Django外键构建及数据批量更新

1. 参考Django官方文档 外键构建 https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.2/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ForeignKey

2. 构建模型

# models.py 
from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Artist(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    ISSN = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    ImpactFactor = models.CharField(max_length=10)

class Album(models.Model):

    artist = models.ForeignKey(Artist, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    JournalName = models.CharField(max_length=20)

3. 无外键数据库数据批量上传 （此处只提供了关键代码）

from polls.models import Artist, Album

data = Artist.objects.all()
data.delete()

artist_batch_data = [ ]
issn_to_artist_id = {}
journal_set = set()
issn_set = set()
artist_id = 0
album_id = 0
with open(Journal_file) as f:
    f.readline()
    for line in f:
        issn, journal_name, journal_abbr, impact_factor, h_index, altmetric = line.strip().split('\t')
        if issn_to_artist_id.get(issn):
            artist_id = issn_to_artist_id[issn]
        else:
            issn_to_artist_id[issn] = len(issn_to_artist_id)
            artist_id = issn_to_artist_id[issn]

        artist_batch_data.append(Artist(name=journal_name,
                                        ISSN=issn,
                                        ImpactFactor=impact_factor,
                                        id=artist_id))
        journal_set.add(journal_name)
        issn_set.add(issn)

Artist.objects.bulk_create(artist_batch_data)
print(f'JournalInfo data size: {artist_id:,}')

3. 有外键的数据库数据更新

data = Album.objects.all()
data.delete()

journal_list = list(journal_set)[:10]
issn_list = list(issn_set)[:3]

album_batch_data = [ ]
for idx, journal_name in enumerate(journal_list):

    issn = issn_list[idx%3]
    artist_id = issn_to_artist_id[issn]
    album_batch_data.append(Album(artist_id=artist_id,
                                  JournalName=journal_name))

Artist.objects.bulk_create(album_batch_data)

表格结构

外键配置

4. 后记

（1）该文章记录的是一对多数据库外键构建，及artist_id可重复
（2）migration自动构建的数据库如下

包含外键设置的sqlite3数据库结构