[IOS开发进阶与实战]第一天:CoreData的运行机制
1.数据模型NSManagedObjectModel的建立
1.- (NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel
{
if (_managedObjectModel != nil) {
return _managedObjectModel;
}
NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"CoreDataApp" withExtension:@"momd"];//加载我们的 modeld文件 得到modelURL
_managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL]; //获得有实体类型的Model
return _managedObjectModel;
}
这里使用了懒加载,就是说第一次加载之后,以后就不会再次加载,除非这个模型被删除了.
然后根据我们文件中的 CoreDataApp.momd 文件名字进行加载,得到 模型的URL.
最后通过URL 就可以得到我们的 managedObjectModel.
2.持久化存储的设置(就相当于我们的所要存储地方的文件)
- (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator
{ //持久化存储控制器
if (_persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) {
return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
}
NSURL *storeURL = [[self applicationDocumentsDirectory] URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"CoreDataApp.sqlite"];//app的存储位置,得到存储位置的URL
NSError *error = nil;
_persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]];//加载上面的定义好的模型
if (![_persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeURL options:nil error:&error]) {
//设置存储方式,存储位置.得到定义好的 持久化存储位置
NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
abort();
}
return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
}
首先得到我们的存储位置,制作成 URL .然后依赖于模型 制作我们的持久化管理器.
然后把我们的存储位置植入到我们的持久化管理器中.对错误进行处理 .
3.
- (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext
{
if (_managedObjectContext != nil) {
return _managedObjectContext;
}
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
if (coordinator != nil) {
_managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; //加载我们的定义好的模型和持久化存储位置,得到我们的上下文.
[_managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
}
return _managedObjectContext;
}
4.
4.app中断时候的保存
- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application
{
// Saves changes in the application's managed object context before the application terminates.
[self saveContext];
}
- (void)saveContext
{
NSError *error = nil;
NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext = self.managedObjectContext;
if (managedObjectContext != nil) {
if ([managedObjectContext hasChanges] && ![managedObjectContext save:&error]) {
// Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
// abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
abort();
}
}
}
5.
//5.按钮的添加和事件触发
- (void)insertNewObject:(id)sender
{
NSManagedObjectContext *context = [self.fetchedResultsController managedObjectContext];
NSEntityDescription *entity = [[self.fetchedResultsController fetchRequest] entity];
NSManagedObject *newManagedObject = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:[entity name] inManagedObjectContext:context];
// If appropriate, configure the new managed object.
// Normally you should use accessor methods, but using KVC here avoids the need to add a custom class to the template.
[newManagedObject setValue:[NSDate date] forKey:@"timeStamp"];
// Save the context.
NSError *error = nil;
if (![context save:&error]) {
// Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
// abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
abort();
}
}
//6.请求控制器的实现
- (NSFetchedResultsController *)fetchedResultsController
{
if (_fetchedResultsController != nil) {
return _fetchedResultsController;
}
NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];//请求
// Edit the entity name as appropriate.
NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Event" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];//依赖上下文实体的名称
[fetchRequest setEntity:entity]; //对请求设置具体实体的描述
// Set the batch size to a suitable number.
[fetchRequest setFetchBatchSize:20]; //每次能够取出20条记录.
// Edit the sort key as appropriate.
NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"timeStamp" ascending:NO];//设置实体属性的key.设定排序规则
NSArray *sortDescriptors = @[sortDescriptor];
[fetchRequest setSortDescriptors:sortDescriptors];//添加实体的属性到请求中
// Edit the section name key path and cache name if appropriate.
// nil for section name key path means "no sections".
NSFetchedResultsController *aFetchedResultsController = [[NSFetchedResultsController alloc] initWithFetchRequest:fetchRequest managedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext sectionNameKeyPath:nil cacheName:@"Master"];//创建请求控制器.
aFetchedResultsController.delegate = self;
self.fetchedResultsController = aFetchedResultsController;
NSError *error = nil;
if (![self.fetchedResultsController performFetch:&error]) {
// Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
// abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
abort();
}
return _fetchedResultsController;
}
7.协议的实现
#pragma mark - Fetched results controller
- (NSFetchedResultsController *)fetchedResultsController
{
if (_fetchedResultsController != nil) {
return _fetchedResultsController;
}
NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];//请求
// Edit the entity name as appropriate.
NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Event" inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];//依赖上下文实体的名称
[fetchRequest setEntity:entity]; //对请求设置具体实体的描述
// Set the batch size to a suitable number.
[fetchRequest setFetchBatchSize:20];
// Edit the sort key as appropriate.
NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"timeStamp" ascending:NO];//设置实体的属性名称
NSArray *sortDescriptors = @[sortDescriptor];
[fetchRequest setSortDescriptors:sortDescriptors];//添加实体的属性到请求中
// Edit the section name key path and cache name if appropriate.
// nil for section name key path means "no sections".
NSFetchedResultsController *aFetchedResultsController = [[NSFetchedResultsController alloc] initWithFetchRequest:fetchRequest managedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext sectionNameKeyPath:nil cacheName:@"Master"];//创建请求控制器.
aFetchedResultsController.delegate = self;//NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate
self.fetchedResultsController = aFetchedResultsController;
NSError *error = nil;
if (![self.fetchedResultsController performFetch:&error]) {
// Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
// abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
abort();
}
return _fetchedResultsController;
}
- (void)controllerWillChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller
{
[self.tableView beginUpdates];
}
- (void)controller:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller didChangeSection:(id <NSFetchedResultsSectionInfo>)sectionInfo
atIndex:(NSUInteger)sectionIndex forChangeType:(NSFetchedResultsChangeType)type
{
switch(type) {
case NSFetchedResultsChangeInsert:
[self.tableView insertSections:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndex:sectionIndex] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeDelete:
[self.tableView deleteSections:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndex:sectionIndex] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
}
}
- (void)controller:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller didChangeObject:(id)anObject
atIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath forChangeType:(NSFetchedResultsChangeType)type
newIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)newIndexPath
{
UITableView *tableView = self.tableView;
switch(type) {
case NSFetchedResultsChangeInsert:
[tableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:@[newIndexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeDelete:
[tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeUpdate:
[self configureCell:[tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:indexPath] atIndexPath:indexPath];
break;
case NSFetchedResultsChangeMove:
[tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
[tableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:@[newIndexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
break;
}
}
- (void)controllerDidChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller
{
[self.tableView endUpdates];
}
/*
// Implementing the above methods to update the table view in response to individual changes may have performance implications if a large number of changes are made simultaneously. If this proves to be an issue, you can instead just implement controllerDidChangeContent: which notifies the delegate that all section and object changes have been processed.
- (void)controllerDidChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller
{
// In the simplest, most efficient, case, reload the table view.
[self.tableView reloadData];
}
*/
- (void)configureCell:(UITableViewCell *)cell atIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
NSManagedObject *object = [self.fetchedResultsController objectAtIndexPath:indexPath];
cell.textLabel.text = [[object valueForKey:@"timeStamp"] description];
}