Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记

触摸事件是如何触发并传递到view的?

触摸事件来源的大致流程:

事件来源:

手指触摸屏幕时,即产生了触摸信息。这个触摸信息由屏幕这个硬件产生,被系统底层驱动获取,交给Android的输入系统服务:InputManagerService,也就是IMS

IMS会对这个触摸信息进行处理,经过WMS找到要分发的window,随后发送给对应的viewRootImpl。因此发送触摸信息的并非WMS,WMS提供的是window的相关信息。

当viewRootImpl接收到触摸信息时,也正是应用程序进程事件分发的开始。

Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记_第1张图片

事件是如何到达Activity的 ?

事件分发:
DecorView -> Activity -> PhoneWindow -> DecorView
当屏幕被触摸input系统事件从Native层分发Framework层的InputEventReceiver.dispachInputEvent()调用了

  • ViewRootImpl.WindowInputEventReceiver.dispachInputEvent()->
  • ViewRootImpl中的DecorView.dispatchTouchEvent->Window.Callback.dispatchTouchEvent(ev) or super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev)
  • Activity.dispatchTouchEvent->getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev) “PhoneWindow
  • window.superDispatchTouchEvent()->mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event)
  • DecorView.superDispatchTouchEvent()->super.dispatchTouchEvent(event)
  • Viewgroup.dispatchTouchEvent()

android的view管理是以window为单位的,每一个window对应一个view树。Window机制不只管理着view的显示,也负责view的事件分发。关于window的本质,能够阅读笔者的另外一篇文章window机制。研究事件分发的来源,须要从window机制入手。布局

因此,首先要了解一个概念:view树,即viewRootImpl。
每一棵view树都有一个根,叫作ViewRootImpl ,他负责管理这整一棵view树的绘制、事件分发等。因此能够说,事件分发是从viewRootImpl开始的。

应用界面通常会有多个view树,activity布局就是一个view树、其余应用的悬浮窗也是一个view树、dialog界面也是一个view树、使用windowManager添加的view也是一个view树等等。最简单的view树能够只有一个view。

android中view的绘制和事件分发,都是以view树为单位。每一棵view树,则为一个window 。系统服务WindowManagerService,管理界面的显示就是以window为单位,也能够说是以view树为单位。而view树是由viewRootImpl来负责管理的,因此能够说,wms(WindowManagerService的简写)管理的是viewRootImpl。
Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记_第2张图片
对上图作个简单解释。

  • wms是运行在系统服务进程的,负责管理全部应用的window。应用程序与wms的通讯必须经过Binder进行跨进程通讯。
  • 每一个viewRootImpl在wms中都有一个windowState对应,wms能够经过windowState找到对应的viewRootImpl进行管理

了解window机制的一个重要缘由是:事件分发并非由Activity驱动的,而是由系统服务驱动viewRootImpl来进行分

viewRootImpl是如何分发事件的?

1、viewRootImpl会直接调用管理的view的 dispatchTouchEvent 方法,根据具体的view的类型,调用具体的方法。
2、view树的根view多是一个view,也多是一个viewGroup,view会直接处理事件,而viewGroup则会进行分发。
3、DecorView重写了 dispatchTouchEvent 方法,会先判断是否存在callBack,优先调用callBack的方法,也就是把事件传递给了Activity。
4、其余的viewGroup子类会根据自身的逻辑进行事件分发。

所以,触摸事件必定是从Activity开始的吗?不是,Activity只是其中的一种状况,只有Activity本身负责的那一棵view树,才必定会到达activity,而其余的window,则不会通过Activity。触摸事件是从viewRootImpl开始,而不是Activity。

Activity的这个方法从哪儿调用的呢?
Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记_第3张图片
Activity 的dispatchTouchEvent()事件:

 /**
     * Called to process touch screen events.  You can override this to
     * intercept all touch screen events before they are dispatched to the
     * window.  Be sure to call this implementation for touch screen events
     * that should be handled normally.
     *
     * @param ev The touch screen event.
     *
     * @return boolean Return true if this event was consumed.
     */
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();
        }
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }

DecorView会调用superDispatchTouchEvent方法:

 public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
        return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
    }

因为DecorView是一个FrameLayout,它最终还是调用了我们熟悉的ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()

所谓的事件分发,本质上就是一个递归函数的调用,这个递归函数就是dispatchTouchEvent,至于onIntercepterTouchEvent,onTouchEvent,OnTouchListener,onClickListener…balabala都是在这个递归函数里面的操作而已,最核心,最骨干的还是dispatchTouchEvent。

事件分发的一个原则:一个view消费了某一个触点的down事件后,该触点事件序列的后续事件,都由该view消费

ViewGroup的事件分发

 @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
        }
		//如果事件以无障碍焦点的View为目标,并且此View就是那个无障碍焦点View则开始
        //正常事件分发。
        // If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
        // normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
        if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }

        boolean handled = false;
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
            /**
             * 第一步:对于ACTION_DOWN进行处理(Handle an initial down)
             * 因为ACTION_DOWN是一系列事件的开端,当是ACTION_DOWN时进行一些初始化操作.
             * 从源码的注释也可以看出来:清除以往的Touch状态(state)开始新的手势(gesture)
             * cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev)中有一个非常重要的操作:
             * 将mFirstTouchTarget设置为null!!!!
             * 随后在resetTouchState()中重置Touch状态标识
             **/
            // Handle an initial down.
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
                // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
                // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                resetTouchState();
            }

			/**
			 * 第二步:检查是否要拦截(Check for interception)
			 * 在哪些情况下会调用该代码呢?有如下几种情况
			 * 1 处理ACTION_DOWN事件
			 * 2 当ACTION_DOWN事件被子View消费后处理ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP时
			 *  会调用该代码。因为此时mFirstTouchTarget!=null。所以此时ViewGroup
			 *  是有机会拦截ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP的,但是我们也可以调用方法:
			 *  requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent来禁止ViewGroup的事件拦截.
			 *  如果子View没有消费Touch事件,那么那么当后续的ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP
			 *  到来时是不会调用到本处代码的.
			 *  
			 * 在dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEventev)这一大段代码中
			 * 使用变量intercepted来标记ViewGroup是否拦截Touch事件的传递.
			 * 该变量在后续代码中起着很重要的作用.
			 * 
			 * 从此处if(actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null)及其内部代码可知:
			 * 当ViewGroup决定拦截事件后,那么后续的点击事件将会默认交给它处理,不再调用
			 * onInterceptTouchEvent()判断是否需要拦截.
			 * 这个是为什么?
			 * 因为在处理ACTION_DOWN时如果Touch事件被子View消费,那么mFirstTouchTarget不为空;
			 * 反之,如果Touch事件没有被子View消费,那么mFirstTouchTarget为空,即此时Touch由当前
			 * 的ViewGroup拦截。此时当ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP来到时,不再满足:
			 * if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null)
			 * 当然也就无法调用其内部的onInterceptTouchEvent()。
			 * 通俗地说:一旦ViewGroup拦截了ACTION_DOWN事件由自身的onTouchEvent()处理,那么
			 * 对于后续的ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP而言ViewGroup不再调用onInterceptTouchEvent()
			 * 判断是否拦截.
			 * 
			 * 这里有个东西需要注意:FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT
			 * 在子View中调用requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()后造成disallowIntercept为true
			 * 即禁止拦截.于是不满足if(!disallowIntercept)所以也就调用不到该if内的onInterceptTouchEvent()
			 * 自然就没有办法拦截了.
			 * 但是requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()对于ACTION_DOWN是无效的.
			 * 因为对于ACTION_DOWN会调用 cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev)和resetTouchState();
			 * 对FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT等状态值复原重置(参考上面的代码)
			 * 
			 * 举两种情况说明:
			 * 1 当处理ACTION_DOWN时当然会满足
			 *  if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null)
			 *  对于ACTION_DOWN子View有两种处理结果
			 *  1.1 消耗了Touch事件,那么mFirstTouchTarget不为null.
			 *      所以处理后续的ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP时依然满足该if判断
			 *  1.2 没有消耗Touch事件.mFirstTouchTarget=null.不满足该if.
			 *      所以后续的ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP由ViewGroup处理,此时再讨论什么拦截也就没有意义了.
			 *      同样的道理当子View消费了ACTION_DOWN后当处理ACTION_MOVE的时候ViewGroup拦截了该事件
			 *      那么当ACTION_UP随之到来时由于mFirstTouchTarget=null所以不会再调用该段代码,自然也就
			 *      不会调用onInterceptTouchEvent()判断是否拦截了.这点在上面的注释也有提及
			 * 2 当出现1.1的情况时满足该if判断.
			 *  如果在子View中调用了requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()那么就禁止拦截
			 *  即disallowIntercept=true.所以不满足if (!disallowIntercept)当然也就调用不到
			 *  onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)了,而是执行else{ intercepted = false;}
			 *  也就是说ViewGroup无法拦截Touch了.
			 */

            // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            // 事件为ACTION_DOWN或者mFirstTouchTarget不为null(即已经找到能够接收touch事件的目标组件)时if成立
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                    
            	//判断disallowIntercept(禁止拦截)标志位,可以理解为一个是否允许ViewGroup拦截的开关
				//因为在其他地方可能调用了requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()设置mGroupFlags 改变该值.
				//对于此方法的作用其实看requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()这个方法名就可明白了
                //disallowIntercept 默认值为FALSE
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                //当禁止拦截为false时(即disallowIntercept为false)调用onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)方法
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                
                	//既然disallowIntercept为false那么就调用onInterceptTouchEvent()方法将结果赋值给intercepted
                	//常说事件传递中的流程是:dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->onTouchEvent
                	//其实在这就是一个体现,在dispatchTouchEvent()中调用了onInterceptTouchEvent()
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                
                	//禁止拦截的FLAG为ture说明没有必要去执行是否需要拦截了能够顺利通过,所以设置拦截变量为false
                	//即当禁止拦截为true时(即disallowIntercept为true)设置intercepted = false
                    //父view无法拦截事件
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
            
            	//当事件不是ACTION_DOWN并且mFirstTouchTarget为null(即没有Touch的目标组件)时
            	//设置 intercepted = true表示ViewGroup执行Touch事件拦截的操作。
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }

            // If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
            // a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
            if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
            }

            /**
             * 第三步:检查cancel(Check for cancelation)
             * 
             */
            // Check for cancelation.
            final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
            final boolean isMouseEvent = ev.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE;
             /**
             * 第四步:事件分发(Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed)
             */

            final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0
                    && !isMouseEvent;
            TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
            boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
            //不是ACTION_CANCEL并且ViewGroup的拦截标志位intercepted为false(不拦截)
            if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
                // If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
                // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
                // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
                // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
                // state since these events are very rare.
                View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                        ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
                //处理ACTION_DOWN事件.这个环节比较繁琐
                if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                    final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                    final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                            : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                    // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
                    // have become out of sync.
                    removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                    final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
                    // 依据Touch坐标寻找子View来接收Touch事件
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                        final float x =
                                isMouseEvent ? ev.getXCursorPosition() : ev.getX(actionIndex);
                        final float y =
                                isMouseEvent ? ev.getYCursorPosition() : ev.getY(actionIndex);
                        // Find a child that can receive the event.
                        // Scan children from front to back.
                        final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
                        final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                        final View[] children = mChildren;
                         // 遍历子View判断哪个子View接受Touch事件
                        for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                    childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                            final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                    preorderedList, children, childIndex);
                            if (!child.canReceivePointerEvents()
                                    || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                            
                            	// 找到接收Touch事件的子View!!!!!!!即为newTouchTarget.
                            	// 既然已经找到了,所以执行break跳出for循环
                                // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                                // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                                newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                                break;
                            }

                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            
                            /**
                             * 如果上面的if不满足,当然也不会执行break语句.
                             * 于是代码会执行到这里来.
                             * 
                             * 
                             * 调用方法dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()将Touch事件传递给子View做
                             * 递归处理(也就是遍历该子View的View树)
                             * 该方法很重要,看一下源码中关于该方法的描述:
                             * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
                             * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
                             * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
                             * 将Touch事件传递给特定的子View.
                             * 该方法十分重要!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                             * 在该方法中为一个递归调用,会递归调用dispatchTouchEvent()方法!!!!!!!!!!
                             * 在dispatchTouchEvent()中:
                             * 如果子View为ViewGroup并且Touch没有被拦截那么递归调用dispatchTouchEvent()
                             * 如果子View为View那么就会调用其onTouchEvent(),这个不再赘述.
                             * 
                             * 
                             * 该方法返回true则表示子View消费掉该事件,同时进入该if判断.
                             * 满足if语句后重要的操作有:
                             * 1 给newTouchTarget赋值
                             * 2 给alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget赋值为true.
                             *   看这个比较长的英语名字也可知其含义:已经将Touch派发给新的TouchTarget
                             * 3 执行break.
                             *   因为该for循环遍历子View判断哪个子View接受Touch事件,既然已经找到了
                             *   那么就跳出该for循环.
                             * 4 注意:
                             *   如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()返回false即子View的onTouchEvent返回false
                             *   (即Touch事件未被消费)那么就不满足该if条件.所以也就无法执行addTouchTarget().
                             *   在此简单说一下addTouchTarget()中涉及到的ViewGroup的一个内部类TouchTarget——它是一个事件链.
                             *   该处的mFirstTouchTarget就是一个TouchTarget.它保存了可以消耗Touch事件的View.
                             *   在该处,如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()返回true即子View的onTouchEvent返回true则说明
                             *   该View消耗了Touch事件,那么将该View加入到事件链中!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                             *   尤其注意:
                             *   这个操作是在处理ACTION_DOWN的代码块里进行的.即是在:
                             *    if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN|| 
                             *    (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN) || 
                             *    actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE)
                             *    这个大的if判断中处理的.
                             *    当处理ACTION_MOVE事件和ACTION_UP事件的时候是不会进入这个if判断的!!!!!
                             *    而是直接从去判断mFirstTouchTarget!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                             *    所以如果一个View不处理ACTION_DOWN那么该,那么该View是不会保存在mFirstTouchTarget
                             *    中的,也就无法继续处理ACTION_MOVE事件和ACTION_UP事件!!!!!!!!!!即若该View不消耗
                             *    ACTION_DOWN事件那么系统是不会讲ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP事件传给给该View的
                             * 5 注意:
                             *   如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()返回true即子View
                             *   的onTouchEvent返回true(即Touch事件被消费)那么就满足该if条件.
                             *   从而mFirstTouchTarget不为null!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
                             * 6 小结:
                             *   对于此处ACTION_DOWN的处理具体体现在dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()
                             *   该方法返回boolean,如下:
                             *   true---->事件被消费----->mFirstTouchTarget!=null
                             *   false--->事件未被消费--->mFirstTouchTarget==null
                             *   因为在dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()会调用递归调用dispatchTouchEvent()和onTouchEvent()
                             *   所以dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()的返回值实际上是由onTouchEvent()决定的.
                             *   
                             *   简单地说onTouchEvent()是否消费了Touch事件(true or false)的返回值决定了
                             *   dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()的返回值!!!!从而决定了mFirstTouchTarget是否为null!!!!!!
                             *   从而进一步决定了ViewGroup是否处理Touch事件.这一点在下面的代码中很有体现.
                             */

                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                                // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                if (preorderedList != null) {
                                    // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
                                    for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                                        if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                            mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                                }
                                mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                                mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                                
                                //调用addTouchTarget()将child添加到mFirstTouchTarget链表的表头
                                //注意在addTouchTarget()方法内部会对mFirstTouchTarget操作,使其不为null

                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }

                            // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
                            // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                        }
                        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                    }
                     /**
                     * 该if条件表示:
                     * 经过前面的for循环没有找到子View接收Touch事件并且之前的mFirstTouchTarget不为空
                     */
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                        // Did not find a child to receive the event.
                        // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
                        newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                        
                        while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                        //newTouchTarget指向了最初的TouchTarget
                            newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                        }
                        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                    }
                }
            }

            /**
             * 经过上面对于ACTION_DOWN的处理后mFirstTouchTarget有两种情况:
             * (当然如果不是ACTION_DOWN就不会经过上面较繁琐的流程而是从此处开始执行,比如ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP)
             * 
             * 情况1 mFirstTouchTarget为null
             *       即没有找到能够消费touch事件的子组件或者是touch事件被拦截了
             * 情况2 mFirstTouchTarget不为null
             *       即找到了能够消费touch事件的子组件则后续的touch事件都可以传递到子View
             * 这两种情况的详细分析见下.
             * 
             * 这两种情况下都会去调用方法:
             * dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event,boolean cancel,View child,int desiredPointerIdBits)
             * 我们重点关注该方法的第三个参数View child.
             * 详情请参加下面dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()源码分析
             * 在该源码中解释了:
             * 为什么子view对于Touch事件处理返回true那么其上层的ViewGroup就无法处理Touch事件了!!!!!!!!!
             * 为什么子view对于Touch事件处理返回false那么其上层的ViewGroup才可以处理Touch事件!!!!!!!!!!
             * 
             */

            // Dispatch to touch targets.
            if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
                // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
                handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
            } else {
            
            	/**
            	 * 情况2:mFirstTouchTarget不为null
            	 * 即找到了可以消费Touch事件的子View且后续Touch事件可以传递到该子View
            	 * 在源码中的注释为:
            	 * Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already dispatched to it.  
            	 * Cancel touch targets if necessary.
            	 */

                // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
                // dispatched to it.  Cancel touch targets if necessary.
                TouchTarget predecessor = null;
                TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
                while (target != null) {
                    final TouchTarget next = target.next;
                    if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
                        
                    	//如果前面利用ACTION_DOWN事件寻找符合接收条件的子组件的同时消费掉了ACTION_DOWN事件
                    	//那么这里为handled赋值为true
                        handled = true;
                    } else {
                    
                        //对于非ACTION_DOWN事件继续传递给目标子组件进行处理
                        //依然是递归调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()
                        final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
                                || intercepted;
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                                target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
                            handled = true;
                        }
                        if (cancelChild) {
                            if (predecessor == null) {
                                mFirstTouchTarget = next;
                            } else {
                                predecessor.next = next;
                            }
                            target.recycle();
                            target = next;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    predecessor = target;
                    target = next;
                }
            }

            /**
             * 处理ACTION_UP和ACTION_CANCEL
             * Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
             * 在此主要的操作是还原状态
             */

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
            if (canceled
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                resetTouchState();
            } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
                final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
                final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
                removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
            }
        }

        if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
        }
        return handled;
    }
    /**
     * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
     * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
     * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
     */
     
    /**
     * 在dispatchTouchEvent()中会调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()将事件分发给子View处理
     * 
     * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
     * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
     * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
     * 
     * 在此请着重注意第三个参数:View child
     * 在dispatchTouchEvent()中多次调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(),但是有时候第三个参数为null,有时又不是.
     * 那么这个参数是否为null有什么区别呢?
     * 在如下dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()源码中可见多次对于child是否为null的判断,并且均做出如下类似的操作:
     * if (child == null) {
     *       handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
     *    } else {
     *       handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
     * }
     * 这个代码是什么意思呢?
     * 
     * 当child == null时会将Touch事件传递给该ViewGroup自身的dispatchTouchEvent()处理.
     * 即super.dispatchTouchEvent(event)
     * 正如源码中的注释描述的一样:
     * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
     * 
     * 当child != null时会调用该子view(当然该view可能是一个View也可能是一个ViewGroup)的dispatchTouchEvent(event)处理.
     * 即child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
     * 
     * 那么该child是否为null又是由什么决定的呢?
     * 在dispatchTouchEvent()中已经知道了:
     * 如果Touch事件被消耗掉那么child不为null
     * 如果Touch事件未被消耗掉那么child为null
     * 
     * 这就解释了:
     * 为什么子view对于Touch事件处理返回true那么其上层的ViewGroup就无法处理Touch事件了!!!!!!!!!
     * 为什么子view对于Touch事件处理返回false那么其上层的ViewGroup才可以处理Touch事件!!!!!!!!!!
     */

    private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
            View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;

        // Canceling motions is a special case.  We don't need to perform any transformations
        // or filtering.  The important part is the action, not the contents.
        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }

        // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
        final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
        final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;

        // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
        // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
        if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
        // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
        // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
        // Otherwise we need to make a copy.
        final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
        if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
            if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                if (child == null) {
                    handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
                } else {
                    final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
                    final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
                    event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);

                    handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

                    event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
                }
                return handled;
            }
            transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
        } else {
            transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
        }

        // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
        if (child == null) {
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        } else {
            final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
            final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
            transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
            if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
            }

            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        }

        // Done.
        transformedEvent.recycle();
        return handled;
    }

Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记_第4张图片

View事件分发

    /**
     * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
     * view if it is the target.
     *
     * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
     * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        //判断当前事件是否能获得焦点,如果不能获得焦点或者不存在一个View,那我们就直接返回False跳出循环
        // If the event should be handled by accessibility focus first.
        if (event.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()) {
            // We don't have focus or no virtual descendant has it, do not handle the event.
            if (!isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
                return false;
            }
            // We have focus and got the event, then use normal event dispatch.
            event.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }
        boolean result = false;
        //这段是系统调试方面,可以直接忽略
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
        }

        final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            // Defensive cleanup for new gesture
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }

            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
        }

        if (!result && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
        }

        // Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
        // also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
        // of the gesture.
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
                actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
                (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        return result;
    }

负责对事件进行分发的方法主要有三个,分别是:

  • dispatchTouchEvent()
  • onTouchEvent()
  • onInterceptTouchEvent()。
    Android-Touch事件分发机制流程及源码解析笔记_第5张图片

Down事件的分发决定了那个view要捕获事件,如果捕获了,后续的事件就直接分发给它,也就是说move up等事件的分发交给谁,取决于它们的起始事件Down由谁捕获。

//本源码来自 api 28,不同版本略有不同。
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
    // 第一步:处理拦截
   boolean intercepted;  
     // 注意这个条件,后者代表着有子view消费事件。后面会讲
   if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
    // 子view调用了parent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent干预父布局的拦截,不让它爸拦截它
       final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
       if (!disallowIntercept) {
             intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
             ev.setAction(action); 
         } else {
             intercepted = false;
         }
     } else {
        //既不是DOWN事件,mFirstTouchTarget还是null,这种情况挺常见:如果ViewGroup的所有的子View都不消费				//事件,那么当ACTION_MOVE等非DOWN事件到来时,都被拦截了。
         intercepted = true;
     }

    // 第二步,分发ACTION_DOWN
    boolean handled = false;
    boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false; //注意这个变量,会用到
   // 不拦截才会分发它,如果拦截了,就不分发ACTION_DOWN了
    if (!intercepted) {
        //处理DOWN事件,捕获第一个被触摸的mFirstTouchTarget,mFirstTouchTarget很重要,
        保存了消费了ACTION_DOWN事件的子view
        if (ev.getAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            //遍历所有子view(看源码知子View是按照Z轴排好序的)
            for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                //子view如果:1.不包含事件坐标 2. 在动画  则跳过
                if (!isTransformedTouchPointInView() || !canViewReceivePointerEvents()) {
                    continue;
                }
                //将事件传递给子view的坐标空间,并且判断该子view是否消费这个触摸事件(分发Down事件)
                if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()) {
                    //将该view加入头节点,并且赋值给mFirstTouchTarget
                    newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                    alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                    break;
                }

            }
        }
    }

        //第三步:分发非DOWN事件
        //如果没有子view捕获ACTION_DOWN,则交给本ViewGroup处理这个事件。我们看到,这里并没有判断是否拦截,
        //为什么呢?因为如果拦截的话,上面的代码不会执行,就会导致mFirstTouchTarget== null,于是就走下面第一         				//个条件里的逻辑了
        if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
            super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev); //调用View的dispatchTouchEvent,也就是自己处理
        } else {
            //遍历touchTargets链表,依次分发事件
            TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
            while (target != null) {
              	if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget) {
                  handled = true
                } else {
                  	if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()) {
                      handled = true;
                    }
                  target = target.next;
                }
            }
        }

        //处理ACTION_UP和CANCEL,手指抬起来以后相关变量重置
        if (ev.getAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
            reset();
        }
    }
    return handled;
}

总结:

1、IMS从系统底层接收到事件以后,会从WMS中获取window信息,并将事件信息发送给对应的viewRootImpl
2、viewRootImpl接收到事件信息,封装成motionEvent对象后,发送给管理的view
3、iew会根据自身的类型,对事件进行分发仍是本身处理
4、顶层viewGroup通常是DecorView,DecorView会根据自身callBack的状况,选择调用callBack或者调用父类ViewGroup的方法
5、事件分发分两步,拦截和分发,其中分发有两种情况,Down事件和非Down事件,down事件是事件链的起点,决定了要不要消费事件,而且将消费的子View保存下来给后面使用。如果所有的子View都不消费down事件或者压根没有子View,会使得mFirstTouchTarget为null,后面的所有事件就不再分发给子view了,直接由本view group处理。当然这里的交给本人处理,实际上可能它也不消费,会继续往上传,最终“归”到Activity处理。

参考资料:
Android全面解析之Window机制
https://juejin.cn/post/6888688477714841608

Android事件分发机制一:事件是如何到达activity的?
https://www.shangmayuan.com/a/5709df5f4765468ebe0903ee.html

Android事件分发流程总结
https://blog.csdn.net/murongyeye/article/details/116136700

Input系统-事件处理全过程

你真的看懂Android事件分发了吗?
https://www.cnblogs.com/jymblog/p/12178527.html

Android事件分发详解(三)——ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()源码学习
https://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl/article/details/50707724

Android事件分发机制二:viewGroup与view对事件的处理
https://www.cnblogs.com/huan89/archive/2021/01/22/14315809.html

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