linux+nginx+tomcat+vue+后端项目部署

  1. nginx安装

    1.先安装依赖

    yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake
    yum -y install PCRE pcre-devel
    yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
    yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

    2.安装nginx

    cd /usr/local/source
    wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.0.tar.gz
    tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
    mv nginx-1.6.2 /usr/local/nginx
    cd /usr/local/nginx/

    #预编译Nginx

    useradd www;
    ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

    #.configure预编译成功后,执行make命令进行编译

    make

    #make执行成功后,执行make install 正式安装(此时会在nginx文件夹下生成一个sbin目录)

    make install

    #运行一下命令

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 检查nginx配置文件是否正确
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 启动nginx
    ps -aux | grep nginx 查看nginx进程
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 重启nginx
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v 查看nginx版本

    #修改nginx.conf文件(/nginx/conf/nginx.conf,可以先不改,前面运行成功nginx,如果查到版本号,并且访问ip,出现nginx下图表示安装成功,nginx的默认端口是80)

     #nginx的默认负载均衡策略upstream
     upstream iot {
         server   192.168.126.128:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
         server   192.168.126.128:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
    }
    ​

img

2.nginx.conf解释(根据实际情况配置)

  1. server

img

这段代码是在配置文件中的server中,一个server相当于一个代理服务器,可以配置多个server。
​
里面几个属性的意思分别是:
​
listen:代表当前代理服务器的访问端口号,默认是80端口。如果要配置多个server,这里的默认端口需要改变,要不然系统不知道进入哪个代理服务。
​
server_name:表示代理服务需要转发的地址,默认是localhost。
​
location:表示匹配客户端发送请求的路径,这里“/”代表所有请求的路径都能匹配,配置代理就是这个,location /表示全部请求都要经过这里。
​
root:表示请求别匹配到后,会在这个文件夹内寻找相应的文件,root对后面静态资源的处理很重要。
​
index:如果代理没有指定主页,将默认进入index配置下寻找主页,可以配置多个,第一个主页找不到,访问第二个,以此类推。
​
error_page:代表发生错误后进入的相关错误页面,下面的location也是处理错误的相关配置。

2.负载均衡配置及解释(放在http里或https里)

1) ip hash:依据ip分配方式,指定负载均衡器按照基于客户端ip的分配方式,这个方法确保了客户端请求一致发送到相同的服务器,保证了session会话,每次都访问同一个后端的服务器。可以解决session不能跨服务器的问题

 #nginx的默认负载均衡策略upstream
 upstream [服务器名称] {
 	 ip hash;
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号];
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号];
     ...
}

2) 轮询:按时间顺序平均分配到不同的后端服务器

#nginx的默认负载均衡策略upstream
 upstream [服务器名称] {
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号];
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号];
     ...
}

3)weight:权重方式,在轮询的基础上指定轮询的几率

#nginx的默认负载均衡策略upstream
 upstream iot {
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号] weight=2;
     server   [ip地址]:[端口号]  weight=6;
     ...
}

3.worker_processes 启动进程数,一般跟cpu的相等

worker_processes  4
linux查询cpu数命令: cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "physical id"| sort| uniq| wc -l

4.配置多个location

server {
        listen       8989;
        server_name  localhost;
		access_log logs/esb.log;
		error_log logs/esb-error.log;
		#将所有请求转发给 esb 的应用处理
		
		location = /uaapi {
			proxy_buffer_size 128k;
			proxy_buffers 32 32k;
			proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
			proxy_pass http://192.168.31.83:8086/uaapi/addressManage/getAddressByDept?dept=5019;
		}
		
		location /uaapi/dc {
			proxy_buffer_size 128k;
			proxy_buffers 32 32k;
			proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
			proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8086;
		}
		
		location /dd {
			proxy_buffer_size 128k;
			proxy_buffers 32 32k;
			proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
			proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8086/uaapi/dc/addressManage/getAddressByDept?dept=5019;
		}
    }

5.配置多个location(前端)

location / {
         root   /data/html/;
         index  index.html index.html;
    }
    location / {
         root   /data/html/;
         index  index.html index.html;
    }
    location /train {
         root   /data/trainning/;
         index  index.html index.html;
    }
    #location如果一个特定的url 要使用别名,不能用root,alias指定的目录是准确的,root是指定目录的上级目录,改动后即可以使用了

3.tomcat的安装及配置

  1. 官网下载压缩包:

  2. 复制到目录解压: tar -zxv -f apache-tomcat-8.5.37.tar.gz

  3. 如果要配置多个tomcat可改server.xml: Server port="8005" 、 Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 、Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3"这几个的端口保证每个tomcat的这几端口都不一样

  4. 端口解释: server prot 是tomcat运行的端口,Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1是请求端口,也是客户端发送请求过来的端口,也是我们访问的端口,Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3"是tomcat的监听端口。

    tomcat配置多个:

    1. 操作/etc/profile 文件: vi /etc/profile

    2. #tomcat1
      export CATALINA_HOME1=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_1
      export CATALINA_BASE1=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_1
      export TOMCAT_HOME1=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_1
      
      #tomcat2
      export CATALINA_HOME2=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_2
      export CATALINA_BASE2=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_2
      export TOMCAT_HOME2=/home/tomcat/tomcat8.5_2
      
       ...

    3.改tomcat的 server.xml:上面已经说过了要保证每个端口都不一样即可

    4.改startup.sh 和 shutdown.sh文件这两分别是tomcat运行的文件和停止的文件

    #对应你上面profile配置的名称,两文件都加上就行了
    export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
    export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
    export TOMCAT_HOME=TOMCAT_HOME1

    5.运行一下看看是否有错,没错收工!

    4.实际项目配置

    1. nginx.conf:

      #user  nobody;
      worker_processes  1; #启动进程数一般和cpu数相等
      
      #error_log  logs/error.log;
      #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
      #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
      
      #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
      
      
      events {
          worker_connections  1024; #一个worker的最大连接数
      }
      
      
      http {
          include       mime.types;
          default_type  application/octet-stream;
      
          #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
          #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
          #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
      
          #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
      
          sendfile        on;
          #tcp_nopush     on;
      
          #keepalive_timeout  0;
          keepalive_timeout  65;
      
          #gzip  on;
          
      	#负载均衡策略,这里的是weight权重
          upstream iot {
               server   localhost:8081  weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
               server   localhost:8080  weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
          }
      
          server {
              listen       80; #监听端口
              server_name  localhost; #地址
      
              #charset koi8-r;
      
              #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
      
              location / {		
                  root   /sr/vue/iot; #静态资源路径(重要)
                  try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; #防止重定向页面刷新 路由失效
                  index  index.html index.html;
      	 		#   proxy_pass http://iot;
              }
      
      
      	location /iot/ {
                      proxy_pass http://iot; #代理地址用了负载均衡和iot上面的负载均衡名一样
               		#下面5个是定义代理的请求头,具体用法我也不是很清楚,照着复制
                      proxy_redirect      off;
                      proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
                      proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;
                      proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
                      proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded_For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                      proxy_connect_timeout       90; #连接超时
                      proxy_send_timeout          90; #请求超时
                      proxy_read_timeout          90; #读取超时
                      proxy_buffer_size           4k;
                      proxy_buffers               4 32k;
                      proxy_busy_buffers_size     64k;
                      proxy_temp_file_write_size  64k;
                      client_max_body_size        500m; #客户端最大延迟
              }
      
              #error_page  404              /404.html;
      
              # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
              #
              error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
              location = /50x.html {
                  root   html;
              }
      
              # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
              #
              #location ~ \.php$ {
              #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
              #}
      
              # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
              #
              #location ~ \.php$ {
              #    root           html;
              #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
              #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
              #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
              #    include        fastcgi_params;
              #}
      
              # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
              # concurs with nginx's one
              #
              #location ~ /\.ht {
              #    deny  all;
              #}
          }
      # 多个server
      #    server {
      #       listen       9300;
      #        server_name  localhost;
      #
      #        location / {
      #	    root   /dist; 
      #            index  index.html index.htm;
      #       }
      		
      #	location /api/ {
      #		proxy_set_header Host $host;
      #		proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
      #		proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8484/api/;
      #		proxy_send_timeout 300;
      #		proxy_read_timeout 300;
      #		proxy_connect_timeout 300;
      #	}
         # location ^~/api { 
               #   rewrite ^/api/(.*)$ /$1 break; 
                #  proxy_pass http://localhost:8081; 
          # }
      
       #       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
       #       location = /50x.html {
       #          root   html;
       #      }
       #   }
          
          # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
          #
          #server {
          #    listen       8000;
          #    listen       somename:8080;
          #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
      
          #    location / {
          #        root   html;
          #        index  index.html index.htm;
          #    }
          #}
      
      
          # HTTPS server
          #
          #server {
          #    listen       443 ssl;
          #    server_name  localhost;
      
          #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
          #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
      
          #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
          #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
      
          #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
          #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
      
          #    location / {
          #        root   html;
          #        index  index.html index.htm;
          #    }
          #}
      
      }
      

      2.vue存放路径和上面root路径一样

      3.java项目路径存在代理的tomcat下的webapps下

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