一.增删改
原表
1.数据插入——INSERT INTO
(1)在表中插入自己写的行
SELECT * FROM prod_info2;
INSERT INTO prod_info2
VALUES('T00001', '测试商品', 'test', 'test', 'test', 16, 20, 'NJ0001');
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
INSERT INTO prod_info2 (prod_id, prod_name, brand, type)
VALUES('T00002', '测试商品', 'test', 'test');
INSERT INTO prod_info2 (prod_id, prod_name, type, brand)
VALUES('T00003', '测试商品', 'type', 'brand');
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
(2)在表中插入另一个表中的一行
插入整行
INSERT INTO prod_info2
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id = '10001';
插入部分行
INSERT INTO prod_info2(prod_id, prod_name, brand, type)
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id = '10002';
(3)在表中插入了一个表中的多行
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id LIKE '2000_';
INSERT INTO prod_info2
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id LIKE '2000_';
2.数据更新——UPDATE
(1)无过滤修改列
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '日用品';
(2)有过滤条件修改列
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '零食'
WHERE prod_id LIKE 'T2%';
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '饮料'
WHERE prod_id LIKE '3%';
WHERE prod_info2
SET sale_price = sale_price * 0.9
WHERE prod_name = '抽纸' OR class = '饮料';
UPDAT prod_info2
SET sale_price = sale_price * 0.9, cost = cost * 0.9;
(3)通过关联方式对表进行更新
SELECT p2.*, p.*
FROM prod_info2 AS p2 INNER JOIN prod_info AS p
WHERE p2.prod_name = p.prod_name
AND p2.brand = p.brand
AND p2.type = p.type;
UPDATE prod_info2 AS p2
INNER JOIN prod_info AS p
SET p2.cost = p.sale_price
WHERE p2.prod_name = p.prod_name
AND p2.brand = p.brand
AND p2.type = p.type;
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
3.数据删除——DELETE
(1)删除
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 AS p2 WHERE class = '测试商品';
DELETE FROM prod_info2 WHERE prod_name = '测试商品';
二.今日代码
SELECT * FROM prod_info2;
INSERT INTO prod_info2
VALUES('T00001', '测试商品', 'test', 'test', 'test', 16, 20, 'NJ0001');
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
INSERT INTO prod_info2 (prod_id, prod_name, brand, type)
VALUES('T00002', '测试商品', 'test', 'test');
INSERT INTO prod_info2 (prod_id, prod_name, type, brand)
VALUES('T00003', '测试商品', 'type', 'brand');
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
SELECT * FROM prod_info AS p WHERE p.prod_id = '10001';
INSERT INTO prod_info2
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id = '10001';
INSERT INTO prod_info2(prod_id, prod_name, brand, type)
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id = '10002';
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id LIKE '2000_';
INSERT INTO prod_info2
SELECT CONCAT('T', p.prod_id), p.prod_name, p.brand, p.type, p.class, p.cost, p.sale_price, p.supplier_id
FROM prod_info AS p
WHERE p.prod_id LIKE '2000_';
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '日用品';
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '零食'
WHERE prod_id LIKE 'T2%';
UPDATE prod_info2
SET class = '饮料'
WHERE prod_id LIKE '3%';
WHERE prod_info2
SET sale_price = sale_price / 0.9
WHERE prod_name = '抽纸' OR class = '饮料';
UPDATE prod_info2
SET sale_price = sale_price * 0.9, cost = cost * 0.9;
SELECT p2.*, p.*
FROM prod_info2 AS p2 INNER JOIN prod_info AS p
WHERE p2.prod_name = p.prod_name
AND p2.brand = p.brand
AND p2.type = p.type;
UPDATE prod_info2 AS p2
INNER JOIN prod_info AS p
SET p2.cost = p.sale_price
WHERE p2.prod_name = p.prod_name
AND p2.brand = p.brand
AND p2.type = p.type;
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 ORDER BY prod_id DESC;
SELECT * FROM prod_info2 AS p2 WHERE class = '测试商品';
DELETE FROM prod_info2 WHERE prod_name = '测试商品';
三.课后作业
Q1:写出插入语句的两种语句结构,并分析其使用场景。
答:INSERET INTO<表名>VALUES(<插入值1>,<插入值2>,......)
第一种方法较为简单,仅适用于整行插入,且要求表结构固定。
INSERT INTO<表名>(<插入字段1>,<插入字段2>,......)VALUES(<插入值>,<插入值>,......)
第二种方法更为具体,既可以用于整行插入也可以用于部分行插入,且插入顺序可以进行自定义。并且,即使表后续结构发生修改,只要插入字段依然存在,则该语句依旧有效。
Q2:请写出更新表的语句结构(多列),以及更新操作的注意事项。
答:
UPDATE<表名>
SET<列名1> = 值1, <列名2> = 值2
WHERE<过滤条件>;
一定要注意过滤条件的检查。
Q3:分别写出以下语句。
1、向 milk_tea 表中插入一个完整的行:(9,测试商品 1,100g,2019-01-01,12,13,20)
INSERT INTO milk_tea
VALUES(9, '测试商品1', '100g', 20190101, 12, 13, 20);
2、向 milk_tea 表中插入以下数据:prod_id = 10,pro_date = “2018-01-01”,prod_name = “测试商品 2”
INSERT INTO milk_tea (prod_id, pro_date, prod_name)
VALUES (10, 20180101, '测试商品2');
3、从 milk_tea 表中找到‘棒棒糖’的行,修改 prod_id 为 11 后重新插入 milk_tea 表
UPDATE milk_tea
SET prod_id = 11
WHERE prod_name = '棒棒糖';
4、修改 prod_id 为 11 的行数据,将 prod_name 修改为“测试商品 3”
UPDATE milk_tea
SET prod_name = '测试商品3'
WHERE prod_id = 11;
5、删除 prod_id 为 9、10、11 的行。
DELETE
FROM milk_tea
WHERE prod_id IN (9, 10, 11);