一、安装依赖环境
输入命令:yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
二、下载Python3
1.进入opt文件目录下,cd opt/
2.下载python3 (安装自己需要的版本)
输入命令:wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz
(PS:由于直接下载速度很慢,我这里是直接在官网下载的安装包,然后上传到服务器的)
3.安装Python3
(1)创建目录: mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
(2)解压下载好的Python-3.x.x.tgz包: tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz
4.进入解压后的目录,编译安装。(编译安装前需要安装编译器yum install gcc)
(1)安装gcc
输入命令 yum install gcc,确认下载安装输入“y”
(2)3.7版本之后需要一个新的包libffi-devel
安装即可:yum install libffi-devel -y
(3)进入python文件夹,生成编译脚本(指定安装目录):
cd Python-3.7.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
#/usr/local/python3为上面步骤创建的目录
(4)编译:make
(5)编译成功后,编译安装:make install
(6)检查python3.7的编译器:/usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7
5.建立Python3和pip3的软链:
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
6.并将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH
(1) vim ~/.bash_profile
(2)按“i”,然后贴上下面内容:
# vim ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
export PATH
(3)按ESC,输入:wq回车退出。
(4)修改完记得执行行下面的命令,让上一步的修改生效: source ~/.bash_profile
7.检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用:
python3 -V
pip3 -V