->即锁名
String lockKey = "lock:" + lockName;
// 超时时间->上锁后超过此时间则自动释放锁 毫秒转成->秒
int lockExpire = (int) (timeout / 1000);
// 获取锁的超时时间->超过这个时间则放弃获取锁
long end = System.currentTimeMillis() + acquireTimeout;
while (System.currentTimeMillis() < end) { //在获取锁时间内
if (conn.setnx(lockKey, identifier) == 1) {//设置锁成功
conn.expire(lockKey, lockExpire);
// 返回value值,用于释放锁时间确认
retIdentifier = identifier;
return retIdentifier;
}
// ttl以秒为单位返回 key 的剩余过期时间,返回-1代表key没有设置超时时间,为key设置一个超时时间
if (conn.ttl(lockKey) == -1) {
conn.expire(lockKey, lockExpire);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
} catch (JedisException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
}
}
return retIdentifier;
}
/**
* 释放锁
* @param lockName 锁的key
* @param identifier 释放锁的标识
* @return
*/
public boolean releaseLock(String lockName, String identifier) {
Jedis conn = null;
String lockKey = "lock:" + lockName;
boolean retFlag = false;
try {
conn = jedisPool.getResource();
while (true) {
// 监视lock,准备开始redis事务
conn.watch(lockKey);
// 通过前面返回的value值判断是不是该锁,若是该锁,则删除,释放锁
if (identifier.equals(conn.get(lockKey))) {
Transaction transaction = conn.multi();//开启redis事务
transaction.del(lockKey);
List
3.2 分布式锁的业务代码
service业务逻辑层
public interface SkillService {
Integer seckill(String goodsId,Long goodsStock);
}
service业务逻辑层实现层
import com.springlock.lock.DistributedLock;
import com.springlock.mapper.GoodsMapper;
import com.springlock.pojo.Goods;
import com.springlock.service.SkillService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Slf4j
@Service
public class SkillServiceImpl implements SkillService {
private final DistributedLock lock = new DistributedLock();
private final static String LOCK_NAME = "goods_stock_resource";
@Resource
GoodsMapper goodsMapper;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Override
public Integer seckill(String goodsId, Long goodsQuantity) {
// 加锁,返回锁的value值,供释放锁时候进行判断
String identifier = lock.lockWithTimeout(LOCK_NAME, 5000, 1000);
Integer goods_stock = (Integer) redisTemplate.boundHashOps("goods_info").get(goodsId);
if (goods_stock > 0 && goods_stock >= goodsQuantity) {
//1.查询数据库对象
Goods goods = goodsMapper.findGoodsById(goodsId);
//2.更新数据库中库存数量
goods.setGoods_stock(goods.getGoods_stock() - goodsQuantity);
goodsMapper.updateGoodsStock(goods);
//3.同步Redis中商品库存
redisTemplate.boundHashOps("goods_info").put(goods.getGoods_id(), goods.getGoods_stock());
log.info("商品Id:{},在Redis中剩余库存数量:{}", goodsId, goods.getGoods_stock());
//释放锁
lock.releaseLock(LOCK_NAME, identifier);
return 1;
} else {
log.info("商品Id:{},库存不足!,库存数:{},购买量:{}", goodsId, goods_stock, goodsQuantity);
//释放锁
lock.releaseLock(LOCK_NAME, identifier);
return -1;
}
}
}
controller层
import com.springlock.service.SkillService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@Scope("prototype") //prototype 多实例,singleton单实例
public class SkillController {
@Autowired
SkillService skillService;
@RequestMapping("/skill")
public String skill() {
Integer count = skillService.seckill("1", 1L);
return count > 0 ? "下单成功" + count : "下单失败" + count;
}
}
把SpringBoot工程启动两台服务器,端口分别为8888、9999。启动8888端口后,修改配置文件端口为9999,启动另一个应用
然后使用jmeter进行并发测试,开两个线程组,分别代表两台服务器下单,1秒钟起20个线程,循环25次,总共下单1000次。
查看控制台输出:
注意:该锁在并发量太高的情况下,会出现一部分失败率。手动写的程序,因为操作的非原子性,会存在并发问题。该锁的实现只是为了演示原理,并不适用于生产。
jmeter聚合报告