Qt中调用gRPC
RPC是Remote Procedure Call的简称，中文叫远程过程调用。
gRPC是由 google开发的一个高性能、通用的开源RPC框架，主要面向移动应用开发且基于HTTP/2协议标准而设计，同时支持大多数流行的编程语言。
一.编译gRPC
操作系统：windows 10
Qt：5.12.10 MinGW64
CMake：3.13.3
NASM：2.16
这里因为项目需要，编译MinGW64版本的gRPC。Qt安装完成后将下列路径添加到环境变量：
D:\Qt\Qt5.12.10\Tools\mingw730_64\bin
D:\Qt\Qt5.12.10\5.12.10\mingw73_64\bin
1.克隆源码
grpc源码地址：https://github.com/grpc/grpc
git clone [email protected]:grpc/grpc.gitgrpc源码下载完后，找到源码根目录下的.gitmodules文件，文件中是grpc编译所需要的子模块，将文件中的url由https地址改为ssh地址，即将https://替换为git@，将.com/替换为.com: 不这么做的话，很多子模块都会下载失败。
替换完成后的文件如下所示：
[submodule "third_party/abseil-cpp"]
path = third_party/abseil-cpp
url = [email protected]:abseil/abseil-cpp.git
[submodule "third_party/benchmark"]
path = third_party/benchmark
url = [email protected]:google/benchmark
[submodule "third_party/bloaty"]
path = third_party/bloaty
url = [email protected]:google/bloaty.git
[submodule "third_party/boringssl-with-bazel"]
path = third_party/boringssl-with-bazel
url = [email protected]:google/boringssl.git
[submodule "third_party/cares/cares"]
path = third_party/cares/cares
url = [email protected]:c-ares/c-ares.git
[submodule "third_party/envoy-api"]
path = third_party/envoy-api
url = [email protected]:envoyproxy/data-plane-api.git
[submodule "third_party/googleapis"]
path = third_party/googleapis
url = [email protected]:googleapis/googleapis.git
[submodule "third_party/googletest"]
path = third_party/googletest
url = [email protected]:google/googletest.git
[submodule "third_party/libuv"]
path = third_party/libuv
url = [email protected]:libuv/libuv.git
[submodule "third_party/opencensus-proto"]
path = third_party/opencensus-proto
url = [email protected]:census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto.git
[submodule "third_party/opentelemetry"]
path = third_party/opentelemetry
url = [email protected]:open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto.git
[submodule "third_party/protobuf"]
path = third_party/protobuf
url = [email protected]:protocolbuffers/protobuf.git
[submodule "third_party/protoc-gen-validate"]
path = third_party/protoc-gen-validate
url = [email protected]:envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate.git
[submodule "third_party/re2"]
path = third_party/re2
url = [email protected]:google/re2.git
[submodule "third_party/xds"]
path = third_party/xds
url = [email protected]:cncf/xds.git
[submodule "third_party/zlib"]
path = third_party/zlib
url = [email protected]:madler/zlib
# When using CMake to build, the zlib submodule ends up with a
# generated file that makes Git consider the submodule dirty. This
# state can be ignored for day-to-day development on gRPC.
ignore = dirty
接着下载子模块
cd grpc
git submodule update --init
#如果某个子模块下载失败，则可多次执行下方命令
git submodule update --recursive2.CMake构建
在grpc目录下新建mingw64文件夹，打开CMake，选择源码路径和构建路径
点击Configure按钮，在弹出框中选择MinGW Makefiles，点击Finish按钮
配置完成，显示Configuring done。需要注意的是必须安装NASM，否则会Configure失败
点击Generate按钮，生成Makefile文件，显示Generating done。记住图中的几个路径，是gRPC最终安装的位置
3.编译
以管理员身份打开Qt 5.12.10（MinGW 7.3.0 64-bit），因为gPRC安装的路径在C盘，不用管理员身份可能会安装失败，提示如下错误：
CMake Error at cmake_install.cmake:36 (file):
file cannot create directory: C:/Program Files (x86)/grpc/lib. Maybe need
administrative privileges.
进入mingw64目录
mingw32-make
我这编译的时候遇到了3个错误
①D:\grpc\src\core\lib\event_engine\tcp_socket_utils.cc:279:64: error: invalid conversion from 'const void*' to 'PVOID {aka void*}' [-fpermissive]
inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, ip, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)) != nullptr) {
解决方法：打开tcp_socket_utils.cc，将ip强制转换为void *
inet_ntop(addr->sa_family, (void *)ip, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)) != nullptr) {
②D:\grpc\src\core\lib\event_engine\windows\iocp.cc:143:46: error: 'WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT' was not declared in this scope
wsa_socket_flags | WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
D:\grpc\src\core\lib\event_engine\windows\iocp.cc:143:46: note: suggested alternative: 'UNW_FLAG_NHANDLER'
wsa_socket_flags | WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT);
解决方法：打开iocp.cc，将WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT改为0x80
DWORD IOCP::WSASocketFlagsInit() {
DWORD wsa_socket_flags = WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED;
/* WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT may be not supported on the older Windows
versions, see
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms742212(v=vs.85).aspx
for details. */
SOCKET sock = WSASocket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, NULL, 0,
wsa_socket_flags | 0x80);
if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
/* Windows 7, Windows 2008 R2 with SP1 or later */
wsa_socket_flags |= 0x80;
closesocket(sock);
}
return wsa_socket_flags;
}之所以这样改，是因为枚举WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT的值就是0x80，如下图所示
③D:/grpc/third_party/protobuf/src/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h:124:29: error: temporary of non-literal type 'google::protobuf::internal::CallOnceInitializedMutex
constexpr WrappedMutex() {}
解决方法：这是由于protobuf的版本太高导致的，需手动下载protobuf-all-3.16.3，拷贝到./grpc/third_party/protobuf中，重新编译即可
4.安装
mingw32-make install
二.调用gRPC
grpc编译完后，在C:\Program Files (x86)\grpc目录下有编译好的grpc的应用程序、库文件、头文件。将地址C:\Program Files (x86)\grpc\bin添加到环境变量
1.编写.proto文件，生成cpp文件
新建文件helloworld.proto，输入如下内容
syntax = "proto3";
package helloworld;
// The greeting service definition.
service Greeter {
// Sends a greeting
rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}
// The request message containing the user's name.
message HelloRequest {
string name = 1;
}
// The response message containing the greetings
message HelloReply {
string greeting = 1;
}打开cmd，进入helloworld.proto文件所在目录，依次执行如下命令
protoc.exe ./helloworld.proto --cpp_out=./
protoc.exe ./helloworld.proto --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc="C:/Program Files (x86)/grpc/bin/grpc_cpp_plugin.exe" --grpc_out=./生成如下四个pb文件
helloworld.pb.h
helloworld.pb.cc
helloworld.grpc.pb.h
helloworld.grpc.pb.cc
2.客户端
在Qt中新建控制台工程GRPC_Client，将上面的四个pb文件添加到工程中，main.cpp修改为如下所示
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
using grpc::Channel;
using grpc::ClientContext;
using grpc::Status;
using helloworld::Greeter;
using helloworld::HelloReply;
using helloworld::HelloRequest;
class GreeterClient {
public:
GreeterClient(std::shared_ptr channel)
: stub_(Greeter::NewStub(channel)) {}
// Assembles the client's payload, sends it and presents the response back
// from the server.
std::string SayHello(const std::string& user) {
// Data we are sending to the server.
HelloRequest request;
request.set_name(user);
// Container for the data we expect from the server.
HelloReply reply;
// Context for the client. It could be used to convey extra information to
// the server and/or tweak certain RPC behaviors.
ClientContext context;
// The actual RPC.
Status status = stub_->SayHello(&context, request, &reply);
// Act upon its status.
if (status.ok()) {
return reply.greeting();
} else {
std::cout << status.error_code() << ": " << status.error_message()
<< std::endl;
return "RPC failed";
}
}
private:
std::unique_ptr stub_;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
GreeterClient greeter(
grpc::CreateChannel("localhost:50051", grpc::InsecureChannelCredentials()));
std::string user("world");
std::string reply = greeter.SayHello(user);
std::cout << "Greeter received: " << reply << std::endl;
return a.exec();
} 3.服务端
在Qt中新建控制台工程GRPC_Server，将上面的四个pb文件添加到工程中，main.cpp修改为如下所示
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "helloworld.grpc.pb.h"
using grpc::Server;
using grpc::ServerBuilder;
using grpc::ServerContext;
using grpc::Status;
using helloworld::Greeter;
using helloworld::HelloReply;
using helloworld::HelloRequest;
// Logic and data behind the server's behavior.
class GreeterServiceImpl final : public Greeter::Service {
Status SayHello(ServerContext* context, const HelloRequest* request,
HelloReply* reply) override {
std::string prefix("Hello ");
reply->set_greeting(prefix + request->name());
return Status::OK;
}
};
void RunServer() {
std::string server_address("0.0.0.0:50051");
GreeterServiceImpl service;
grpc::EnableDefaultHealthCheckService(true);
grpc::reflection::InitProtoReflectionServerBuilderPlugin();
ServerBuilder builder;
// Listen on the given address without any authentication mechanism.
builder.AddListeningPort(server_address, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
// Register "service" as the instance through which we'll communicate with
// clients. In this case it corresponds to an *synchronous* service.
builder.RegisterService(&service);
// Finally assemble the server.
std::unique_ptr server(builder.BuildAndStart());
std::cout << "Server listening on " << server_address << std::endl;
// Wait for the server to shutdown. Note that some other thread must be
// responsible for shutting down the server for this call to ever return.
server->Wait();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
RunServer();
return a.exec();
} 4.pro文件配置
GRPC_Client.pro和GRPC_Server.pro中都要添加如下内容
GRPC_HOME="C:/Program Files (x86)/grpc"
INCLUDEPATH += $$GRPC_HOME/include
LIBS += -L$$GRPC_HOME/lib -lgrpc++ -lgrpc -lgpr -lgrpc_plugin_support -lgrpc_unsecure -lgrpc++_alts \
-lgrpc++_error_details -lgrpc++_reflection -lgrpc++_unsecure -lgrpcpp_channelz -laddress_sorting \
-lcares -labsl_bad_any_cast_impl -labsl_bad_optional_access -labsl_bad_variant_access -labsl_civil_time \
-labsl_cordz_info -labsl_cord -labsl_cordz_functions -labsl_cordz_handle -labsl_cord_internal \
-labsl_cordz_sample_token -labsl_exponential_biased -labsl_flags -labsl_flags_commandlineflag \
-labsl_flags_commandlineflag_internal -labsl_flags_config -labsl_flags_internal -labsl_flags_marshalling \
-labsl_flags_parse -labsl_flags_private_handle_accessor -labsl_flags_program_name -labsl_flags_reflection \
-labsl_flags_usage -labsl_flags_usage_internal -labsl_synchronization -labsl_graphcycles_internal -labsl_hash \
-labsl_city -labsl_hashtablez_sampler -labsl_log_severity -labsl_low_level_hash -labsl_periodic_sampler \
-labsl_random_internal_pool_urbg -labsl_random_internal_seed_material -labsl_random_internal_randen_hwaes_impl \
-labsl_random_distributions -labsl_random_internal_distribution_test_util -labsl_random_internal_platform \
-labsl_random_internal_randen -labsl_random_internal_randen_hwaes -labsl_random_internal_randen_slow \
-labsl_random_seed_gen_exception -labsl_random_seed_sequences -labsl_raw_hash_set -labsl_scoped_set_env \
-labsl_spinlock_wait -labsl_status -labsl_statusor -labsl_str_format_internal -labsl_strerror -labsl_symbolize \
-labsl_failure_signal_handler -labsl_examine_stack -labsl_stacktrace -labsl_leak_check \
-labsl_debugging_internal -labsl_demangle_internal -labsl_strings -labsl_strings_internal -labsl_malloc_internal \
-labsl_raw_logging_internal -labsl_throw_delegate -labsl_time -labsl_time_zone -labsl_int128 -labsl_base -lre2 \
-lupb -lprotobuf -llibprotoc -lzlib.dll -lssl -lcrypto -ldbghelp
LIBS += -lWS2_32 -lAdvapi32 -lbcrypt
DEFINES += _WIN32_WINNT=0x600注：GRPC_HOME=“C:/Program Files (x86)/grpc” 路径加引号的原因是路径中存在空格
5.运行
先运行GRPC_Server，再运行GRPC_Client，结果如下所示
参考链接： https://blog.csdn.net/u014340533/article/details/125539126
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/caoshangpa/article/details/128402625