多进程之间的互斥信号量实现(Linux和windows跨平台)

多线程之间实现互斥操作方式很多种,临界区(Critical Section),互斥量(Mutex),信号量(Semaphore),事件(Event)等方式

其中临界区,互斥量,信号量算是严格意义的实现互斥操作的,事件应该说算是一种线程间的通信机制来保证互斥

在多线程中,可以直接将这些变量定义为全局的,然后在不同的线程中使用,那么多进程环境就不行了。

多进程如果要实现多共享资源的互斥操作,只能使用互斥量(Mutex)

Mutex分为命名和匿名互斥量,进程间只能使用命名方式。

windows下面的操作函数为:CreateMutex,WaitForSingleObject,ReleaseMutex,CloseHandle

linux下面的操作函数为:sem_open,sem_wait,sem_post,sem_close(关闭当前进程中的互斥量句柄,内核中仍然存在),sem_unlink(从内核中移除互斥量)

下面封装了一个跨平台实现多进程互斥操作的类,我自己测试过,可以拿来使用:

ProcessMutex.h文件:
 1 #ifndef __PROCESS_MUTEX_H__  2 #define __PROCESS_MUTEX_H__

 3 

 4 #ifdef WIN32  5 #include <Windows.h>

 6 #endif

 7 

 8 #ifdef linux  9 #include <unistd.h>

10 #include <semaphore.h>

11 #include <stdio.h>

12 #include <fcntl.h>

13 #include <signal.h>

14 #include <string.h>

15 #include <memory.h>

16 #endif

17 

18 class CProcessMutex 19 { 20 public: 21     /* 默认创建匿名的互斥 */

22     CProcessMutex(const char* name = NULL); 23     ~CProcessMutex(); 24 

25     bool Lock(); 26     bool UnLock(); 27 

28 private: 29 

30 #ifdef WIN32 31     void* m_pMutex; 32 #endif

33 

34 #ifdef linux 35     sem_t* m_pSem; 36 #endif

37     char m_cMutexName[30]; 38 }; 39 

40 #endif
ProcessMutex.cpp文件:
 1 #include "ProcessMutex.h"

 2 

 3 #ifdef WIN32  4 

 5 CProcessMutex::CProcessMutex(const char* name)  6 {  7     memset(m_cMutexName, 0 ,sizeof(m_cMutexName));  8     int min = strlen(name)>(sizeof(m_cMutexName)-1)?(sizeof(m_cMutexName)-1):strlen(name);  9  strncpy(m_cMutexName, name, min); 10     m_pMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, false, m_cMutexName); 11 } 12 

13 CProcessMutex::~CProcessMutex() 14 { 15  CloseHandle(m_pMutex); 16 } 17 

18 bool CProcessMutex::Lock() 19 { 20     //互斥锁创建失败

21     if (NULL == m_pMutex) 22  { 23         return false; 24  } 25     

26     DWORD nRet = WaitForSingleObject(m_pMutex, INFINITE); 27     if (nRet != WAIT_OBJECT_0) 28  { 29         return false; 30  } 31 

32     return true; 33 } 34 

35 bool CProcessMutex::UnLock() 36 { 37     return ReleaseMutex(m_pMutex); 38 } 39 

40 #endif

41 

42 #ifdef linux 43 

44 CProcessMutex::CProcessMutex(const char* name) 45 { 46     memset(m_cMutexName, 0 ,sizeof(m_cMutexName)); 47     int min = strlen(name)>(sizeof(m_cMutexName)-1)?(sizeof(m_cMutexName)-1):strlen(name); 48  strncpy(m_cMutexName, name, min); 49     m_pSem = sem_open(name, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644, 1); 50 } 51 

52 CProcessMutex::~CProcessMutex() 53 { 54     int ret = sem_close(m_pSem); 55     if (0 != ret) 56  { 57         printf("sem_close error %d\n", ret); 58  } 59  sem_unlink(m_cMutexName); 60 } 61 

62 bool CProcessMutex::Lock() 63 { 64     int ret = sem_wait(m_pSem); 65     if (ret != 0) 66  { 67         return false; 68  } 69     return true; 70 } 71 

72 bool CProcessMutex::UnLock() 73 { 74     int ret = sem_post(m_pSem); 75     if (ret != 0) 76  { 77         return false; 78  } 79     return true; 80 } 81 

82 #endif

 

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